五、開(kāi)展宗教對(duì)外交流
V. International Religious Exchanges

在堅(jiān)持宗教獨(dú)立自主自辦原則的同時(shí)，新疆還在相互尊重、平等友好的基礎(chǔ)上，積極與世界各國(guó)宗教組織進(jìn)行交往交流。對(duì)所有尊重中國(guó)主權(quán)、尊重中國(guó)宗教獨(dú)立自主自辦原則的外國(guó)宗教組織和個(gè)人，新疆各級(jí)政府和人民始終持開(kāi)放和歡迎態(tài)度。
While adhering to the independence and self-management principle, Xinjiang engages in active communication and exchanges with other religious organizations worldwide on the basis of mutual respect, equality and friendship. Governments at all levels in Xinjiang and the Xinjiang people are open-minded and welcome all foreign religious organizations and individuals that respect China's sovereignty and the principle of independence and self-management of China's religious affairs.

開(kāi)展宗教學(xué)術(shù)文化交流。新疆宗教界代表多次參加國(guó)際學(xué)術(shù)交流會(huì)和研討會(huì)，教職人員和宗教院校學(xué)生多次在國(guó)際上舉辦的《古蘭經(jīng)》誦讀比賽中獲獎(jiǎng)，展示了新疆宗教界深厚的文化和學(xué)術(shù)底蘊(yùn)。
Carry out religious academic and cultural exchanges. Representatives from Xinjiang religious circles have participated in many international academic meetings and seminars, and clerical personnel and students from religious schools in Xinjiang have won prizes at many international Koran recitation contests, demonstrating the sound cultural and academic foundation of Xinjiang's religious circles.

派員到國(guó)外留學(xué)深造。2001年以來(lái)，新疆先后選派70多名宗教院校學(xué)生和教職人員赴埃及艾資哈爾大學(xué)、巴基斯坦國(guó)際伊斯蘭大學(xué)等高校留學(xué)深造，提高宗教學(xué)識(shí)和教務(wù)水平。政府多次慰問(wèn)留學(xué)人員，并設(shè)立獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。
Send people to study abroad. Since 2001 Xinjiang has sent more than 70 religious school students and clerical personnel to Egypt's Al-Azhar University, Pakistan's International Islamic University and other overseas colleges and universities for further study, with a view to improving their religious knowledge and teaching level. The government has visited the students and personnel many times, and established scholarships for them.

積極開(kāi)展“請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái)”“走出去”。邀請(qǐng)沙特阿拉伯、土耳其等國(guó)宗教人士、華人華僑到新疆和內(nèi)地考察。外國(guó)宗教組織和團(tuán)體也多次應(yīng)邀到新疆進(jìn)行友好訪問(wèn)。組織“中國(guó)新疆文化交流團(tuán)”赴中東、大洋洲、歐洲國(guó)家開(kāi)展交流。新疆宗教代表團(tuán)多次出訪埃及、沙特阿拉伯、土耳其、巴基斯坦、馬來(lái)西亞、韓國(guó)、日本、新加坡、德國(guó)、丹麥等國(guó)家，還參加了中國(guó)伊斯蘭教協(xié)會(huì)在印尼、土耳其等國(guó)家舉辦的“中國(guó)伊斯蘭文化展演”活動(dòng)，向國(guó)際社會(huì)特別是伊斯蘭世界介紹新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展、宗教信仰自由的真實(shí)情況，增進(jìn)相互了解與友誼。
Promote "welcoming in" and "going global." Religious personnel and overseas Chinese from Saudi Arabia, Turkey and other countries have been invited to Xinjiang and the inland areas of China. Foreign religious organizations and groups have also been invited to Xinjiang for friendly visits. The government in Xinjiang has organized the "China Xinjiang Culture Exchange Group" for exchanges with countries in the Middle East, Oceania, and Europe. Xinjiang religious delegations have visited Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Pakistan, Malaysia, South Korea, Japan, Singapore, Germany, Denmark and other countries many times, and participated in the "China Islamic Culture Expo & Art Show" held by the Islamic Association of China in Indonesia, Turkey and other countries, introducing to the international community, especially the Islamic world, Xinjiang's economic and social development, freedom of religious belief and other facts, and enhancing friendship and mutual understanding.

六、防范和打擊宗教極端
VI. Preventing and Combating Religious Extremism

宗教極端主義打著宗教旗號(hào)，鼓吹極端激進(jìn)觀點(diǎn)，采取極端手段，妄圖建立神權(quán)統(tǒng)治。宗教極端主義不是宗教，它與宗教是利用與被利用的關(guān)系。其本質(zhì)是反人類(lèi)、反社會(huì)、反文明、反宗教。宗教極端主義是滋生暴恐活動(dòng)的重要思想基礎(chǔ)。冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，宗教極端主義在國(guó)際上日趨活躍，頻繁制造暴恐活動(dòng)，如美國(guó)“9·11”、法國(guó)“11·13”、比利時(shí)“3·22”等恐怖襲擊事件，嚴(yán)重危害世界和平和地區(qū)安全，成為當(dāng)代國(guó)際社會(huì)的毒瘤。
Religious extremists, in the name of religion, spread radical and extremist views, and take extremist means to try to establish a theocracy. Religious extremism is not religion, but tries to make use of religion. It is by nature anti-human, anti-society, anti-civilization and anti-religion, and is an important ideological foundation for violent and terrorist activities. Since the Cold War religious extremism has become increasingly rampant in the international arena, frequently committing acts of terror and violence, for instance, the September 11 terrorist attacks in the U.S., the November 13 terrorist attacks in France, and the March 22 terrorist attacks in Belgium. Those attacks have severely undermined world peace and regional security, and become a malignant tumor in contemporary international society.

受?chē)?guó)際宗教極端主義思潮影響，近些年來(lái)，宗教極端主義在新疆滋生蔓延。宗教極端主義違背和歪曲宗教教義，以歪理邪說(shuō)蠱惑蒙騙公眾特別是青少年，把一些人變成完全受其精神控制的極端分子和恐怖分子。宗教極端勢(shì)力策劃、實(shí)施了昆明“3·01”、烏魯木齊“5·22”、鄯善“6·26”、莎車(chē)“7·28”、拜城“9·18”等一系列嚴(yán)重暴力恐怖事件，殘害包括宗教人士和信教公民在內(nèi)的各族無(wú)辜群眾。大量事實(shí)表明，宗教極端主義已成為危害國(guó)家統(tǒng)一和民族團(tuán)結(jié)，破壞宗教和睦與社會(huì)和諧，影響新疆社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和長(zhǎng)治久安，危害各族人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全的現(xiàn)實(shí)危險(xiǎn)。
Affected by international religious extremism, religious extremism has grown and spread in Xinjiang in recent years. Religious extremism betrays and distorts religious doctrines, deludes and deceives the public, particularly young people, with their fallacies, and changes some people into extremists and terrorists completely under its control. Religious extremist forces have designed and carried out a series of severe violent and terrorist attacks in China, including a knife attack at a train station in Kunming on March 1, 2014, the May 22 bombing of a market in Urumqi in 2014, multiple attacks in Shanshan on June 26, 2013, attacks on July 28 in Shache in 2014, and the September 18 terrorist attacks in Baicheng in 2015, injuring or killing religious personnel and believers and other innocent people. Facts show that religious extremism has become a real danger that undermines national unity and ethnic solidarity, sabotages religious and social harmony, impairs social stability and peace in Xinjiang, and endangers the life and property of people of all ethnic groups.

宗教極端主義是世界人民的共同敵人。反對(duì)宗教極端主義是各國(guó)政府的應(yīng)盡之責(zé)，也是各國(guó)人民包括宗教界和信教公民義不容辭的責(zé)任。新疆開(kāi)展“去極端化”，防范和打擊宗教極端，是維護(hù)國(guó)家和人民根本利益的正義之舉，也是國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)宗教極端主義的重要組成部分。
Religious extremism is the common enemy of all humanity. It is the undeniable obligation of all countries and all peoples, including religious believers, to fight against religious extremism. Xinjiang has adopted a policy of "de-extremization" to prevent and combat religious extremism, which is a just act to safeguard the fundamental interests of the country and the people, as well as an important part of the battle of the world community against religious extremism.

樹(shù)立正信正行。積極倡導(dǎo)宗教團(tuán)體和宗教人士把宗教中的愛(ài)國(guó)、和平、團(tuán)結(jié)、中道、寬容、善行等思想貫穿到解經(jīng)講經(jīng)活動(dòng)中，弘揚(yáng)中華文化勸人向善、教人立德、慈悲為懷等理念，引導(dǎo)信教公民確立正信正行、抵制宗教極端。
Establish proper faith and conduct honest deeds. Xinjiang encourages religious organizations and believers to promote patriotism, peace, unity, moderation, tolerance and benevolence through their sermons and preaching, spread the Chinese cultural concepts of advising people to perform good deeds, teaching people morality and being merciful, and lead religious believers in maintaining proper faith and honest deeds, and resisting religious extremism.

堅(jiān)持依法打擊。依據(jù)《中華人民共和國(guó)刑法》《中華人民共和國(guó)反恐怖主義法》等相關(guān)法律法規(guī)，對(duì)宣揚(yáng)恐怖主義、極端主義或煽動(dòng)實(shí)施恐怖活動(dòng)、極端主義活動(dòng)的，堅(jiān)決予以打擊。
Crack down on terrorism and extremism in accordance with the law. Xinjiang cracks down on the propaganda of terrorism and extremism and the incitement of terrorist and extremist activities in accordance with relevant laws and regulations, such as the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China and the Counterterrorism Law of the People's Republic of China.

堅(jiān)持現(xiàn)代文明引領(lǐng)。用現(xiàn)代文明引領(lǐng)各民族文化發(fā)展繁榮，用積極健康、豐富多彩的文化活動(dòng)滿足各族人民日益增長(zhǎng)的精神文化生活需求。積極引導(dǎo)宗教與社會(huì)主義社會(huì)相適應(yīng)，堅(jiān)決防止利用宗教干預(yù)行政、司法、教育等社會(huì)事務(wù)。
Uphold the role of modern civilization. Modern civilization leads the cultural development and prosperity of all ethnic groups, and active, healthy and enriched cultural activities meet the people's growing intellectual and cultural needs. Xinjiang takes active measures to make religions to adapt to socialist society, and prevents the use of religion in interfering in the administrative, judicial, educational and other social affairs.

大力改善民生。加快經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，大力實(shí)施民生工程，推動(dòng)共同繁榮進(jìn)步，提高各族人民生活水平和醫(yī)療、教育、就業(yè)等社會(huì)保障能力，消除滋生極端思想的土壤，夯實(shí)抵御宗教極端主義的社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)。
Improve the people's well-being. Xinjiang facilitates its economic and social development, implements livelihood projects, promotes common progress and prosperity, improves the living standard, health care, education, employment and other social aspects of all ethnic groups, prevents the breeding of extremist thoughts, and consolidates the social foundation for resisting religious extremism.

加強(qiáng)國(guó)際合作。積極開(kāi)展有益于促進(jìn)中國(guó)與世界各國(guó)了解和傳統(tǒng)友誼的交往交流活動(dòng)，穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)與有關(guān)國(guó)家的合作，堅(jiān)決打擊“東突”恐怖勢(shì)力。借鑒國(guó)際社會(huì)在防范宗教極端思想滲透、“去極端化”、打擊網(wǎng)絡(luò)恐怖主義等方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。積極參加反恐多邊合作機(jī)制。開(kāi)展不同文明對(duì)話，擠壓宗教極端思想生存空間。
Strengthen international cooperation. Xinjiang conducts activities for better understanding and promotion of the traditional friendship between China and other countries, promotes cooperation with related countries, and fights East Turkistan terrorist forces. It learns from the world community's experience in the prevention of the proliferation of religious extremism, "de-extremization" and the combat against cyber terrorism. It also actively participates in multilateral anti-terrorist cooperative mechanisms, conducts dialogues between different cultures and restricts the scope of religious extremism.

新疆開(kāi)展的“去極端化”工作，有效遏制了宗教極端主義滲透蔓延的態(tài)勢(shì)，對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)“去極端化”及防范、打擊恐怖主義，對(duì)維護(hù)世界和平與發(fā)展作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。
The "de-extremization" adopted by Xinjiang has effectively contained the spread of religious extremism, and made a great contribution to international "de-extremization," prevention of and combat against terrorism, and world peace and development.

七、發(fā)揮宗教界的積極作用
VII. Active Role of Religious Circles

新中國(guó)成立后，宗教信仰自由政策在新疆得到全面貫徹落實(shí)，極大激發(fā)了宗教界積極投身經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)建設(shè)的熱情。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)，特別是近些年來(lái)，新疆各項(xiàng)事業(yè)得到全面發(fā)展，綜合實(shí)力顯著提升，法治建設(shè)穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，民生建設(shè)不斷加強(qiáng)，天山南北發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化。宗教界在維護(hù)新疆社會(huì)穩(wěn)定和長(zhǎng)治久安、促進(jìn)新疆經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了積極作用。
Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949 the policy of freedom of religious belief has been comprehensively implemented in Xinjiang, arousing the enthusiasm of religious circles in participating in economic and social construction. Since the initiation of the reform and opening-up era in 1978, and especially in recent years, progress has been made in all social undertakings in Xinjiang, and the autonomous region's comprehensive strength, rule of law and people's well-being. Great changes have taken place on both sides of the Tianshan Mountains. Religious circles have played an active role in maintaining Xinjiang's social stability and lasting peace, and promoting the comprehensive development of Xinjiang's economy and society.

維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一和民族團(tuán)結(jié)。在中國(guó)，維護(hù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)一和民族團(tuán)結(jié)的核心是做好反分裂工作。長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，新疆宗教界不斷增強(qiáng)法治觀念，遵守國(guó)家法律法規(guī)，樹(shù)立國(guó)家意識(shí)、公民意識(shí)、中華民族共同體意識(shí)，帶頭做維護(hù)民族團(tuán)結(jié)的表率，帶頭制止影響民族團(tuán)結(jié)的言行，帶頭宣傳身邊民族團(tuán)結(jié)的典型，爭(zhēng)做民族團(tuán)結(jié)模范，引領(lǐng)信教公民為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國(guó)夢(mèng)貢獻(xiàn)力量。
Uphold national unity and ethnic solidarity. In China, the core of maintaining national unity and ethnic solidarity lies in anti-secessionist work. For a long time, Xinjiang religious circles have been enhancing the concept of the rule of law, abiding by laws and regulations, and fostering the national consciousness, civic awareness and sense of community of the Chinese nation. They have taken the lead in setting an example in the maintenance of national unity, in stopping words and deeds undermining national unity, and in publicizing local role models of national unity. They have striven to become fine examples of national unity, and have led religious believers in contributing to the Chinese Dream of rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

反對(duì)宗教極端，維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。新疆宗教界立足本土、扎根本土，積極深化中國(guó)化經(jīng)學(xué)思想建設(shè)，傳承和弘揚(yáng)愛(ài)國(guó)、和平、團(tuán)結(jié)、中道、寬容、善行的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，堅(jiān)持反暴力、講法治、講秩序。在宗教極端勢(shì)力宣揚(yáng)歪理邪說(shuō)時(shí)，用正信戳穿其謊言。在發(fā)生暴恐事件時(shí)，主動(dòng)發(fā)聲，亮明觀點(diǎn)，揭露真相。在烏魯木齊“7·5”嚴(yán)重暴力犯罪事件，烏魯木齊“5·22”、莎車(chē)“7·28”等嚴(yán)重暴力恐怖事件發(fā)生后，新疆宗教界迅速表態(tài)，嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)暴力犯罪和恐怖罪行。在宗教極端勢(shì)力利用宗教干預(yù)群眾生活時(shí)，依據(jù)教義批駁，積極引導(dǎo)信教公民堅(jiān)持正信正行。
Oppose religious extremism and safeguard social stability. Xinjiang religious circles, taking root in the local soil and culture, have furthered scripture study with Chinese characteristics, inherited and carried forward the fine traditions of patriotism, peace, unity, moderation, tolerance and benevolence, opposed violence and advocated the rule of law and order. When facing fallacies propagated by religious extremist forces, they have exposed their lies with proper faith. When violent or terrorist events take place, they always express their opinions and uncover the truth. After the July 5, 2009 riot in Urumqi, the May 22 bombing in Urumqi and the attacks on July 28 in Shache in 2014, Xinjiang religious circles immediately stated their stand, and condemned the violent criminal and terrorist offenses. When religious extremist forces take advantage of religion to interfere with people's life, they criticize such acts according to their doctrines and actively guide religious believers to maintain proper faith and conduct honest deeds.

積極參與經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)。新疆宗教界發(fā)揚(yáng)博施眾利、利益眾生等優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)，引導(dǎo)信教公民掌握先進(jìn)技術(shù)，積極投身經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)，改善生活。通過(guò)承包土地、興辦實(shí)體、種植、養(yǎng)殖、運(yùn)輸、食品加工等走上富裕之路，并引領(lǐng)廣大信教公民勤勞致富。召開(kāi)宗教界勤勞致富現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀摩會(huì)、樹(shù)立典型示范戶(hù)等，在宗教界營(yíng)造勞動(dòng)光榮、致富光榮、崇尚科技光榮的良好風(fēng)尚。
Participate in economic construction. Carrying forward the fine tradition of reaching out and benefiting all beings, Xinjiang religious circles guide religious believers to master advanced technologies, participate in economic construction and improve living conditions. They encourage religious believers to become better off through diligent work, for instance, contract of land, setting up businesses, planting, animal breeding, transportation and food processing. They hold demonstrations to introduce experiences of achieving prosperity through hard work and hold up model households as examples. They also try to foster in religious circles a good atmosphere of honoring labor, prosperity through hard work, and advocating science and technology.

服務(wù)社會(huì)熱心公益。新疆宗教界積極開(kāi)展公益慈善活動(dòng)，慈悲濟(jì)世。每年定期舉辦“慈愛(ài)人間、五教同行”慈善周活動(dòng)，推動(dòng)宗教公益慈善事業(yè)發(fā)展。積極為四川汶川、青海玉樹(shù)、新疆皮山等地震災(zāi)區(qū)救難賑災(zāi)、消災(zāi)祈福，為烏魯木齊“5·22”等暴恐事件受害民眾誦經(jīng)祈禱、捐款捐物。此外，在公益捐贈(zèng)、安老助學(xué)、扶貧濟(jì)困、心靈慰藉、環(huán)境保護(hù)、公共設(shè)施建設(shè)等方面也發(fā)揮了積極作用。
Be enthusiastic about social service and public welfare. Xinjiang religious circles actively conduct public welfare and charity activities. They hold annual charity week jointly launched by five major religions to promote public welfare and charity undertakings in Xinjiang. They have participated in disaster relief, with both donation and prayers, for the earthquake victims in Wenchuan, Yushu and Pishan, and said prayers for and donated money and materials to victims of the May 22 terrorist bombing in Urumqi and other violent and terrorist events. Besides, they also play a positive role in charitable donations, support for the elderly and schoolchildren, poverty alleviation, spiritual consolation, environmental protection and construction of public facilities.

結(jié)束語(yǔ)
Conclusion

歷史表明，宗教的生存和發(fā)展，必須與所處社會(huì)相適應(yīng)，堅(jiān)持走本土化道路；宗教間的共存共融，必須包容互鑒、和睦相處；實(shí)現(xiàn)宗教信仰自由，必須遠(yuǎn)離宗教戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與沖突。
History has proved that the existence and development of religions must be adapted to society and follow the path of localization; the coexistence and integration of religions must be achieved through inclusiveness, mutual learning and harmony; and the freedom of religious belief can only be obtained by keeping religious wars and conflicts at bay.

實(shí)踐證明，新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)，宗教信仰自由的憲法原則在新疆得到全面落實(shí)，公民宗教信仰自由權(quán)利得到充分尊重，信教公民的正常宗教需求得到有效滿足，宗教界在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定中的積極作用得到較好發(fā)揮，政府依法管理宗教事務(wù)能力不斷提升，宗教領(lǐng)域?qū)ν饨涣鞣€(wěn)步拓展，宗教極端主義滲透蔓延勢(shì)頭得到有效遏制。
Facts show that since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Constitutional principle of freedom of religious belief has been comprehensively implemented in Xinjiang, the citizens' freedom of religious belief is fully respected, believers' normal religious needs are effectively met, the positive role of religious circles in promoting economic development and social stability is well displayed, the government's capability of administrating religious affairs is constantly strengthened, international exchanges in the religious field are being expanded, and the proliferation and spread of religious extremism is being effectively contained.

中國(guó)堅(jiān)持從本國(guó)國(guó)情出發(fā)，堅(jiān)持獨(dú)立自主自辦宗教的原則，任何境外組織和個(gè)人不得干涉中國(guó)的宗教事務(wù)。中國(guó)是社會(huì)主義國(guó)家，新疆的宗教是在這一時(shí)代條件下存在和活動(dòng)的。堅(jiān)持宗教與社會(huì)主義社會(huì)相適應(yīng)，這既是中國(guó)國(guó)情的要求，也是宗教自身生存發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需求。
China, based on its national conditions, sticks to the principle of independence and self-management of religious undertakings, and will never allow any foreign organization or individual to interfere with China's religious affairs. China is a socialist country in which the religions of Xinjiang exist and are active. That religions must be adapted to the socialist society is not only the requirement of China's national conditions but the intrinsic requirement of religions for their own existence and development.

今天，新疆的宗教信仰自由狀況是過(guò)去任何一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期都無(wú)法比擬的，也是任何一個(gè)尊重事實(shí)者都不會(huì)否認(rèn)的。中國(guó)政府堅(jiān)決反對(duì)把宗教問(wèn)題政治化，反對(duì)借口宗教問(wèn)題干涉他國(guó)內(nèi)政。
Today, the freedom of religious belief in Xinjiang cannot be matched by that in any other historical period, and is undeniable to anyone who respects the facts. The Chinese government resolutely opposes the politicization of religious matters and any other country's interference in China's internal affairs in the name of religion.

當(dāng)前，中國(guó)正處于全面建成小康社會(huì)的決勝階段。作為絲綢之路經(jīng)濟(jì)帶核心區(qū)的新疆，將一如既往地在平等友好、互相尊重基礎(chǔ)上開(kāi)展對(duì)外合作與交往，促進(jìn)不同宗教、不同文明之間的對(duì)話與交流，增進(jìn)理解與互信，為世界和平發(fā)展、人類(lèi)文明進(jìn)步作出積極貢獻(xiàn)。
China is now at a decisive stage of comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. As the core region of the Silk Road Economic Belt, Xinjiang will continue its international cooperation and exchanges on the basis of equality, friendship and mutual respect, promote dialogue and exchanges among different religions and civilizations, enhance mutual trust and understanding, and make remarkable contributions to world peace and development as well as to human civilization and progress as a whole.

（來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)，編輯：Helen）