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聯(lián)合國秘書長潘基文7月7日發(fā)布《2014年聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)報告》并表示，許多關(guān)鍵目標(biāo)已達(dá)成或觸手可及，但在改善產(chǎn)婦保健、普及小學(xué)教育、環(huán)境可持續(xù)性發(fā)展方面的一些具體目標(biāo)將無法實現(xiàn)。
At the turn of the century, world leaders came together at the United Nations and agreed on a bold vision for the future through the Millennium Declaration. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) were a pledge to uphold the principles of human dignity, equality and equity, and free the world from extreme poverty. The MDGs, with eight goals and a set of measurable timebound targets, established a blueprint for tackling the most pressing development challenges of our time.
世紀(jì)之交，全球領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人聚首聯(lián)合國，通過《聯(lián)合國千年宣言》為未來達(dá)成了一個宏大的愿景。千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)正是一個維護(hù)人類尊嚴(yán)、平等和公正，以及幫助世界擺脫極端貧困的承諾。千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的8個目標(biāo)和一整套有時限性的具體目標(biāo)，為處理當(dāng)前最為緊迫的發(fā)展挑戰(zhàn)構(gòu)建了藍(lán)圖。
This report examines the latest progress towards achieving the MDGs. It reaffirms that the MDGs have made a profound difference in people’s lives. Global poverty has been halved five years ahead of the 2015 timeframe. Ninety per cent of children in developing regions now enjoy primary education, and disparities between boys and girls in enrolment have narrowed. Remarkable gains have also been made in the fight against malaria and tuberculosis, along with improvements in all health indicators. The likelihood of a child dying before age five has been nearly cut in half over the last two decades. That means that about 17,000 children are saved every day. We also met the target of halving the proportion of people who lack access to improved sources of water.
本報告考量了千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)方面的最新進(jìn)展。報告重申千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)給人們的生活帶來了極大的改變。全球貧困人口減半的目標(biāo)已比預(yù)定的2015年提前完成。發(fā)展中地區(qū)90%的兒童正在享受初等教育，男女童入學(xué)率的差距已減小。在與瘧疾和肺結(jié)核作斗爭方面也已取得巨大的成績，各個健康指標(biāo)都有所提高。在過去二十年間，兒童5歲前死亡的可能性減少了近一半。這意味著每天有約17 000名兒童得救。無法獲得改善水源的人口減半的目標(biāo)也已實現(xiàn)。
The concerted efforts of national governments, the international community, civil society and the private sector have helped expand hope and opportunity for people around the world. But more needs to be done to accelerate progress. We need bolder and focused action where significant gaps and disparities exist.
各國的政府、國際社會、民間團(tuán)體和私營部門齊心努力，幫助拓寬了世界人民的希望和機(jī)會。但要加快進(jìn)展，仍需做更多的事情。對于存在巨大缺口和差距的方面，我們需要付出更加大膽和專注的行動。
Member States are now fully engaged in discussions to define Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which will serve as the core of a universal post-2015 development agenda. Our efforts to achieve the MDGs are a critical building block towards establishing a stable foundation for our development efforts beyond 2015.
Ban Ki-moon
Secretary-General, United Nations
目前，各成員國都充分參與討論，來制定可持續(xù)發(fā)展目標(biāo)，這一目標(biāo)將成為2015年后世界發(fā)展日程的核心。我們?yōu)閷崿F(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)所付出的努力是為2015年后的發(fā)展奠定堅實基礎(chǔ)的一塊關(guān)鍵基石。
聯(lián)合國秘書長
潘基文
Overview
Fourteen years ago, the Millennium Declaration articulated a bold vision and established concrete targets for improving the existence of many and for saving the lives of those threatened by disease and hunger. There has been important progress across all goals, with some targets already having been met well ahead of the 2015 deadline. All stakeholders will have to intensify and focus their efforts on the areas where advancement has been too slow and has not reached all.
概 要
十四年前，千年宣言明確提出了一個大膽的愿景，為改善人們的生存條件、挽救受疾病和饑餓威脅人們的生命設(shè)定了具體的目標(biāo)。迄今為止，各個目標(biāo)都已取得重要的進(jìn)展，其中一些具體目標(biāo)已在2015年前實現(xiàn)。所有的利益攸關(guān)方都要加大努力，將重點放在進(jìn)展過于緩慢和尚未完全實現(xiàn)的方面。
Several MDG targets have been met
千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)的幾個具體目標(biāo)已實現(xiàn)
?? The world has reduced extreme poverty by half
In 1990, almost half of the population in developing regions lived on less than $1.25 a day. This rate dropped to 22 per cent by 2010, reducing the number of people living in extreme poverty by 700 million.
?? 全球極度貧困人口已減半
1990年，發(fā)展中地區(qū)幾乎有一半的人口依靠每日低于1.25美元維生。截至2010年，這一比率已降至22%，極度貧困人數(shù)減少了7億。
?? Efforts in the fight against malaria and tuberculosis have shown results
Between 2000 and 2012, an estimated 3.3 million deaths from malaria were averted due to the substantial expansion of malaria interventions. About 90 per cent of those averted deaths—3 million—were children under the age of five living in sub-Saharan Africa. The intensive efforts to fight tuberculosis have saved an estimated 22 million lives worldwide since 1995. If the trends continue, the world will reach the MDG targets on malaria and tuberculosis.
?? 在與瘧疾和肺結(jié)核的斗爭中取得了顯著的成績
2000年至2012年期間，瘧疾干預(yù)措施的實質(zhì)性擴(kuò)展挽救了約330萬瘧疾患者的生命。約90%（300萬）的被挽救患者是居住在撒哈拉以南非洲的5歲以下兒童。自1995年以來，抗擊肺結(jié)核的集中努力挽救了全球約2 200萬人的生命。如果繼續(xù)保持這個趨勢，全球有望實現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)在瘧疾和肺結(jié)核方面的具體目標(biāo)。
?? Access to an improved drinking water source became a reality for 2.3 billion people
The target of halving the proportion of people without access to an improved drinking water source was achieved in 2010, five years ahead of schedule. In 2012, 89 per cent of the world’s population had access to an improved source, up from 76 per cent in 1990. Over 2.3 billion people gained access to an improved source of drinking water between 1990 and 2012.
?? 對于23億人來說，取用改善的水源已成為現(xiàn)實
將無法獲得改善的水源的人口比例減半的具體目標(biāo)已經(jīng)在2010年實現(xiàn)，比計劃提前5年。2012年，全球89%的人口獲得了改善的水源，比1990年的76%有所增長。1990年至2012年期間，有超過23億人獲得了改善的飲用水源。
?? Disparities in primary school enrolment between boys and girls are being eliminated in all developing regions
Substantial gains have been made towards reaching gender parity in school enrolment at all levels of education in all developing regions. By 2012, all developing regions have achieved, or were close to achieving, gender parity in primary education.
?? 發(fā)展中地區(qū)男女童小學(xué)入學(xué)率的不均等正在消除
所有的發(fā)展中地區(qū)，在實現(xiàn)各個教育等級的男女童入學(xué)率平等方面都已取得實質(zhì)成績。截至2012年，所有的發(fā)展中地區(qū)都已實現(xiàn)或接近實現(xiàn)小學(xué)教育的性別均等。
?? The political participation of women has continued to increase
In January 2014, 46 countries boasted having more than 30 per cent female members of parliament in at least one chamber. More women are now holding some of the so-called “hard” ministerial portfolios—such as Defence, Foreign Affairs and the Environment.
?? 女性參與政治的比例繼續(xù)上升
2014年1月，在46個國家中，女性在國家議會至少一個議院中有30%以上的席位?，F(xiàn)在有更多的女性掌管一些諸如國防、外交和環(huán)境等方面的所謂“硬”的部長職責(zé)。
?? Development assistance rebounded, the trading system stayed favourable for developing countries and their debt burden remained low
Official development assistance stood at $134.8 billion in 2013, the highest level ever recorded, after two years of declining volumes. However, aid is shifting away from the poorest countries. 80 per cent of imports from developing countries entered developed countries duty-free and tariffs remained at an all-time low. The debt burden of developing countries remained stable at about 3 per cent of export revenue.
?? 發(fā)展援助回升，貿(mào)易體系繼續(xù)有利于發(fā)展中國家，其債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)仍保持低水平
2013年，官方發(fā)展援助金額為1 348億美元，經(jīng)過兩年的下降期后達(dá)到有記錄以來最高。盡管如此，援助在轉(zhuǎn)離最貧困國家。發(fā)展中國家向發(fā)達(dá)國家出口的80%的商品免稅，關(guān)稅也保持最低點。發(fā)展中國家的債務(wù)負(fù)擔(dān)穩(wěn)定在出口收入的3%左右。
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