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?張明權(quán) |
本期點(diǎn)評(píng)專(zhuān)家:張明權(quán)
參考譯文:
What is your commuting time?
Commuters in Beijing spend an average of 52 minutes traveling to work each day, Guangzhou Daily reported. A few days ago 2010 Chinese New-Approach Urbanization Report was released that researches into the new strategy concerned. According to this report, commuters in China now top the world in commuting time (from home to work). The report cited here has been completed within a year by the Sustainable Development Strategy Research Group, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Statistics from the report shows that in 17 out of the 50 cities that have been investigated, the average commuting time is over 30 minutes, with Beijing topping the list.
“上班族”從范圍上定義比較困難,有時(shí)可以包括所有的公司、企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位雇員(employees)。然而考慮到這里討論的是上班時(shí)間問(wèn)題,譯成commuters是比較恰當(dāng)?shù)?。“新型城市化?zhàn)略”的翻譯可參考中科院的網(wǎng)頁(yè),翻譯成new-approach urbanization strategy。對(duì)于“新型”這個(gè)詞的翻譯,網(wǎng)友使用了new-pattern, new-modelled, new-type, new-style等詞匯,最直接的是使用new來(lái)翻譯,后者用在口語(yǔ)中完全可以,前者帶-的詞匯在學(xué)術(shù)論文中常見(jiàn)?!皬募业絾挝粏纬獭本褪莖ne way from home to work,有網(wǎng)友翻譯成a single journey between home and work place,這樣不好,方向不明,因?yàn)樯习嗪拖掳嗟那闆r是不同的,上班是一路趕過(guò)去,而下班則可能沒(méi)那么著急,再者“從家到單位”就是一個(gè)“單程”,所以one way也可以省略。最后談一下“領(lǐng)先”的翻譯,這里沒(méi)有褒義色彩,這一點(diǎn)需要注意。有網(wǎng)友翻譯出“our woking part has an advantage comparitive to other countries over the time on the road to work,(拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤原文如此)”就是理解的錯(cuò)誤。
譯題二: “床吧” 廣州球迷臥看世界杯 “今晚一起臥看欣賞世界杯吧!”
參考譯文:(以wiseme06的譯文為基礎(chǔ))
“Are you gonna watch the World Cup in bed tonight?”
The World Cup in full swing in South Africa is gripping the entire Guangzhou city as people come up with novel ways of watching the games here. The passionate Guangzhou fans have found themselves a new way this time to view the grand event—lying in bed. The “bed bar”, it turns out, has sprung up in Guangzhou, where fans can lie supinely in beds that replace barstools. By lying in spacious beds, football fans may watch comfortably and chat waywardly about the games and shows while savoring coffee, drinks and delicacies.
這段文字中有幾個(gè)廣州話詞匯,在原文中與普通話相對(duì)照,用來(lái)增加文字的地方色彩。然而,在翻譯時(shí),要重現(xiàn)原文的寫(xiě)作手法,幾乎是不可能的,雖然英語(yǔ)中也有類(lèi)似的手法,但要找出能對(duì)應(yīng)本文這幾個(gè)廣州話詞匯的英語(yǔ)方言(哪里的方言,倫敦土話還是曼徹斯特方言?)詞匯幾乎是不可完成的任務(wù),所以說(shuō)這里有著不得已的舍棄(最近流行的美國(guó)動(dòng)畫(huà)片《貓和老鼠》的各地方言版是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的現(xiàn)象,還有待于翻譯家進(jìn)一步研究)。這里翻譯的處理方式遵循的是把廣州話翻譯成普通話,然后再翻譯成英語(yǔ)的原則。當(dāng)然我們?cè)谔幚磉@些方言詞匯的時(shí)候,也可以考慮他們的語(yǔ)體色彩,那就是較為口語(yǔ)化?!绊ā钡囊馑际恰翱础?;“吹水”比聊天一詞更市井、更親切一點(diǎn),在這里和“聊天”并用是強(qiáng)調(diào)看球聊天的方式?!皣@咖啡”是“品咖啡”的意思。對(duì)于這幾個(gè)廣州話詞匯的翻譯,網(wǎng)友的處理大致也是遵循我上述提到的原則。我的參考譯文是在wiseme06譯文的基礎(chǔ)上改寫(xiě)的,該網(wǎng)友的譯文對(duì)一些漢語(yǔ)的成語(yǔ)采取了簡(jiǎn)化處理,這一點(diǎn)我很贊同,在較早一期的點(diǎn)評(píng)中我也提到這一問(wèn)題,漢語(yǔ)中一些浮華的詞匯在翻譯時(shí)可以回歸實(shí)質(zhì),但具體問(wèn)題還需具體處理。比如“如火如荼”,在這里可以對(duì)應(yīng)使用的譯文包括in full swing(action), like a raging fire, moving into top gear, going ahead like wildfire, well under way等,wiseme06直接使用了ongoing一詞,就屬于簡(jiǎn)化的處理手法,關(guān)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題也是仁者見(jiàn)仁,智者見(jiàn)智。Foxki網(wǎng)友則利用“fire”這一隱喻意象,譯出了以下內(nèi)容,“as the world cup spreads like a raging fire, the whole Guangzhou is caught in “fire” and its people do their level best to feast the game,”從保留原文形象上講可以說(shuō)多有可取之處,這兩位網(wǎng)友的翻譯可以說(shuō)代表了兩種不同風(fēng)格。最后想談?wù)劇案鞒銎嬲小焙汀按邓奶臁钡姆g,“奇招”到底是什么樣的方法呢,這涉及譯者對(duì)原文語(yǔ)氣(tone)的把握。我認(rèn)為這里原文作者是帶著輕松調(diào)侃的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)談去“床吧”看世界杯這件事的,這樣“奇招”就不能說(shuō)是odd ways,而“吹水聊天”處理起來(lái)更加困難,作者多少帶有一點(diǎn)調(diào)侃的味道,puffing water絕對(duì)是誤譯,但chitchat似乎也沒(méi)有挖掘出這里看世界杯聊球的感覺(jué),我嘗試使用了chat waywardly about來(lái)翻譯,主要是強(qiáng)調(diào)“侃球”的恣意不羈,妥與不妥,歡迎討論。
譯題三:你有“路怒癥”嗎?
參考譯文:
Are you suffering from “roadrage”?
The roadrage, as the name suggests, means to drive with rage. The word “roadrage”, an entry in the new edition of Oxford English Dictionary, defines the surprisingly raging mood resulting from driving pressure and frustration at traffic congestion. Have you ever heard someone honking violently behind when you drive? The problem you might have associated with a driver’s personality probably is only the stroke of “roadrage”. With China surpassing the US and becoming the largest consumer of autos now, should we be more concerned about the “roadrage”?
這篇文字是關(guān)于“路怒癥”的,說(shuō)是已經(jīng)收入了新版牛津詞語(yǔ)大辭典,原文對(duì)辭典未加書(shū)名號(hào),讓人困惑到底是哪一本辭典。經(jīng)查網(wǎng)站,road rage一詞確實(shí)收入了Compact Oxford English Dictionary,2008年修訂第三版,給出的定義是:violent anger arising from conflict with the driver of another motor vehicle。因?yàn)槭诸^沒(méi)有作者所說(shuō)的那本詞典(實(shí)際上我也不知道到底是哪一本),只能推斷是Oxford English Dictionary,再者我懷疑原文作者是真的看到了辭典的解釋?zhuān)€是轉(zhuǎn)引了別人的材料,這都給下一句話的翻譯(回譯)造成困難。再者原文說(shuō)“路怒”是用來(lái)“形容在交通阻塞情況下,開(kāi)車(chē)壓力與挫折所導(dǎo)致的憤怒情緒猛烈程度叫人大感意外”,明顯是把“路怒”理解成了形容詞,這一點(diǎn)也給翻譯造成困惑,我建議翻譯時(shí)還是恢復(fù)該詞的名詞性定義,這一點(diǎn)網(wǎng)友也都注意到了,紛紛使用了上義詞rage, fury, raging mood等來(lái)定義這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)。這樣“大感意外”也就回歸到raging mood之前做狀語(yǔ)了,可以翻譯成surprisingly或根據(jù)所選的上義詞而翻譯成surprisingly high level of (rage)等。至于“朝你猛按喇叭”并不難翻譯,用honk violently or ragingly都可以。還有“晉升”一詞,又是漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣表達(dá),這些年我們太看重成為第一了,所以成為第一大汽車(chē)消費(fèi)國(guó)也是一種“晉升”(一種榮耀),但譯成英語(yǔ)實(shí)在沒(méi)必要那么夸張,用become一詞足夠了。最后談一下結(jié)尾的問(wèn)句,‘我們對(duì)于“路怒癥”了解有多少呢’,這句話和前一句的邏輯關(guān)系決定了不能直譯,作者想說(shuō)的是我們實(shí)際上對(duì)“路怒癥”了解的很不夠。不少網(wǎng)友把這句分開(kāi)來(lái)譯成How much do we know about road rage already,給人的感覺(jué)總還是不妥,所以我建議擺脫原文的束縛意譯成should we be more concerned about the “roadrage”?
本文僅代表作者本人觀點(diǎn),與本網(wǎng)立場(chǎng)無(wú)關(guān)。歡迎大家討論學(xué)術(shù)問(wèn)題,尊重他人,禁止人身攻擊和發(fā)布一切違反國(guó)家現(xiàn)行法律法規(guī)的內(nèi)容。
英譯漢 真的譯成漢語(yǔ)了嗎?
翻譯中的增詞與減詞
翻譯中的勘誤與隱喻“取舍”
英譯漢時(shí)不要掉入理解的陷阱
翻譯語(yǔ)言同樣可以生動(dòng)形象
翻譯中對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源利用
專(zhuān)家簡(jiǎn)介:
張明權(quán),安徽省固鎮(zhèn)縣人,江蘇大學(xué)外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)院副教授,英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文學(xué)碩士,上外博士課程班進(jìn)修。主要從事英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)和翻譯學(xué)研究,在國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)期刊發(fā)表論文10余篇,出版譯著兩部,發(fā)表其他文章20余篇,有大量翻譯實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),翻譯總字?jǐn)?shù)接近200萬(wàn)。Email: mqzhang@ujs.edu.cn。
(作者:張明權(quán) 中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 編輯:蔡姍姍)