中國(guó)網(wǎng)站品牌欄目（頻道）
四、保障國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展
IV. Supporting National Economic and Social Development
保衛(wèi)人民的和平勞動(dòng)，參加國(guó)家建設(shè)事業(yè)，全心全意為人民服務(wù)，是憲法和法律賦予中國(guó)武裝力量的重要任務(wù)。中國(guó)武裝力量服從服務(wù)于國(guó)家改革發(fā)展大局，積極參加國(guó)家建設(shè)和搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)，依法維護(hù)社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，努力保障國(guó)家發(fā)展利益。
The Constitution and relevant laws entrust China's armed forces with the important tasks of safeguarding the peaceful labor of the Chinese people, taking part in national development and serving the people wholeheartedly. Subordinate to and serving the overall situation of national reform and development, the armed forces of China actively participate in national development, emergency rescue and disaster relief, maintain social harmony and stability according to law, and endeavor to protect national development interests.
參加國(guó)家建設(shè)
Participating in National Development
軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)在完成教育訓(xùn)練、戰(zhàn)備執(zhí)勤、科研試驗(yàn)等任務(wù)的前提下，圍繞國(guó)家和地方經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展規(guī)劃部署，堅(jiān)持把地方所需、群眾所盼和部隊(duì)所能結(jié)合起來(lái)，充分利用人才、裝備、技術(shù)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等方面的資源和優(yōu)勢(shì)，積極支援地方基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施重點(diǎn)工程、生態(tài)環(huán)境建設(shè)和社會(huì)主義新農(nóng)村建設(shè)，扎實(shí)做好扶貧幫困、助學(xué)興教、醫(yī)療扶持等工作，為促進(jìn)地方經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、社會(huì)和諧、民生改善作出重要貢獻(xiàn)。
Under the precondition of accomplishing such tasks as education, training, combat readiness duties, and scientific research and experiments, the PLA and PAPF center their efforts on national and local plans and arrangements for economic and social development; persist in combining PLA and PAPF capabilities with local governments' needs and local people's expectations; make full use of their resources and advantages in personnel, equipment, technology and infrastructure; actively support local key infrastructure projects, ecological environment conservation and new socialist rural area development; and take solid steps to support poverty-alleviation initiatives, give financial aid to education and provide medical service support. They thereby make significant contributions to promoting local economic development, social harmony and the improvement of people's livelihood.
援建基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施重點(diǎn)工程。發(fā)揮水電、交通、工程、測(cè)繪等專(zhuān)業(yè)部隊(duì)的優(yōu)勢(shì)，支援國(guó)家和各地交通、水利、能源、通信等關(guān)系國(guó)計(jì)民生的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。２０１１年以來(lái)，共投入勞動(dòng)日１５００多萬(wàn)個(gè)，動(dòng)用機(jī)械車(chē)輛１２０多萬(wàn)臺(tái)次，援建機(jī)場(chǎng)、公路、鐵路、水利樞紐等省以上重點(diǎn)工程３５０多項(xiàng)。武警水電部隊(duì)先后參加云南糯扎渡、四川錦屏、西藏旁多等水利水電和鐵路、天然氣管道工程建設(shè)１１５項(xiàng)。武警交通部隊(duì)承建新疆天山公路、甘肅洛塘河特大雙層橋梁、西藏墨脫公路嘎隆拉隧道等１７２個(gè)項(xiàng)目，建設(shè)里程３２５０公里。
Supporting key infrastructure projects. China's armed forces bring into full play the advantages of hydroelectric, transportation, engineering and cartographic units, and support national and local infrastructure construction related to national economy and people's livelihood in such areas as transportation, water conservancy, energy and communications. Since 2011, the PLA and PAPF have contributed more than 15 million work days and over 1.2 million motor vehicles and machines, and have been involved in more than 350 major province-level (and above) projects of building airports, highways, railways and water conservancy facilities. The PAPF hydroelectric units have partaken in the construction of 115 projects concerning water conservancy, hydropower, railways and gas pipelines in Nuozhadu (Yunnan), Jinping (Sichuan) and Pangduo (Tibet). In addition, PAPF transportation units have undertaken the construction of 172 projects, including highways in the Tianshan Mountains in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the double-deck viaduct bridge over the Luotang River in Gansu Province and the Galungla Tunnel along the Medog Highway in the Tibet Autonomous Region, with a total length of 3,250 km.
參加生態(tài)建設(shè)和環(huán)境保護(hù)。成建制組織部隊(duì)和民兵預(yù)備役人員參加荒山綠化、防沙治沙、濕地生態(tài)保護(hù)等工作，支援京津風(fēng)沙源治理、環(huán)塔克拉瑪干沙漠綠化、長(zhǎng)江黃河中上游生態(tài)保護(hù)、西藏“一江兩河”治理等國(guó)家重點(diǎn)生態(tài)區(qū)和生態(tài)工程建設(shè)。兩年來(lái)，共植樹(shù)１４００多萬(wàn)株，成片造林、飛播造林和綠化荒山荒灘３００多萬(wàn)畝。測(cè)繪、氣象、給水等技術(shù)部隊(duì)還為地方提供大地勘測(cè)、氣象水文預(yù)報(bào)、水源探測(cè)等服務(wù)。
Promoting ecological progress and protecting the environment. The PLA, militia and reserve organic troops are organized to help afforest barren hills, control desertification and preserve wetlands. Specifically, they have supported the construction of key national reserves and ecological engineering projects such as controlling the sources of sandstorms affecting Beijing and Tianjin, afforesting the periphery of the Taklimakan Desert, protecting the ecological environment of the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtse and Yellow rivers, and harnessing the Yarlung Zangbo, Lhasa and Nyangqu rivers in Tibet. Over the past two years, the PLA and PAPF have planted over 14 million trees, and afforested above three million mu of barren hills and beaches by large-scale planting and aerial seeding. Besides, technical units specializing in cartography, meteorology, and water supply provide such services as cartographic surveying, weather and hydrological forecasting, and water source exploration for local people.
扶貧幫困和支援新農(nóng)村建設(shè)。各部隊(duì)先后與６３個(gè)貧困縣、５４７個(gè)貧困鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)建立幫扶關(guān)系，共建立扶貧聯(lián)系點(diǎn)２．６萬(wàn)個(gè)，支援農(nóng)田水利、鄉(xiāng)村道路、小流域治理等小型工程建設(shè)２萬(wàn)多個(gè)，扶持發(fā)展優(yōu)勢(shì)特色產(chǎn)業(yè)１０００多項(xiàng)，幫助４０多萬(wàn)貧困群眾脫貧致富。北京軍區(qū)給水工程團(tuán)先后在云南、廣西、山東、河北、內(nèi)蒙古、貴州等地支援地方找水打井，共打井３５８眼，解決了９６萬(wàn)人生活用水及８．５萬(wàn)畝農(nóng)田灌溉用水問(wèn)題。蘭州軍區(qū)給水工程團(tuán)實(shí)施“百井支農(nóng)富民”工程，在寧夏中南部干旱帶找水打井１９２眼，緩解了３９萬(wàn)人、５７萬(wàn)頭牲畜飲水和３．７萬(wàn)畝農(nóng)田灌溉用水問(wèn)題。
Contributing to poverty-alleviation initiatives and helping build new rural areas. The PLA and PAPF have paired up with 63 poverty-stricken counties and 547 poverty-stricken towns and townships; set up 26,000 places of contact for poverty reduction; supported over 20,000 small projects such as constructing irrigation and water-conservancy facilities, building rural roads, and improving small river valley areas; aided the development of more than 1,000 industries; and helped over 400,000 needy people shake off poverty. The Beijing Military Area Command's water-supply engineering regiment has helped local governments to search for water and dig wells in Yunnan, Shandong, Hebei and Guizhou provinces, as well as the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and dug 358 wells, solving the domestic water shortage for 960,000 people and the problem of irrigation for 85,000 mu of farmland.
Implementing the project of "digging wells to enrich farmers," the Lanzhou Military Area Command's water-supply engineering regiment has explored water sources and dug 192 wells in the arid zone in the middle and southern parts of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and alleviated drinking water shortages for 390,000 people and 570,000 head of livestock and the problem of irrigation for 37,000 mu of farmland.
支持科技教育文化衛(wèi)生事業(yè)。２０１１─２０１２年，軍隊(duì)院校、科研單位和專(zhuān)業(yè)技術(shù)部隊(duì)共承擔(dān)國(guó)家重大專(zhuān)項(xiàng)、科技支撐計(jì)劃等課題研究２００多項(xiàng)，參與科技攻關(guān)２２０項(xiàng)，轉(zhuǎn)讓科技成果１８０項(xiàng)。軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)１０８所醫(yī)院對(duì)口支援西部貧困地區(qū)縣級(jí)醫(yī)院１３０所，軍以下醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生單位對(duì)口幫扶鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)衛(wèi)生院（所）１２８３個(gè)。２００９—２０１２年，在新疆、西藏等西部少數(shù)民族地區(qū)集中援建“八一愛(ài)民學(xué)?！保担匪?，解決了３萬(wàn)多名學(xué)生入學(xué)問(wèn)題。
Supporting scientific and technological, educational, cultural and health undertakings.
From 2011 to 2012, military academies, research institutions and specialized technical units undertook more than 200 research subjects, including national major projects and key technology R&D programs; participated in 220 projects tackling key scientific and technological problems; and transferred 180 technologies.
A total of 108 PLA and PAPF hospitals have paired up with 130 county-level hospitals in poverty-stricken areas in the western parts of the country, while medical and health units below the corps level have paired up with 1,283 clinics and health centers in towns and townships.
From 2009 to 2012, the armed forces financed and built 57 "August 1" schools, particularly in areas inhabited by ethnic minorities in the western parts of the country, such as Xinjiang and Tibet, providing schooling for over 30,000 children.
參加搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)
Participating in Emergency Rescue and Disaster Relief
中國(guó)是世界上自然災(zāi)害最為嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家之一，災(zāi)害種類(lèi)多，分布地域廣，發(fā)生頻率高，給國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)和人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全帶來(lái)嚴(yán)重危害。中國(guó)武裝力量始終是搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)的突擊力量，承擔(dān)最緊急、最艱難、最危險(xiǎn)的救援任務(wù)。依據(jù)２００５年頒布的《軍隊(duì)參加搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)條例》，軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)主要擔(dān)負(fù)解救、轉(zhuǎn)移或者疏散受困人員，保護(hù)重要目標(biāo)安全，搶救、運(yùn)送重要物資，參加道路（橋梁、隧道）搶修、海上搜救、核生化救援、疫情控制、醫(yī)療救護(hù)等專(zhuān)業(yè)搶險(xiǎn)，排除或者控制其他危重險(xiǎn)情、災(zāi)情，協(xié)助地方人民政府開(kāi)展災(zāi)后重建工作等任務(wù)。
China is one of the countries most vulnerable to natural disasters. With more varieties, wide distribution and high frequency, natural disasters endanger China's economic and social development as well as the lives and property of many Chinese people.
The armed forces of China have always acted as the shock force in emergency rescue and disaster relief, and always undertaken the most urgent, arduous and hazardous rescue tasks.
According to the Regulations on the PLA's Participation in Disaster Rescue promulgated in 2005, the PLA and PAPF are mainly tasked with rescuing and evacuating the trapped; ensuring the security of important facilities and areas; salvaging and transporting important materials; participating in specialized operations such as rush repairs of roads, bridges and tunnels, maritime search and rescue, NBC rescue, epidemic control, and medical aid; eliminating or controlling other major dangers and disasters; and assisting local governments in post-disaster reconstruction.
軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)與各級(jí)人民政府建立完善應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害軍地協(xié)調(diào)聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制，建成戰(zhàn)略級(jí)移動(dòng)應(yīng)急指揮平臺(tái)，在重點(diǎn)地區(qū)預(yù)儲(chǔ)預(yù)置搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)急需物資器材，編制修訂團(tuán)以上部隊(duì)搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)應(yīng)急預(yù)案，組織軍地?fù)岆U(xiǎn)救災(zāi)聯(lián)訓(xùn)聯(lián)演，全面提高搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)能力。目前，已組建抗洪搶險(xiǎn)應(yīng)急部隊(duì)、地震災(zāi)害緊急救援隊(duì)、核生化應(yīng)急救援隊(duì)、空中緊急運(yùn)輸服務(wù)隊(duì)、交通電力應(yīng)急搶險(xiǎn)隊(duì)、海上應(yīng)急搜救隊(duì)、應(yīng)急機(jī)動(dòng)通信保障隊(duì)、醫(yī)療防疫救援隊(duì)、氣象保障應(yīng)急專(zhuān)業(yè)隊(duì)等９類(lèi)５萬(wàn)人的國(guó)家級(jí)應(yīng)急專(zhuān)業(yè)力量。各軍區(qū)會(huì)同有關(guān)?。ㄗ灾螀^(qū)、直轄市），依托現(xiàn)役和預(yù)備役部隊(duì)組建４．５萬(wàn)人的省級(jí)應(yīng)急專(zhuān)業(yè)力量。
The PLA, PAPF and people's governments at various levels have established military-civilian joint response mechanisms for natural disasters, set up a mobile command platform for emergency response at the strategic level, pre-stored and pre-positioned in key areas materials and equipment urgently needed for emergency rescue and disaster relief, worked out relevant scenarios for units at and above the regiment level, and organized joint military-civilian exercises and training, thereby enhancing their capabilities for emergency rescue and disaster relief in all respects.
So far, China has formed nine state-level professional teams, with a total membership of 50,000.
They are emergency-response teams for flood relief, earthquake rescue, NBC defense, emergency airlift, rush repair of transportation and power facilities, maritime search and rescue, mobile communications support, medical aid and epidemic prevention, and meteorological support. In collaboration with relevant provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the central government) and based on active and reserve forces, all MACs have joined to set up professional emergency-rescue units at the provincial level, totaling 45,000 members.
中國(guó)武裝力量在歷次重大搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)中，都發(fā)揮了生力軍和突擊隊(duì)作用。２００８年，出動(dòng)１２６萬(wàn)名官兵和民兵預(yù)備役人員抗擊南方嚴(yán)重低溫雨雪冰凍災(zāi)害，２２．１萬(wàn)人參加四川汶川特大地震抗震救災(zāi)。２０１０年，投入２．１萬(wàn)人參加青海玉樹(shù)強(qiáng)烈地震抗震救災(zāi)，１．２萬(wàn)人參加甘肅舟曲特大山洪泥石流災(zāi)害搶險(xiǎn)救援。２０１１年以來(lái)，軍隊(duì)和武警部隊(duì)共出動(dòng)兵力３７萬(wàn)人，各型車(chē)輛（機(jī)械）１９．７萬(wàn)臺(tái)次、飛機(jī)和直升機(jī)２２５架次，組織民兵預(yù)備役人員８７萬(wàn)人，參加抗洪、抗震、抗旱、防凌、防臺(tái)風(fēng)和滅火等搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)行動(dòng)，搶救轉(zhuǎn)移群眾２４５萬(wàn)人，搶運(yùn)物資１６萬(wàn)噸。陸軍航空兵直升機(jī)每年出動(dòng)數(shù)百架次擔(dān)負(fù)森林和草原防火、救火任務(wù)，并實(shí)現(xiàn)常態(tài)化。
In all major emergency-rescue and disaster-relief operations, China's armed forces have always played a vital role.
In 2008, some 1.26 million officers and men as well as militia members were sent to counter the disaster of freezing weather, sleet and snowstorms in southern China, and 221,000 to participate in rescue after the devastating earthquake in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province. In 2010, some 21,000 and 12,000 armed forces members were dispatched respectively to take part in rescue after the Yushu (Qinghai Province) earthquake and the Zhouqu (Gansu Province) mud-rock slide.
Since 2011, the PLA and PAPF have contributed a total of 370,000 servicepersons and 197,000 vehicles or other machines of various types, flown over 225 sorties (using fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters), organized 870,000 militiamen and reservists, participated in emergency-rescue and disaster-relief operations in cases of floods, earthquakes, droughts, ice jams, typhoons and fires, rescued or evacuated more than 2.45 million people, and rushed 160,000 tons of goods to disaster areas.
Every year, the army aviation flies hundreds of sorties to prevent and fight forest and grassland fires on a regular basis.
維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定
Maintaining Social Stability
中國(guó)武裝力量依照法律法規(guī)參加維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序行動(dòng)，防范和打擊恐怖活動(dòng)。武警部隊(duì)是國(guó)家處置公共突發(fā)事件、維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的骨干和突擊力量。２００９年８月頒布實(shí)施的《中華人民共和國(guó)人民武裝警察法》，明確了武警部隊(duì)執(zhí)行安全保衛(wèi)任務(wù)的范圍、措施和保障辦法。武警部隊(duì)構(gòu)建以機(jī)動(dòng)兵力為主體、以執(zhí)勤部隊(duì)抽組兵力為補(bǔ)充、以警種部隊(duì)和院校兵力為支援的處突維穩(wěn)力量體系，完善以國(guó)家級(jí)反恐隊(duì)、省級(jí)特勤中隊(duì)、市級(jí)特勤排、縣級(jí)應(yīng)急班為主體的四級(jí)反恐力量體系。扎實(shí)做好重大活動(dòng)安保工作，嚴(yán)格執(zhí)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)警衛(wèi)、人員安檢、重要目標(biāo)守衛(wèi)、要道設(shè)卡和城市武裝巡邏等任務(wù)。２０１１─２０１２年，有效應(yīng)對(duì)和處置各類(lèi)突發(fā)事件，配合公安機(jī)關(guān)成功處置多起暴力恐怖襲擊事件，參與處置劫持人質(zhì)等嚴(yán)重暴力事件６８起，解救人質(zhì)６２人。先后完成第２６屆世界大學(xué)生夏季運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)、中國(guó)—亞歐博覽會(huì)、上海合作組織北京峰會(huì)等重大活動(dòng)安保任務(wù)，累計(jì)用兵１６０多萬(wàn)人次。
In accordance with relevant laws and regulations, the armed forces of China participate in social order maintenance, and guard and fight against terrorist activities.
The PAPF is the state's backbone and shock force in handling public emergencies and maintaining social stability.
The Law of the People's Republic of China on the People's Armed Police Force, promulgated in August 2009, specifies the scope, measures and support of PAPF security missions.
With mobile PAPF troops as the mainstay, supplemented by forces pooled from routine duty units, and supported by various police forces and PAPF academies, the PAPF has established a force structure for stability maintenance and emergency response.
In addition, a counter-terrorism force structure has been set up, which consists of a counter-terrorism contingent, special-duty squadrons, special-duty platoons and emergency-response squads at state, province, municipality and county levels, respectively. Solid steps have been taken to implement strict security measures for major events, including guard duties, security checks, security of important facilities and areas, checkpoints on major roads, and armed urban patrols. From 2011 to 2012, the PAPF effectively responded to and handled various emergencies, coordinated with public security organs to successfully handle some violent and terrorist attacks, and participated in handling 68 incidents of serious violence, and rescuing 62 hostages.
Altogether contributing more than 1.6 million persons, the PAPF has provided security for such important events as the 26th Summer Universiade (Shenzhen, 2011), China-Eurasia Expo (Urumqi, 2011) and Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) Beijing Summit (2012).
人民解放軍派出相關(guān)力量協(xié)助公安、武警部隊(duì)完成重大活動(dòng)安保任務(wù)。陸軍主要承擔(dān)防范恐怖活動(dòng)、核化生爆檢測(cè)、醫(yī)療救援等任務(wù)，海軍主要承擔(dān)排除水域安全隱患、防范來(lái)自海上恐怖襲擊等任務(wù)，空軍主要承擔(dān)保衛(wèi)重大活動(dòng)舉辦地和周邊地區(qū)空中安全等任務(wù)。近年來(lái)，人民解放軍先后參加北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)、國(guó)慶６０周年慶典、上海世博會(huì)、廣州亞運(yùn)會(huì)等重大活動(dòng)的安保行動(dòng)，共出動(dòng)兵力１４．５萬(wàn)人，動(dòng)用飛機(jī)和直升機(jī)３６５架、艦船１４８艘、雷達(dá)５５４部。
The PLA also assists public security and PAPF forces in providing security for major events. The PLAA is mainly tasked with counter-terrorism, NBC and explosive item checks, and medical aid.
The PLAN is mainly responsible for guarding against potential maritime threats and terrorist attacks. The PLAAF is mainly charged with providing air security for major event venues and their adjacent areas. In recent years, contributing 145,000 servicepersons, 365 fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, 148 ships and 554 sets of radar equipment, the PLA provided security for the Beijing Olympics, celebrations of the PRC's 60th founding anniversary, Shanghai World Expo and Guangzhou Asian Games.
民兵是維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的一支重要力量，按照法律規(guī)定協(xié)助維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序，在地方黨委、政府的統(tǒng)一部署和軍事機(jī)關(guān)的指揮下，參加治安聯(lián)防、社會(huì)管理綜合治理、重大活動(dòng)安保等行動(dòng)。每年有９萬(wàn)多人執(zhí)行守護(hù)橋梁、隧道和鐵路線(xiàn)等任務(wù)。
The militia is an important force for maintaining social stability. It assists in the maintenance of social order in accordance with laws and regulations.
Under the unified arrangements of local CPC committees and governments as well as the guidance of corresponding military organs, the militia participates in joint defense of public security, integrated social management, and security provision for major events. Each year, more than 90,000 militiamen carry out the task of guarding bridges, tunnels and railways.
駐香港、澳門(mén)部隊(duì)是中央人民政府派駐香港、澳門(mén)特別行政區(qū)的部隊(duì)，依法履行防務(wù)職責(zé)。香港、澳門(mén)駐軍法規(guī)定，特區(qū)政府在必要時(shí)可以向中央人民政府請(qǐng)求駐軍協(xié)助維持社會(huì)治安和救助災(zāi)害。駐香港、澳門(mén)部隊(duì)適時(shí)組織聯(lián)合?？昭策壓湍甓妊萘?xí)演練活動(dòng)，參與特區(qū)政府組織的海上空難搜救聯(lián)合演習(xí)，圓滿(mǎn)完成北京奧運(yùn)會(huì)香港賽區(qū)及香港、澳門(mén)回歸慶典活動(dòng)安保任務(wù)。
Hong Kong and Macao garrison troops are dispatched by the central government to the two special administrative regions (SARs) to perform defense duties according to law.
As stipulated by the garrison laws, the governments of Hong Kong and Macao SARs may, if necessary, request the central government for the assistance of the garrison troops in maintaining social order and providing disaster relief.
Hong Kong and Macao garrison troops organize joint air-sea patrols, conduct annual exercises and drills, and participate in joint exercises held by the SAR governments for air-sea search and rescue operations.
They succeeded in providing security for the Hong Kong venue of the Beijing Olympics (2008) and anniversary celebrations of the SARs' returning to the motherland.
維護(hù)海洋權(quán)益
V. Safeguarding Maritime Rights and Interests
中國(guó)是陸海兼?zhèn)涞拇髧?guó)，海洋是中國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要空間和資源保障，關(guān)系人民福祉，關(guān)乎國(guó)家未來(lái)。開(kāi)發(fā)、利用和保護(hù)海洋，建設(shè)海洋強(qiáng)國(guó)，是國(guó)家重要發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。堅(jiān)決維護(hù)國(guó)家海洋權(quán)益，是人民解放軍的重要職責(zé)。
China is a major maritime as well as land country. The seas and oceans provide immense space and abundant resources for China's sustainable development, and thus are of vital importance to the people's wellbeing and China's future.
It is an essential national development strategy to exploit, utilize and protect the seas and oceans, and build China into a maritime power. It is an important duty for the PLA to resolutely safeguard China's maritime rights and interests.
海軍結(jié)合日常戰(zhàn)備為國(guó)家海上執(zhí)法、漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)和油氣開(kāi)發(fā)等活動(dòng)提供安全保障，分別與海監(jiān)、漁政等執(zhí)法部門(mén)建立協(xié)調(diào)配合機(jī)制，建立完善軍警民聯(lián)防機(jī)制。協(xié)同地方有關(guān)部門(mén)開(kāi)展海洋測(cè)繪與科學(xué)調(diào)查，建設(shè)海洋氣象監(jiān)測(cè)、衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航、無(wú)線(xiàn)電導(dǎo)航及助航標(biāo)志系統(tǒng)，及時(shí)發(fā)布?xì)庀蠛痛昂叫械认嚓P(guān)信息，建立和完善管轄海域內(nèi)的航行安全保障體系。
In combination with its routine combat readiness activities, the PLAN provides security support for China's maritime law enforcement, fisheries, and oil and gas exploitation. It has established mechanisms to coordinate and cooperate with law-enforcement organs of marine surveillance and fishery administration, as well as a joint military-police-civilian defense mechanism.
Further, the PLAN has worked in coordination with relevant local departments to conduct maritime survey and scientific investigation; build systems of maritime meteorological observation, satellite navigation, radio navigation and navigation aids; release timely weather and sea traffic information; and ensure the safe flow of traffic in sea areas of responsibility.
海軍與海監(jiān)、漁政部門(mén)多次舉行海上聯(lián)合維權(quán)執(zhí)法演習(xí)演練，不斷提高軍地海上聯(lián)合維權(quán)斗爭(zhēng)指揮協(xié)同和應(yīng)急處置能力。２０１２年１０月，在東海海域舉行“東海協(xié)作—２０１２”海上聯(lián)合維權(quán)演習(xí)，共有１１艘艦船、８架飛機(jī)參演。
Together with the marine surveillance and fishery administration departments, the PLAN has conducted joint maritime exercises and drills for protecting rights and enforcing laws, and enhanced its capabilities to coordinate command and respond to emergencies in joint military-civilian operations to safeguard maritime rights.
The "Donghai Collaboration-2012" joint exercise was held in the East China Sea in October 2012, involving 11 ships and eight planes.
公安邊防部隊(duì)作為海上重要武裝執(zhí)法力量，對(duì)發(fā)生在我國(guó)內(nèi)水、領(lǐng)海、毗連區(qū)、專(zhuān)屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)和大陸架違反公安行政管理法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章的違法行為或者涉嫌犯罪的行為行使管轄權(quán)。近年來(lái)，公安邊防部隊(duì)大力開(kāi)展平安海區(qū)建設(shè)，加強(qiáng)北部灣海上邊界和西沙海域巡邏監(jiān)管，有效維護(hù)了海上治安穩(wěn)定。
As an important armed maritime law-enforcement body, the border public security force exercises jurisdiction over both violations of laws, rules and regulations relating to public security administration and suspected crimes committed in China's internal waters, territorial seas, contiguous zones, exclusive economic zones and continental shelf.
In recent years, the border public security force has endeavored to guarantee the security of sea areas, strengthened patrols, surveillance and management along the sea boundary in the Beibu Gulf and around the Xisha sea areas, and effectively maintained maritime public order and stability.
維護(hù)海外利益
Protecting Overseas Interests
隨著中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)逐步融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)體系，海外利益已經(jīng)成為中國(guó)國(guó)家利益的重要組成部分，海外能源資源、海上戰(zhàn)略通道以及海外公民、法人的安全問(wèn)題日益凸顯。開(kāi)展海上護(hù)航、撤離海外公民、應(yīng)急救援等海外行動(dòng)，成為人民解放軍維護(hù)國(guó)家利益和履行國(guó)際義務(wù)的重要方式。
With the gradual integration of China's economy into the world economic system, overseas interests have become an integral component of China's national interests.
Security issues are increasingly prominent, involving overseas energy and resources, strategic sea lines of communication (SLOCs), and Chinese nationals and legal persons overseas.
Vessel protection at sea, evacuation of Chinese nationals overseas, and emergency rescue have become important ways and means for the PLA to safeguard national interests and fulfill China's international obligations.
根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)安理會(huì)有關(guān)決議并經(jīng)索馬里過(guò)渡聯(lián)邦政府同意，中國(guó)政府于２００８年１２月２６日派遣海軍艦艇編隊(duì)赴亞丁灣、索馬里海域?qū)嵤┳o(hù)航。主要任務(wù)是保護(hù)中國(guó)航經(jīng)該海域的船舶、人員安全，保護(hù)世界糧食計(jì)劃署等國(guó)際組織運(yùn)送人道主義物資船舶的安全，并盡可能為航經(jīng)該海域的外國(guó)船舶提供安全掩護(hù)。截至２０１２年１２月，共派出１３批３４艘次艦艇、２８架次直升機(jī)、９１０名特戰(zhàn)隊(duì)員，完成５３２批４９８４艘中外船舶護(hù)航任務(wù)，其中中國(guó)大陸１５１０艘、香港地區(qū)９４０艘、臺(tái)灣地區(qū)７４艘、澳門(mén)地區(qū)１艘；營(yíng)救遭海盜登船襲擊的中國(guó)船舶２艘，解救被海盜追擊的中國(guó)船舶２２艘。
In line with the relevant resolutions of the United Nations Security Council (UNSC), and with the consent of the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia, the Chinese government dispatched a combined naval task force to conduct escort operations in the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia on December 26, 2008.
The combined Chinese task forces are mainly charged with safeguarding the security of Chinese ships and personnel traversing those waters and the security of ships delivering humanitarian supplies for the World Food Programme (WFP) and other international organizations, and sheltering passing foreign vessels as far as possible.
As of December 2012, the Chinese Navy has dispatched, in 13 task groups, 34 warships, 28 helicopters, and 910 Special Operations Force (SOF) soldiers, escorting 4,984 ships in 532 batches. Among them, 1,510 were Chinese mainland ships, 940 Hong Kong ships, 74 Taiwan ships and one Macao ship. The task forces also rescued two Chinese ships from pirates who had boarded them and 22 which were being chased by pirates.
２０１１年２月，利比亞局勢(shì)急劇動(dòng)蕩，在利比亞的中資機(jī)構(gòu)、企業(yè)和人員面臨重大安全威脅。中國(guó)政府組織了新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)最大規(guī)模的撤離海外公民行動(dòng)，共撤出３５８６０人。人民解放軍派出艦艇、飛機(jī)協(xié)助在利比亞人員回國(guó)。海軍執(zhí)行亞丁灣、索馬里海域護(hù)航任務(wù)的“徐州”號(hào)導(dǎo)彈護(hù)衛(wèi)艦赴利比亞附近海域，為撤離中國(guó)受困人員的船舶提供支援和保護(hù)?？哲娋o急出動(dòng)飛機(jī)４架，共飛行４０架次，協(xié)助１６５５名受困人員（含２４０名尼泊爾人）從利比亞轉(zhuǎn)移至蘇丹，接運(yùn)２８７人從蘇丹回國(guó)。
In February 2011, the turbulent situation in Libya posed grave security threats to Chinese institutions, enterprises and nationals in that country.
The Chinese government organized the largest overseas evacuation since the founding of the PRC, and 35,860 Chinese nationals were taken home. The PLA contributed ships and aircraft to the effort. The Chinese Navy' s frigate Xuzhou, on escort mission in the Gulf of Aden and waters off Somalia at that time, sailed to the waters off Libya and provided support for ships evacuating Chinese nationals stranded there. The PLAAF sent four aircraft at short notice, flew 40 sorties, evacuated 1,655 people (including 240 Nepalese) from Libya to Sudan, and took 287 Chinese nationals from Sudan back home.
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