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It has been another busy year for Chinese President Xi Jinping. Important speeches he made in conferences, investigations and state visits set the tone for China's reform,development agenda and diplomacy. Let's have a look at some of the new terms he used in 2015 that have the most influence.
2015年,習(xí)近平依然很忙:開會(huì)、調(diào)研、出訪……他的歷次重要講話,為我國改革、發(fā)展議程和政策定下了整個(gè)基調(diào)。下面,讓我們來回顧盤點(diǎn)一下,2015年,習(xí)近平有哪些新詞影響中國。
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Chinese President Xi Jinping, who is also general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, delivers an important speech at the fifth plenary session of the 18th CPC Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 13, 2015. (Photo/Xinhua) |
【熱詞】政治規(guī)矩 Political discipline and rules
Political discipline and rules exist to enable CPC cadres to defend the authority of the CPC Central Committee. Cadres must follow these rules, aligning themselves with the committee in deed and thought, at all times and in any situation.
領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部應(yīng)以政治規(guī)矩自覺維護(hù)黨中央權(quán)威。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部必須遵守政治規(guī)矩,在任何情況下都應(yīng)時(shí)刻,言行思想都應(yīng)與黨中央一致。
【背景】2015年1月13日,在十八屆中央紀(jì)委第五次全會(huì)上,習(xí)近平在講話中提出了“政治規(guī)矩”一詞,由此這一提法走進(jìn)了公眾視野并受到社會(huì)廣泛關(guān)注。習(xí)近平在講話中十余次提及“規(guī)矩”一詞。他強(qiáng)調(diào),黨章(Party's Constitution)是全黨必須遵循的總章程,也是總規(guī)矩。黨的紀(jì)律是剛性約束,政治紀(jì)律更是全黨在政治方向(political orientation)、政治立場(chǎng)(political stance)、政治言論(political views )、政治行動(dòng)(political actions)方面必須遵守的剛性約束。國家法律是黨員、干部必須遵守的規(guī)矩。黨在長期實(shí)踐中形成的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)和工作慣例也是重要的黨內(nèi)規(guī)矩。
【熱詞】鄉(xiāng)土味道 Rural flavor
The new rural construction should conform to the reality and law of development in rural areas. The rural flavor and landscape should be retained, and the natural environment and local culture protected.
新農(nóng)村建設(shè)一定要走符合農(nóng)村實(shí)際的路子,遵循鄉(xiāng)村自身發(fā)展規(guī)律,充分體現(xiàn)農(nóng)村特點(diǎn),注意鄉(xiāng)土味道,保留鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)貌,留得住青山綠水,記得住鄉(xiāng)愁。
【背景】2015年1月19日至21日,習(xí)近平來到昭通、大理、昆明等地,看望魯?shù)榈卣馂?zāi)區(qū)干部群眾,深入企業(yè)、工地、鄉(xiāng)村考察,就災(zāi)后恢復(fù)重建和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展情況進(jìn)行調(diào)研。20日上午,在大理白族自治州大理市灣橋鎮(zhèn)古生村考察時(shí),習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào),新農(nóng)村建設(shè)一定要走符合農(nóng)村實(shí)際的路子,遵循鄉(xiāng)村自身發(fā)展規(guī)律(law of development),充分體現(xiàn)農(nóng)村特點(diǎn),注意鄉(xiāng)土味道,保留鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)貌,留得住青山綠水(green hills and clear waters),記得住鄉(xiāng)愁。
【熱詞】四個(gè)全面 Four comprehensives
The strategy consists of comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society, comprehensively driving reform to a deeper level, comprehensively governing the country in accordance with the law, and comprehensively enforcing strict Party discipline.
全面建成小康社會(huì)是我們的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo),全面深化改革、全面依法治國、全面從嚴(yán)治黨是三大戰(zhàn)略舉措。
【背景】2014年12月,習(xí)近平在江蘇調(diào)研考察期間首次將“四個(gè)全面”并提。2015年2月2日,習(xí)近平在省部級(jí)主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部學(xué)習(xí)貫徹十八屆四中全會(huì)(the Forth Plenary Session of the Eighteenth CPC Central Committee)精神全面推進(jìn)依法治國(rule of law)專題研討班開班儀式上集中論述了“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局(comprehensive strategy)的邏輯關(guān)系。這是習(xí)近平首次在正式講話場(chǎng)合集中闡述四者關(guān)系,宣示了“四個(gè)全面”已成為黨中央治國理政的全新布局。
【熱詞】關(guān)鍵少數(shù) Critical minority
We will seize the critical minority of top cadres to promote rule by law across the nation.
全面依法治國必須抓住領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部這個(gè)“關(guān)鍵少數(shù)”。
【背景】2015年2月2日,習(xí)近平在省部級(jí)主要領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部學(xué)習(xí)貫徹十八屆四中全會(huì)精神全面推進(jìn)依法治國專題研討班開班式上強(qiáng)調(diào):“全面依法治國必須抓住領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部這個(gè)‘關(guān)鍵少數(shù)’?!边@是“關(guān)鍵少數(shù)”首次走進(jìn)公眾視線?!叭鎻膰?yán)治黨,關(guān)鍵是要抓住領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部(Party's leaders and senior officials )這個(gè)‘關(guān)鍵少數(shù)’(the key few),堅(jiān)持思想建黨和制度治黨緊密結(jié)合,全方位扎緊制度籠子,更多用制度治黨、管權(quán)、治吏(managing officials)。”3月5日下午,習(xí)近平參加十二屆全國人大三次會(huì)議上海代表團(tuán)審議時(shí)再次提及“關(guān)鍵少數(shù)”。今年兩會(huì)期間,“關(guān)鍵少數(shù)”是曝光率極高的新詞之一。
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