“舉杯邀明月，對(duì)影成三人。”酒自古就是詩(shī)人的摯友，讓他們抒發(fā)自己的曠放豪情，激發(fā)他們無(wú)邊的想象力。今天就向大家介紹西洋酒的基本分類。不過(guò)大家還是要培養(yǎng)好的酒品，對(duì)自己和他人負(fù)責(zé)！

Wines: It is produced after the fermentation process of grape juice is complete. It is said that the longer the aging process, the better it tastes. ABV (alcohol by volume) - 9% to 16%.

葡萄酒：新鮮的葡萄或葡萄汁經(jīng)發(fā)酵釀成的酒精飲料，釀造的時(shí)間越久，口感越好。酒精含量的體積百分比ABV：9%—16%。

Beers: Beer is made after the fermenting and brewing process is done. The use of wheat, corn, barley, and rice is essential to make beer. ABV - 2% to 4%.

啤酒：以大麥芽、酒花、水為主要原料，經(jīng)酵母發(fā)酵作用釀制而成的飽含二氧化碳的低酒精度酒。酒精含量的體積百分比ABV：2%—4%。

Spirits: It is simply a term used to describe unsweetened and distilled alcoholic beverages.

烈酒：用來(lái)描述所有的不經(jīng)甜化和蒸餾的烈性高濃度酒。

Spirits include

Brandy: Short for brandy wine, this is a distilled wine. This drink is usually consumed after dinner. ABV- 30% to 60%.

白蘭地酒：以水果為原料，經(jīng)發(fā)酵、蒸餾制成的酒，通常所稱的白蘭地專指以葡萄為原料，通過(guò)發(fā)酵再蒸餾制成的酒。常在飯后飲用。酒精含量的體積百分比ABV：30%—60%.

Gin: To produce gin, juniper berries and white grain spirit are distilled. ABV - 37% to 40%。

金酒(杜松子酒)：以杜松子果和谷物蒸餾制成。可單獨(dú)飲用，也可調(diào)配雞尾酒，并且是調(diào)配雞尾酒中惟一不可缺少的酒種。酒精含量的體積百分比ABV：37%—40%.

Liqueurs: This spirit is obtained when various flavors like herbs, cream, spices, flowers, and fruits is combined. ABV - 15% to 30%.

利口酒：泛指酒中添加了天然芳香藥，用動(dòng)、植物，并具有一定保健作用的飲料配制甜酒。ABV：15%—30%.

Rum: A distilled alcoholic drink which is produced after the fermentation of sugarcane or molasses is done. ABV - 40% to 55%。

朗姆酒：用甘蔗壓出來(lái)的糖汁，經(jīng)過(guò)發(fā)酵、蒸餾而成。ABV: 40%—55%.

Tequila: The use of a plant, blue agave(found in a town in Mexico) is important to make tequila. The various colors of tequila is obtained due to aging process, method, and time duration. ABV - 35% to 40%。

龍舌蘭酒：龍舌蘭酒又稱“特基拉酒”，是墨西哥的特產(chǎn)，被稱為墨西哥的靈魂。龍舌蘭成熟后割下送至酒廠，再被割成兩半后泡洗24小時(shí)，然后榨出汁來(lái)，汁水加糖送入發(fā)酵柜中發(fā)酵兩天至兩天半，然后經(jīng)兩次蒸餾，陳釀時(shí)間不同，顏色和口味差異很大。ABV: 35%—40%.

Vodka: Again a distilled drink which is transparent (it's clear). Vodka contains purified ethanol and water which at times goes through various stages of distillation. It is fermented from potatoes, wheat or rye, corn, or sugar beet molasses. ABV - 25% to 37%.

伏特加酒：是一種經(jīng)蒸餾處理的酒精飲料，是由水和經(jīng)蒸餾凈化的乙醇所合成的透明液體。在蒸餾過(guò)程中除水和乙醇外亦會(huì)加入馬鈴薯、菜糖漿及黑麥或小麥，如果是制作有味道的伏特加更會(huì)加入適量的調(diào)味料。ABV: 25%—37%.

Whisky: In Gaelic, whisky means "Water of Life". You get whisky after the fermentation process is done which uses wheat, barley, rye, and corn. ABV - 40% to 50%.

威士忌酒：以大麥、黑麥、燕麥、小麥、玉米等谷物為原料，經(jīng)發(fā)酵、蒸餾后放入橡木桶中陳釀、勾兌而成的一種酒精飲料。ABV: 40%—50%.

Cocktail: A cocktail is an alcoholic mixed drink that contains two or more ingredients—at least one of the ingredients must be a spirit.

雞尾酒：雞尾酒是包含兩種或以上酒類的混合酒，其中至少有一種烈酒。

The ABV percentage is pretty high in the drinks made with spirits, which is why they are called hard drinks. So whenever you drink any of these drinks, make sure you do so responsibly.

從左至右分別為：帶手柄啤酒杯、高球杯、雞尾酒杯、白蘭地矮腳杯、香檳杯。

1. Beer Mug 啤酒杯

You put beer in this. Some people put them in the freezer to frost them before use. One glass typically holds 16 oz. of fluid, but there are no rules.

2. Highball Glass 高球杯

It’s a straight-sided glass of varying heights and is what you’re usually given when you order a whiskey and Coke, gin and tonic or other mixed drink.

3. Cocktail Glass (a.k.a. Martini Glass) 雞尾酒杯(又稱為馬提尼酒杯)

The angled, triangular bowl and long stem are unmistakable and is designed to keep the drinker from allowing her or his hands to warm the drink. Of course, after two drinks pretty much everyonecradles the bowl, thereby wasting its functional purpose.

4. Brandy Snifter 白蘭地矮腳杯

Its short stem and globe shape encourage cradling so the hand warms the drink, and the tapered edges focus the odor of the liquor up into the tippler’s nose.

5. Champagne Flute 香檳杯

The long tulip-shaped vessel lets drinkers enjoy the gentle cascade of boozy bubbles and also focuses the effervescence upward so that it will create a foamy, nose-tickling mousse.

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（來(lái)源：滬江英語(yǔ) 編輯：Julie）