中國網(wǎng)站品牌欄目（頻道）
2014經(jīng)典演講五：奧巴馬西點(diǎn)軍校致辭(雙語)
PRESIDENT OBAMA: Thank you. Thank you so much. Thank you. Thankyou, General Caslen, for that introduction. General Trainor, General Clarke,faculty and staff at West Point, you have been outstanding stewards of thisproud institution and outstanding mentors for the newest officers in the UnitedStates Army。
美國總統(tǒng)奧巴馬：謝謝！非常感謝！謝謝！謝謝卡斯蘭將軍的介紹！特雷納將軍、克拉克將軍、西點(diǎn)軍校的教職工們，你們一直以來都是這所令人自豪的學(xué)府的優(yōu)秀管理者，也是美國陸軍新晉軍官的杰出導(dǎo)師。
I’d like to acknowledge the Army’s leadership -- General McHugh -- Secretary McHugh, General Odierno,as well as Senator Jack Reed who is here and a proud graduate of West Pointhimself. To the class of 2014, I congratulate you on taking your place on theLong Gray Line。
我要向陸軍領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層表示感謝，包括陸軍部長(zhǎng)麥克休將軍以及參謀長(zhǎng)奧迪耶諾將軍，同時(shí)也要感謝到場(chǎng)的杰克-里德參議員，他是西點(diǎn)軍校引以為榮的畢業(yè)生之一。2014級(jí)的畢業(yè)生們，祝賀你們承接了西點(diǎn)軍魂的使命。
Among you is the first all-female command team: ErinMauldin and Austen Boroff. In Calla Glavin, you have a Rhodes Scholar, and JoshHerbeck proves that West Point accuracy extends beyond the three point line。(Laughter。)
在你們當(dāng)中，有美國首支女子指揮團(tuán)隊(duì)，包括艾琳-墨登和奧斯丁-波洛夫?？ɡ?格萊文展現(xiàn)了一位羅茲學(xué)者的風(fēng)采，而喬希-赫貝克則證明了西點(diǎn)的精準(zhǔn)度遠(yuǎn)在三分線之外。(笑聲)
To the entire class, let me reassure you in these finalhours at West Point, as commander in chief, I hereby absolve all cadets who areon restriction for minor conduct offenses. (Laughter, applause。)Let me just say that nobody ever did that for me when I wasin school.
全體學(xué)員們，請(qǐng)安心度過你們?cè)谖鼽c(diǎn)的最后時(shí)光，我以最高統(tǒng)帥的名義在此赦免所有因犯輕罪而關(guān)禁閉的學(xué)員。(笑聲、掌聲)容我說一句，我當(dāng)學(xué)生的時(shí)候，可從未有人這么做過。
I know you join me in extending a word of thanks to yourfamilies. Joe DeMoss, whose son James is graduating, spoke for a whole lot ofparents when he wrote me a letter about the sacrifices you’ve made. “Deep inside,” he wrote, “we want to explode with pride atwhat they are committing to do in the service of our country。” Like several graduates, James is a combat veteran, and I would askall of us here today to stand and pay tribute not only to the veterans amongus, but to the more than 2.5 million Americans who have served in Iraq andAfghanistan, as well as their families. (Applause。)It is a particularly useful time for America to reflect onthose who’ve sacrificed so much for our freedom, a fewdays after Memorial Day. You are the first class to graduate since 9/11 who maynot be sent into combat in Iraq or Afghanistan. (Cheers, applause。)
我知道，你們和我一樣都要向自己的家人表示感謝。喬-狄摩斯是本屆畢業(yè)生詹姆斯的父親，他給我來信講訴你們所作出的犧牲，也道出了許多父母的心聲。他寫道：“在我們的內(nèi)心深處，我們?yōu)樗麄兞⒅緢?bào)效國家而感到無比自豪?！焙投辔划厴I(yè)生一樣，詹姆斯也是位戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)老兵。我請(qǐng)今天在座的各位起立，向我們當(dāng)中的老兵，也向250多萬曾在伊拉克和阿富汗服役的美國人及其家屬致敬。(掌聲)這是繼數(shù)天前陣亡將士紀(jì)念日后的又一個(gè)極有意義的時(shí)刻，讓美國人民得以回想那些為我們的自由作出巨大犧牲的英雄。你們將是自911恐怖襲擊以來，第一屆不會(huì)被派到伊拉克或阿富汗參戰(zhàn)的畢業(yè)生。(歡呼聲、掌聲)
When I first spoke at West Point in 2009, we still had morethan 100,000 troops in Iraq. We were preparing to surge in Afghanistan. Ourcounterterrorism efforts were focused on al-Qaida’s coreleadership -- those who had carried out the 9/11 attacks. And our nation wasjust beginning a long climb out of the worst economic crisis since the GreatDepression。Four and a half years later, as you graduate, the landscapehas changed. We have removed our troops from Iraq. We are winding down our warin Afghanistan. Al-Qaida’s leadership on the border region betweenPakistan and Afghanistan has been decimated, and Osama bin Laden is no more。(Cheers, applause。) And through it all, we’ve refocusedour investments in what has always been a key source of American strength: agrowing economy that can provide opportunity for everybody who’s willing to work hard and take responsibility here at home。
2009年，我首次在西點(diǎn)發(fā)表演講時(shí)，我們?nèi)杂?0萬多名士兵駐扎在伊拉克，也正準(zhǔn)備增兵阿富汗。而我們的反恐重心則是基地組織的核心頭目——正是他們發(fā)動(dòng)了911恐怖襲擊。此外，我們的國家正開始一段擺脫大蕭條以來最嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)的漫長(zhǎng)歷程。四年半以后，就在你們畢業(yè)之際，情況已發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變。我們已從伊拉克撤軍，正逐步結(jié)束阿富汗的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。潛伏在巴基斯坦和阿富汗邊境地區(qū)的基地組織頭目已被斬草除根，而奧薩馬·本·拉登也早已命喪黃泉。(歡呼聲、掌聲)在經(jīng)歷了這一切之后，我們又將關(guān)注重心調(diào)整到美國實(shí)力的重要源頭上來，這個(gè)源頭就是不斷發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)，為每一個(gè)愿意努力工作并愿意承擔(dān)起家國責(zé)任的人提供機(jī)會(huì)。
In fact, by most measures America has rarely been strongerrelative to the rest of the world. Those who argue otherwise -- who suggestthat America is in decline or has seen its global leadership slip away -- areeither misreading history or engaged in partisan politics。Think about it. Our military has no peer. The odds of adirect threat against us by any nation are low, and do not come close to thedangers we faced during the Cold War. Meanwhile, our economy remains the mostdynamic on Earth, our businesses the most innovative. Each year, we grow moreenergy independent. From Europe to Asia, we are the hub of alliances unrivaledin the history of nations。America continues to attract striving immigrants. Thevalues of our founding inspire leaders in parliaments and new movements inpublic squares around the globe. And when a typhoon hits the Philippines, orschoolgirls are kidnapped in Nigeria, or masked men occupy a building inUkraine, it is America that the world looks to for help. (Applause。) So theUnited States is and remains the one indispensable nation. That has been truefor the century past, and it will be true for the century to come。But the world is changing with accelerating speed. Thispresents opportunity, but also new dangers. We know all too well, after 9/11,just how technology and globalization has put power once reserved for states inthe hands of individuals, raising the capacity of terrorists to do harm。
事實(shí)上，與世界上其他國家相比，美國在很多方面都處于強(qiáng)勢(shì)地位。有些人持不同觀點(diǎn)，他們認(rèn)為美國正在衰弱或正失去世界的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，這些人不是對(duì)歷史存在誤讀，就是陷入了黨派政治的泥潭。
你們想一想，我們的軍隊(duì)天下無敵，任何國家對(duì)我們構(gòu)成直接威脅的幾率極小，而且與我們?cè)诶鋺?zhàn)時(shí)期所面臨的危險(xiǎn)相差甚遠(yuǎn)。同時(shí)，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)活力仍居世界第一，企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新性也名列前茅。我們的能源獨(dú)立性都在逐年增強(qiáng)。從歐洲到亞洲，我們是各國有史以來無人能敵的聯(lián)盟軸心。
美國將繼續(xù)吸納奮發(fā)圖強(qiáng)的外國移民[微博]。我們的建國理念激勵(lì)著各國議會(huì)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人，也激勵(lì)著世界各地在公共廣場(chǎng)上發(fā)起的新運(yùn)動(dòng)。當(dāng)臺(tái)風(fēng)襲擊菲律賓的時(shí)候，當(dāng)尼日利亞女學(xué)生遭到綁架的時(shí)候，當(dāng)蒙面歹徒攻占烏克蘭政府大樓的時(shí)候，全世界都翹首以待美國的援助之手。(掌聲)因此，美國始終是一個(gè)無可取代的國家，上個(gè)世紀(jì)如此，下個(gè)世紀(jì)亦是如此。
但是，如今的世界瞬息萬變。這為我們帶來了機(jī)遇，也帶來了新的危險(xiǎn)。911恐怖襲擊事件讓我們清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)到，科技和全球化發(fā)展是如何讓原本由國家掌控的權(quán)力落入個(gè)人之手，令恐怖分子為非作歹的。
Russia’s aggression towards former Soviet statesunnerves capitals in Europe while China’s economic riseand military reach worries its neighbors。From Brazil to India, rising middle classes compete withus, and governments seek a greater say in global forums. And even as developingnations embrace democracy and market economies, 24-hour news and social mediamakes it impossible to ignore the continuation of sectarian conflicts, failingstates and popular uprisings that might have received only passing notice ageneration ago。It will be your generation’s task torespond to this new world. The question we face, the question each of you willface, is not whether America will lead but how we will lead, not just to secureour peace and prosperity but also extend peace and prosperity around the globe。Now, this question isn’t new. At leastsince George Washington served as commander in chief, there have been those whowarned against foreign entanglements that do not touch directly on our securityor economic well-being。Today, according to self-described realists, conflicts inSyria or Ukraine or the Central African Republic are not ours to solve. And notsurprisingly, after costly wars and continuing challenges here at home, thatview is shared by many Americans。A different view, from interventionists from the left andright, says that we ignore these conflicts at our own peril, that America’s willingness to apply force around the world is the ultimatesafeguard against chaos, and America’s failure to actin the face of Syrian brutality or Russian provocations not only violates ourconscience, but invites escalating aggression in the future。And each side can point to history to support its claims,but I believe neither view fully speaks to the demands of this moment. It isabsolutely true that in the 21st century, American isolationism is not anoption. We don’t have a choice to ignore what happens beyondour borders. If nuclear materials are not secure, that poses a danger toAmerican citizens。As the Syrian civil war spills across borders, the capacityof battle-hardened extremist groups to come after us only increases. Regionalaggression that goes unchecked, whether in southern Ukraine or the South ChinaSea or anywhere else in the world, will ultimately impact our allies, and coulddraw in our military. We can’t ignore what happens beyond ourboundaries。
不久前，俄羅斯派兵入侵前蘇聯(lián)加盟共和國——烏克蘭，這一軍事動(dòng)作牽動(dòng)歐洲各國神經(jīng)，與此同時(shí)，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)崛起及其軍事走向則引發(fā)鄰國擔(dān)憂。從巴西到印度，新興中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在與我們展開競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，此外，各國謀求在國際事務(wù)中爭(zhēng)取更多話語權(quán)。盡管發(fā)展中國家擁護(hù)民主、認(rèn)同市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，但全天候新聞以及社交媒體報(bào)道使得人們無法對(duì)接連發(fā)生在這些國家的派系沖突、國家衰敗與民眾暴動(dòng)等事件視而不見。然而，這些對(duì)于上一代人而言，只能引來他們的“側(cè)目”罷了。如何能在新形勢(shì)下有所作為的重?fù)?dān)就要落在你們這一代的肩上了。擺在我們面前的問題，不是美國是否處在領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位，而是她將如何引領(lǐng)各國；不只是美國能否實(shí)現(xiàn)繁榮發(fā)展，而是她如何能在全球范圍內(nèi)“播撒”和平與繁榮的“種子”，而這也是你們將來要面對(duì)的問題。這個(gè)問題并非新鮮。至少，自喬治-華盛頓就任總司令——即美國爆發(fā)獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以來，就存在一些警告的聲音，表示反對(duì)美國卷入與本國國家安全或經(jīng)濟(jì)福祉無直接關(guān)聯(lián)的外部紛爭(zhēng)之中?，F(xiàn)在，那些自詡為現(xiàn)實(shí)主義者的人認(rèn)為，美國無需理會(huì)發(fā)生在敘利亞、烏克蘭，以及中非共和國的沖突。的確，在經(jīng)受了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以及來自國內(nèi)的多重挑戰(zhàn)之后，這種觀點(diǎn)為許多美國人所認(rèn)同，這并不意外。然而，干涉主義者對(duì)此持不同觀點(diǎn)。他們認(rèn)為，無視這些沖突最終會(huì)危及我們自身，美國在全球充當(dāng)“世界警察”角色的意愿能 夠最徹底地保衛(wèi)世界安全，使其免于陷入混亂。而若美國對(duì)敘利亞的暴亂或俄羅斯的挑釁撒手不管、無所作為的話，那么這不僅違背我們的良心，也會(huì)使得這些行徑在未來愈演愈烈。盡管雙方的觀點(diǎn)從歷史角度看都成立，但我認(rèn)為他們并沒有充分反映當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下的需求。顯然，對(duì)21世紀(jì)的美國而言，孤 立主義行不通。我們無法對(duì)發(fā)生在世界其他地區(qū)的事情漠然視之。例如，如果核燃料不安全，那么它就會(huì)威及美國人民的生命。隨著敘利亞內(nèi)戰(zhàn)戰(zhàn)火跨越邊境，受戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)洗禮的極端組織攻擊美國的能力也在增強(qiáng)。地區(qū)沖突接踵而至，無論是在烏克蘭南部地區(qū)、南海亦或是世界其他地方，如果我們對(duì)此坐視不管，最終這將危及美國盟友的利益，美軍也會(huì)卷入其中。因此，我們必須時(shí)刻關(guān)注外界事態(tài)。
And beyond these narrow rationales, I believe we have areal stake -- abiding self-interest -- in making sure our children and ourgrandchildren grow up in a world where schoolgirls are not kidnapped; whereindividuals aren’t slaughtered because of tribeor faith or political belief。I believe that a world of greater freedom and tolerance isnot only a moral imperative; it also helps keep us safe。But to say that we have an interest in pursuing peace andfreedom beyond our borders is not to say that every problem has a militarysolution. Since World War II, some of our most costly mistakes came not fromour restraint but from our willingness to rush into military adventures withoutthinking through the consequences, without building international support andlegitimacy for our action, without leveling with the American people about thesacrifices required. Tough talk often draws headlines, but war rarely conformsto slogans. As General Eisenhower, someone with hard-earned knowledge on thissubject, said at this ceremony in 1947, “War is mankind’s most tragic and stupid folly; to seek or advise its deliberateprovocation is a black crime against all men?！盠ike Eisenhower, this generation of men and women inuniform know all too well the wages of war, and that includes those of you hereat West Point. Four of the service members who stood in the audience when Iannounced the surge of our forces in Afghanistan gave their lives in thateffort. A lot more were wounded。
此外，跳出這些狹隘的理論框架來看，我認(rèn)為大家還存在著一個(gè)真正的共同關(guān)切——持久的個(gè)人利益，那就是要始終確保我們的子孫后代成長(zhǎng)在這樣一個(gè)世界當(dāng)中，在那里，人們不會(huì)因?yàn)榉N族、信仰或政治理念的迥異而劫持女學(xué)生或?yàn)E殺無辜。我認(rèn)為，建設(shè)一個(gè)更加自由及包容的世界不僅在道德上勢(shì)在必行，而且有助于維護(hù)我們自身安全。盡管我們有意向在全球倡導(dǎo)和平與自由，但這并不意味著我們要借助軍事手段來解決每個(gè)問題。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來，我們所犯的那些嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤，皆源自我們傾向于以訴諸武力的方式來解決問題，而對(duì)后果考慮不周、缺乏國際支持及法律支持，也沒有向美國人民交代他們需要作出的犧牲，以使他們心中有數(shù)。雖然強(qiáng)硬的表態(tài)時(shí)常占據(jù)報(bào)紙頭條，但戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)卻很少與口號(hào)“步調(diào)一致”。正如對(duì)這個(gè)問題深有體會(huì)的艾森豪威爾將軍(General Eisenhower)，于1947年在西點(diǎn)軍校畢業(yè)典禮上所說的那樣：“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)是人類最悲慘、最愚笨的蠢行，無論是蓄意挑起戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)，還是為其獻(xiàn)計(jì)獻(xiàn)策，這都是對(duì)全人類犯下的滔天罪行。”與他一樣，這一代的軍人——無論男女，都對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)理解深刻。這其中也包括了你們西點(diǎn)畢業(yè)生。在我宣布增兵阿富汗時(shí)，聽眾當(dāng)中的4名服役人員后來就在那里壯烈犧牲。此外，還有許多西點(diǎn)士兵受傷。
I believe America’s security demandedthose deployments. But I am haunted by those deaths. I am haunted by thosewounds. And I would betray my duty to you, and to the country we love, if Isent you into harm’s way simply becauseI saw a problem somewhere in the world that needed to be fixed, or because Iwas worried about critics who think military intervention is the only way forAmerica to avoid looking weak。
我認(rèn)為，出于維護(hù)美國國家安全的考慮，這些軍事部署是很有必要的。但是，這些傷亡者的英魂和傷痛一直縈繞在我的腦海、令我難安。如果我將你們派上戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)，僅僅是因?yàn)槭澜缒车爻霈F(xiàn)問題需要處理，或是擔(dān)心批評(píng)家會(huì)將軍事不作為視作是美國軟弱的表現(xiàn)，那么，我就違背了自己對(duì)你們、對(duì)這個(gè)我們所愛國家的職責(zé)了。
Here’s my bottom line: America must alwayslead on the world stage. If we don’t, no one else will.The military that you have joined is, and always will be, the backbone of thatleadership. But U.S. military action cannot be the only -- or even primary --component of our leadership in every instance. Just because we have the best hammerdoes not mean that every problem is a nail。
我的底線是：美國必須在世界范圍保持領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力。如果我們不能，沒人能。你們所加入的美軍，永遠(yuǎn)都是美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界的中堅(jiān)力量。但是美國的軍事行動(dòng)不是我們展現(xiàn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力的唯一方式，更不是主要部分。因?yàn)殡m然我們有最好的錘子(美軍)，但并不意味著每個(gè)問題都是釘子。
And because the costsassociated with military action are so high, you should expect every civilianleader -- and especially your commander in chief -- to be clear about how thatawesome power should be used. So let me spend the rest of mytime describing my vision for how the United States of America, and ourmilitary, should lead in the years to come, for you will be part of thatleadership。
因?yàn)檐娛滦袆?dòng)代價(jià)極大，所以你們應(yīng)該期望每個(gè)平民領(lǐng)袖——尤其是你們的總司令——清楚如何使用這一令人生畏的力量。所以，讓我用剩下的時(shí)間來描述一下我的想法：關(guān)于美國和美軍在未來幾年應(yīng)怎樣領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界，而你們將會(huì)成為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界力量的一部分。
First, let me repeat a principle I put forward at theoutset of my presidency: The United States will use military force,unilaterally if necessary, when our core interests demand it -- when our peopleare threatened; when our livelihoods are at stake; when the security of ourallies is in danger。
首先，讓我重申一下我在就任總統(tǒng)時(shí)提出的原則：當(dāng)我們的核心利益需要的時(shí)候——我們的人民受到威脅、生計(jì)受到威脅、盟友的安全處于危險(xiǎn)之中——如果有必要，美國將單方面使用軍事力量。
In these circumstances, we still need to ask toughquestions about whether our actions are proportional and effective and just.International opinion matters, but America should never ask permission toprotect our people, our homeland or our way of life. (Applause。)
當(dāng)然在這些情況下，我們?nèi)匀恍枰獟行淖詥枺覀兊男袆?dòng)是否合適有效公正。雖然國際輿論很重要，但是在保護(hù)我們的人民、祖國和生活方式這些問題上，美國不需要得到別人的許可。(掌聲)
On the other hand, when issues of global concern do notpose a direct threat to the United States, when such issues are at stake, whencrises arise that stir our conscience or push the world in a more dangerousdirection but do not directly threaten us, then the threshold for militaryaction must be higher. In such circumstances, we should not go it alone.Instead, we must mobilize allies and partners to take collective action. Wehave to broaden our tools to include diplomacy and development, sanctions and isolation, appeals to international law, and, if just,necessary and effective, multilateral military action. In such circumstances,we have to work with others because collective action in thesecircumstances is more likely to succeed, more likely to be sustained,less likely to lead to costly mistakes。
另一方面，當(dāng)引起世界關(guān)注但沒有直接威脅到美國利益的危機(jī)產(chǎn)生時(shí)，當(dāng)這些問題亟待解決時(shí)，當(dāng)能觸動(dòng)我們的良心或推動(dòng)世界向更危險(xiǎn)的方向發(fā)展但不對(duì)美國構(gòu)成直接威脅的危機(jī)出現(xiàn)時(shí)，我們更不能輕易采取軍事行動(dòng)。在這種情況下，我們不應(yīng)該單打獨(dú)斗。相反，我們必須動(dòng)員盟友和合作伙伴采取集體行動(dòng)。我們應(yīng)該廣泛使用各種手段，包括外交和發(fā)展、制裁和孤立、訴諸于國際法，甚至在必要情況下采取多邊軍事行動(dòng)。在這些情況下，我們必須與其他國家合作，因?yàn)榧w行動(dòng)更容易成功，持續(xù)性強(qiáng)，還可以減少代價(jià)慘痛的錯(cuò)誤?！?/p>
This leads to my second point. For the foreseeable future,the most direct threat to America, at home and abroad, remains terrorism, but astrategy that involves invading every country that harbors terrorist networksis naive and unsustainable. I believe we must shift our counterterrorismstrategy, drawing on the successes and shortcomings of our experience in Iraqand Afghanistan, to more effectively partner with countries where terroristnetworks seek a foothold。
這引出了我的第二個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。在可預(yù)見的未來，不管國內(nèi)還是國外，對(duì)美國最直接的威脅仍是恐怖主義。但是，那種對(duì)每個(gè)包庇恐怖主義組織的國家都采取進(jìn)攻手段的戰(zhàn)略未免過于天真，也不可能長(zhǎng)期進(jìn)行。我認(rèn)為，我們必須從伊拉克和阿富汗問題上汲取經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn)，將美國打擊恐怖主義的戰(zhàn)略轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)榕c那些國內(nèi)有恐怖組織基地的國家進(jìn)行有效的伙伴合作。
And the need for a new strategy reflects the fact thattoday’s principal threat no longer comes from acentralized al-Qaida leadership. Instead it comes from decentralized al-Qaidaaffiliates and extremists, many with agendas focused in the countries wherethey operate. And this lessens the possibility of large-scale 9/11-styleattacks against the homeland, but it heightens the danger of U.S. personneloverseas being attacked, as we saw in Benghazi. It heightens the danger to lessdefensible targets, as we saw in a shopping mall in Nairobi. So we have todevelop a strategy that matches this diffuse threat, one that expands our reachwithout sending forces that stretch our military too thin or stir up localresentments。
并且，對(duì)新戰(zhàn)略的需求反映出一個(gè)事實(shí)：今天我們主要的威脅不再是來自于基地組織的集中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，而是來自分散的 “基地”組織分支機(jī)構(gòu)和極端分子，其中很多都在他們從事活動(dòng)的國家內(nèi)進(jìn)行活動(dòng)。雖然這種情況降低了美國本土遭受大規(guī)模911式襲擊的可能性，但是就像我們 在班加西(Benghazi)看到的那樣，這會(huì)增加美國海外人員遇險(xiǎn)的可能性。就像我們?cè)趦?nèi)羅畢(Nairobi)購物商場(chǎng)看到的那樣，這還會(huì)增加防備薄 弱目標(biāo)遇險(xiǎn)的可能性。因此，我們需要制定戰(zhàn)略應(yīng)對(duì)這種傳播式的威脅，這一戰(zhàn)略必須能夠在不派遣軍隊(duì)、避免戰(zhàn)線過長(zhǎng)、避免引發(fā)當(dāng)?shù)夭粷M情緒的前提下擴(kuò)大我們的影響力。
We need partners to fight terrorists alongside us. Andempowering partners is a large part of what we have done and what we arecurrently doing in Afghanistan. Together with our allies, America struck hugeblows against al-Qaida core and pushed back against an insurgency thatthreatened to overrun the country。
我們需要合作伙伴一起打擊恐怖分子。我們?cè)诎⒏缓挂呀?jīng)完成和正在進(jìn)行的工作，很大一部份是為了增進(jìn)伙伴的自治能力。在 與盟友的共同努力下，美國給基地組織核心造成了沉重的打擊，挫敗了其試圖顛覆國家的叛亂活動(dòng)。
But sustaining this progress depends on the ability ofAfghans to do the job. And that’s why we trained hundreds of thousands ofAfghan soldiers and police. Earlier this spring, those forces -- those Afghanforces -- secured an election in which Afghans voted for the first democratictransfer of power in their history. And at the end of this year, a new Afghanpresident will be in office, and America’s combatmission will be over。
但是，決定這個(gè)進(jìn)程能否持續(xù)下去的是阿富汗人民在處理這一問題上的能力。這就是我們訓(xùn)練成千上萬的阿富汗士兵和警察的原因。今年春天早些時(shí)候，這些部隊(duì)，這些阿富汗部隊(duì)保障了選舉的進(jìn)行，阿富汗人為該國史上第一次政權(quán)的民主移交進(jìn)行了投票。今年年底，阿富汗新總統(tǒng)將上任，屆時(shí)美國作戰(zhàn)部隊(duì)的使命也將完成。
Now -- (applause) -- that was anenormous achievement made because of America’s armedforces. But as we move to a train and advise mission in Afghanistan, ourreduced presence there allows us to more effectively address emerging threatsin the Middle East and North Africa. So earlier this year I asked my nationalsecurity team to develop a plan for a network of partnerships from South Asiato the Sahel。
現(xiàn)在——(掌聲)——這就是美軍取得的巨大成就。但是當(dāng)我們?cè)诎⒏缓沟氖姑D(zhuǎn)向訓(xùn)練和顧問時(shí)，我們減少駐軍以后可以更有效地應(yīng)對(duì)中東和北非新出現(xiàn)的威脅。因此在今年早些時(shí)候，我讓國家安全事務(wù)部門就南亞和薩赫勒地區(qū)的合作伙伴關(guān)系網(wǎng)制定了一個(gè)計(jì)劃。
Today, as part of this effort, I am calling on Congress tosupport a new counterterrorism partnerships fund of up to $5 billion, whichwill allow us to train, build capacity and facilitate partner countries on thefront lines. And these resources will give us flexibility to fulfill differentmissions, including training security forces in Yemen who’ve gone on the offensive against al-Qaida, supporting amultinational force to keep the peace in Somalia, working with European alliesto train a functioning security force and border patrol in Libya andfacilitating French operations in Mali。
今天，作為我們行動(dòng)的一部分，我呼吁國會(huì)支持通過數(shù)額為50億美元的新反恐合作基金，以幫助我們的同盟伙伴訓(xùn)練軍隊(duì)、提升能力、支援他們的前線。這些資金也讓我們又更大的自由度完成各項(xiàng)任務(wù)。這些任務(wù)包括：為打擊基地組織的也門政府訓(xùn)練安全部隊(duì)以支持多國部隊(duì)維護(hù)索馬里地區(qū)和平，同歐洲盟友一起在利比亞訓(xùn)練出合格的安全部隊(duì)和邊防軍，以及協(xié)助法國在馬里的行動(dòng)。
A critical focus of this effort will be the ongoing crisisin Syria. As frustrating as it is, there are no easy answers there, no militarysolution that can eliminate the terrible suffering anytime soon. As president,I made a decision that we should not put American troops into the middle ofthis increasingly sectarian civil war, and I believe that is the rightdecision. But that does not mean we shouldn’t help theSyrian people stand up against a dictator who bombs and starves his own people.And in helping those who fight for the right of all Syrians to choose their ownfuture, we are also pushing back against the growing number of extremists whofind safe haven in the chaos。
我們努力的重中之重是敘利亞危機(jī)。令人沮喪的是，解決這一危機(jī)沒有捷徑。軍事行動(dòng)不能立馬消除當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦纳钪貫?zāi)難。作為總統(tǒng)，我決定不派遣軍隊(duì)卷入這場(chǎng)愈演愈烈的宗派內(nèi)戰(zhàn)。我相信這是一個(gè)正確的決定。但是這并不意味著我們不去幫助敘利亞人民奮起反抗，反對(duì)殺害自己人民、讓人民挨餓的獨(dú)裁者。我們協(xié)助那些為了敘利亞人民能選擇自己未來而奮斗的人，同時(shí)也積極打擊在越來越多混亂之中找到避風(fēng)港的極端分子。
So with the additional resources I’m announcing today, we will step up our efforts to support Syria’s neighbors -- Jordan and Lebanon, Turkey and Iraq -- as theycontend with refugees and confront terrorists working across Syria’s borders. I will work with Congress to ramp up support for those inthe Syrian opposition who offer the best alternative to terrorists and brutaldictators. And we will continue to coordinate with our friends and allies inEurope and the Arab World to push for a political resolution of this crisis andto make sure that those countries and not just the United States arecontributing their fair share of support to the Syrian people。
有了今天我所宣布的資金，我們將會(huì)加大力度，支持約旦、黎巴嫩、土耳其、伊拉克這些敘利亞的鄰國。因?yàn)樗麄兊锰幚頂⒗麃嗊吘车碾y民、并打擊敘邊境的恐怖活動(dòng)。我將與國會(huì)一起，加大對(duì)敘利亞反對(duì)派的支持。他們是替代恐怖分子和殘忍的獨(dú)裁者管理敘利亞最好的選擇。我們會(huì)繼續(xù)與我們的朋友、歐洲盟友和阿拉伯世界一起合作，推進(jìn)敘利亞危機(jī)的政治解決途徑，以保證在支持?jǐn)⒗麃喨嗣竦呐χ?，并非僅有美國在做出努力，其他這些國家也都參與其中。
Let me make one final point about our efforts againstterrorism. The partnerships I’ve described do not eliminate the need totake direct action when necessary to protect ourselves. When we have actionableintelligence, that’s what we do, through captureoperations, like the one that brought a terrorist involved in the plot to bombour embassies in 1998 to face justice, or drone strikes, like those we’ve carried out in Yemen and Somalia。
讓我就我們?cè)诜纯稚系呐ψ詈笳f一點(diǎn)。我所描述的伙伴關(guān)系并不排除為了保護(hù)美國而采取直接行動(dòng)的可能。只要我們有可靠的情報(bào)，我們就會(huì)采取行動(dòng)，比如1998年在我們大使館抓捕策劃安放炸彈的恐怖分子的行動(dòng)，又如我們?cè)谝查T和索馬里采取的無人機(jī)襲擊。
There are times when those actions are necessary and wecannot hesitate to protect our people. But as I said last year, in taking directaction, we must uphold standards that reflect our values. That means takingstrikes only when we face a continuing, imminent threat, and only where thereis no certainty -- there is near certainty of no civilian casualties, for ouractions should meet a simple test: We must not create more enemies than we takeoff the battlefield。
有時(shí)我們必須馬上采取行動(dòng)，因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)诒Ｗo(hù)國民方面決不能有半點(diǎn)猶豫。但就像我去年說的，采取直接行動(dòng)時(shí)，我們也要堅(jiān)守我們的價(jià)值觀。這就意味著只有我們面臨持續(xù)的或是眼前的威脅才會(huì)進(jìn)行打擊。在沒有把握的時(shí)候，即便我們幾乎能避免平民傷亡，我們的行動(dòng)也必須達(dá)到一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，那就是我們不能為了在戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上擊斃敵人而樹立更多的敵人。
I also believe we must be more transparent about both thebasis of our counterterrorism actions and the manner in which they are carriedout. We have to be able to explain them publicly, whether it is drone strikesor training partners. I will increasingly turn to our military to take the leadand provide information to the public about our efforts. Our intelligencecommunity has done outstanding work and we have to continue to protect sourcesand methods, but when we cannot explain our efforts clearly and publicly, we faceterrorist propaganda and international suspicion, we erode legitimacy with ourpartners and our people, and we reduce accountability in our own government。
我也相信我們必須在反恐行動(dòng)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)和具體行動(dòng)方式方面更為公開。不管是無人機(jī)打擊或是訓(xùn)練盟友的軍隊(duì)，我們必 須向公眾解釋我們的行動(dòng)。我將會(huì)要求美軍帶頭，向公眾提供與我們行動(dòng)相關(guān)的信息。我們的情報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)工作出色，我們必須繼續(xù)保護(hù)我們的信息來源和獲取途徑。但如果我們不能清楚、公開地解釋我們的行動(dòng)，我們就會(huì)面對(duì)恐怖分子的大肆宣傳和國際社會(huì)的質(zhì)疑，就會(huì)在我們伙伴國和人民面前失去合法性，就會(huì)失去我們政府的 信譽(yù)。
And this issue of transparency is directly relevant to athird aspect of American leadership, and that is our effort to strengthen andenforce international order。
公開透明直接與美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的第三個(gè)方面相關(guān)，也就是我們強(qiáng)化國際秩序的努力。
After World War II, America had the wisdom to shapeinstitutions to keep the peace and support human progress -- from NATO and theUnited Nations, to the World Bank and IMF. These institutions are not perfect,but they have been a force multiplier. They reduce the need for unilateralAmerican action and increase restraint among other nations。
二戰(zhàn)之后，美國高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚，設(shè)立了從北約、聯(lián)合國到世界銀行、國際貨幣組織一系列機(jī)構(gòu)來維護(hù)人類和平、支持人類進(jìn)步。這 些機(jī)構(gòu)并不完美，但是他們將我們的力量放大了數(shù)倍。他們減少美國進(jìn)行單邊行動(dòng)的需要，同時(shí)也增強(qiáng)了其他國家之間的制約能力。
Now, just as the world has changed, this architecture mustchange as well. At the height of the Cold War, President Kennedy spoke aboutthe need for a peace based upon a gradual evolution in human institutions. Andevolving these international institutions to meet the demands of today must bea critical part of American leadership。
現(xiàn)在，世界已經(jīng)歷巨變，這一框架也需改變。冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)，肯尼迪總統(tǒng)曾談到對(duì)于以人類機(jī)構(gòu)逐漸改善為基礎(chǔ)的和平的需要。對(duì)這些機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行改進(jìn)以達(dá)到今天的需求，是美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的重要一環(huán)。
Now, there are a lot of folks, a lot of skeptics who oftendownplay the effectiveness of multilateral action. For them, working throughinternational institutions, like the U.N. or respecting international law, is asign of weakness. I think they’re wrong. Let me offer just two exampleswhy。
現(xiàn)在有許多人，也有許多質(zhì)疑者經(jīng)常貶低多邊行動(dòng)的有效性。對(duì)于他們而言，通過聯(lián)合國這類的多邊機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行合作或者是尊重多邊規(guī)則，是一種懦弱的表現(xiàn)。我認(rèn)為他們錯(cuò)了。讓我舉兩個(gè)例子來加以說明吧。
In Ukraine, Russia’s recent actionsrecall the days when Soviet tanks rolled into Eastern Europe. But this isn’t the Cold War. Our ability to shape world opinion helpedisolate Russia right away. Because of Americanleadership, the world immediately condemned Russian actions, Europe and the G-7joined with us to impose sanctions, NATO reinforced our commitment to EasternEuropean allies, the IMF is helping to stabilize Ukraine’s economy, OSCE monitors brought the eyes of the world to unstableparts of Ukraine。
俄羅斯最近在烏克蘭的舉動(dòng)令我想起了蘇聯(lián)大批坦克開進(jìn)東歐的情形。但是現(xiàn)在不是冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期。我們制造的國際輿論讓俄羅斯在短時(shí)間內(nèi)就被孤立。在美國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，國際社會(huì)馬上譴責(zé)俄羅斯的舉動(dòng)，歐洲和七國集團(tuán)同我們一樣對(duì)其實(shí)施制裁，北大西洋公約組織恪守我們對(duì)東盟的承諾，國際貨幣基金組織正在幫助穩(wěn)定烏克蘭的經(jīng)濟(jì)，歐洲安全和合作組織也在關(guān)注烏克蘭不穩(wěn)定地區(qū)的發(fā)展。
And this mobilization of world opinion and internationalinstitutions served as a counterweight to Russian propaganda and Russian troopson the border and armed militias in ski masks。
世界觀點(diǎn)和國際機(jī)構(gòu)立場(chǎng)的轉(zhuǎn)變，可與俄羅斯的宣傳、其邊境的軍隊(duì)以及全副武裝的士兵相抗衡。
This weekend, Ukrainians voted by the millions. Yesterday,I spoke to their next president. We don’t know how thesituation will play out, and there will remain grave challenges ahead, butstanding with our allies on behalf of international order, working withinternational institutions, has given a chance for the Ukrainian people tochoose their future -- without us firing a shot。
這周末，數(shù)百萬的烏克蘭公民會(huì)進(jìn)行民主投票。昨天，我同他們下一屆的總統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了會(huì)談。我們不知道情況會(huì)如何演變，前方也仍存在巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，但是為了維護(hù)國際秩序，同我們的盟友一起，與國際組織進(jìn)行合作，這給了烏克蘭人民一個(gè)選擇他們未來的機(jī)會(huì)一一這并不需要費(fèi)一槍一彈。
Similarly, despite frequent warnings from the United Statesand Israel and others, the Iranian nuclear program steadily advanced for years.But at the beginning of my presidency, we built a coalition that imposedsanctions on the Iranian economy, while extending the hand of diplomacy to theIranian government. And now we have an opportunity to resolve our differencespeacefully. The odds of success are still long, and we reserve all options toprevent Iran from obtaining a nuclear weapon. But for the first time in adecade, we have a very real chance of achieving a breakthrough agreement, onethat is more effective and durable than what we could have achieved through theuse of force. And throughout these negotiations, it has been our willingness towork through multilateral channels that kept the world on our side。
類似的是，盡管美國、以色列及其他國家不斷地對(duì)伊朗發(fā)出警告，伊朗核計(jì)劃仍持續(xù)進(jìn)行了好幾年。在我擔(dān)任總統(tǒng)職務(wù)初期，我們聯(lián)合對(duì)伊朗的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)行了制裁，但同時(shí)也幫助伊朗政府進(jìn)行民主建設(shè)。現(xiàn)在我們有機(jī)會(huì)和平地解決我們的分歧。成功之路還十分漫長(zhǎng)，我們要保留阻止伊朗獲得核武器的各種手段。十年來我們第一次真正有機(jī)會(huì)達(dá)成一項(xiàng)突破性的協(xié)定，這比我們用武力達(dá)成協(xié)定來得更有效，效果也更持久。通過這些磋商，我們?cè)敢馔ㄟ^多邊途徑讓世界各國站在我們這一邊。
The point is, this is American leadership. This is Americanstrength。
重點(diǎn)是，這是在美國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下進(jìn)行的。這是美國力量所在。
In each case, we built coalitions to respond to a specificchallenge. Now we need to do more to strengthen the institutions that cananticipate and prevent problems from spreading。
對(duì)于不同的事件，我們會(huì)建立不同的聯(lián)盟以應(yīng)對(duì)不同的挑戰(zhàn)?，F(xiàn)在我們需要做更多來加強(qiáng)這些機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)和預(yù)防問題擴(kuò)散的能力。
For example, NATO is the strongest alliance the world hasever known but we’re now working with NATO allies to meetnew missions both within Europe, where our eastern allies must be reassured,but also beyond Europe’s borders, where our NATO alliesmust pull their weight to counterterrorism and respond to failed states andtrain a network of partners。
比如，眾所周知，北大西洋公約組織是世界上最強(qiáng)大的聯(lián)盟之一，但是我們現(xiàn)在同它進(jìn)行合作，以應(yīng)對(duì)其在歐洲內(nèi)部和其他 地區(qū)的新任務(wù)。在歐洲內(nèi)部，我們的東部盟國必須獲得保護(hù)。而在其他地區(qū)，我們北大西洋公約組織的盟國也必須有效地進(jìn)行反恐活動(dòng)，幫助失利的國家并培養(yǎng)我們的伙伴國。
Likewise, the U.N. provides a platform to keep the peace instates torn apart by conflict. Now, we need to make sure that those nations whoprovide peacekeepers have the training and equipment to actually keep the peaceso that we can prevent the type of killing we’ve seen in Congo and Sudan. We are going to deepen ourinvestment in countries that support these peacekeeping missions becausehaving other nations maintain order in their own neighborhoods lessens the needfor us to put our own troops in harm’s way. It’s a smart investment. It’s the right way tolead. (Applause。)
同樣地，聯(lián)合國提供了一個(gè)平臺(tái)，以維護(hù)那些因沖突而分裂的國家的和平?，F(xiàn)在，我們需要確保那些提供了維和人員的 國家已接受了訓(xùn)練，配齊了裝備，能夠真正維護(hù)和平，這樣我們就能防止我們?cè)趧偣吞K丹看到的那種殺戮。我們會(huì)加大對(duì)這些支持維和行動(dòng)國家的投資。因?yàn)榱钇渌麌矣米约旱牧α烤S持自己地盤的秩序，可以減少我們使用武力造成傷害的必要性。這是智慧的投資。這也是我們正確的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)之路。(掌聲雷動(dòng))
Keep in mind, not all international norms relate directlyto armed conflict. We have a serious problem with cyberattacks, which is why we’re working to shape and enforce rules of the road to secure ournetworks and our citizens. In the Asia Pacific, we’resupporting Southeast Asian nations as they negotiate a code of conduct withChina on maritime disputes in the South China Sea, and we’re working to resolve these disputes through international law。
但是要記住，不是所有的國際準(zhǔn)則都與軍事沖突直接相關(guān)。我們面臨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)黑客攻擊問題，這也是我們致力于實(shí)施和加強(qiáng)在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的行為準(zhǔn)則，以保護(hù)我們的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)和我們的公民的原因。在亞太地區(qū)，我們支持東南亞國家同中國協(xié)商在中國南海海事糾紛中的行為準(zhǔn)則，同時(shí)我們也支持通過國際法解 決這些糾紛。
That spirit of cooperation needs to energize the globaleffort to combat climate change, a creeping national security crisis that willhelp shape your time in uniform, as we are called on to respond to refugeeflows and natural disasters, and conflicts over water and food, which is why,next year, I intend to make sure America is out front in putting together aglobal framework to preserve our planet。
我們需要用合作的精神激勵(lì)全球努力應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，這是一個(gè)日益嚴(yán)重的國家安全危機(jī)，決定你們從軍期間的整體形勢(shì)。我們要 應(yīng)對(duì)難民流動(dòng)、自然災(zāi)害，水資源和食物的問題。這也是我下一年計(jì)劃確保美國能夠帶頭建立一個(gè)保護(hù)我們星球的全球框架的原因。
You see, American influence is always stronger when we leadby example. We cannot exempt ourselves from the rules that apply to everyone else.We can’t call on others to make commitments to combatclimate change if a whole lot of our political leaders deny that it is takingplace. We can’t try to resolve problems in the SouthChina Sea when we have refused to make sure that the Law of the Sea Conventionis ratified by the United States Senate, despite the fact that our top militaryleaders say the treaty advances our national security. That’s not leadership. That’s retreat. That’s not strength; that’s weakness. It would beutterly foreign to leaders like Roosevelt and Truman, Eisenhower and Kennedy。
大家知道，但凡美國以身說法，實(shí)現(xiàn)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，美國的影響力就會(huì)加大。大家都普遍遵循的規(guī)則，我們不能不遵守；如果我們多數(shù) 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人否認(rèn)氣候變化這一事實(shí)，我們也就無法號(hào)召大家齊心協(xié)力，共對(duì)氣候變化。雖然我國軍方高層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人都認(rèn)為《海洋法公約》的通過會(huì)提高我國的國家安全，但如果我們無法確保美國參議院通過該公約，我們也就無法解決中國南海問題。這都不是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，是退縮；不是強(qiáng)大，是軟弱。這與羅斯福，杜魯門，艾森豪威爾，肯尼 迪等領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的風(fēng)格截然相反。
I believe in American exceptionalism with every fiber of mybeing. But what makes us exceptional is not our ability to flout internationalnorms and the rule of law; it is our willingness to affirm them through ouractions。(Applause。)
我對(duì)美國例外主義深信不疑。但讓我們例外的并不是美國通過實(shí)際行動(dòng)重申國際準(zhǔn)則與國際法，而是我們?cè)敢馔ㄟ^實(shí)際行動(dòng)彰顯這些國際準(zhǔn)則。(掌聲)
And that’s why I will continue to push toclose Gitmo, because American values and legal traditions do not permitthe indefinite detention of people beyond our borders. (Applause。) That’s why we’re putting in place newrestrictions on how America collects and uses intelligence -- because we willhave fewer partners and be less effective if a perception takes hold that we’re conducting surveillance against ordinary citizens. (Applause。)America does not simply stand for stability or the absence of conflict, nomatter what the cost; we stand for the more lasting peace that can only comethrough opportunity and freedom for people everywhere -- which brings me to thefourth and final element of American leadership: our willingness to act onbehalf of human dignity。
這是我堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)關(guān)閉關(guān)塔那摩監(jiān)獄的原因，美國價(jià)值觀與法律傳統(tǒng)不容許在美國境外無限期關(guān)押人員。(掌聲)這是我們近來限制美國情報(bào)收集與使用方式的原因，如果美國一意孤行，繼續(xù)監(jiān)控普通民眾的話，美國的合作伙伴勢(shì)必會(huì)減少，效率勢(shì)必會(huì)更為低下。(掌聲)美國并不支持不惜任何代價(jià)維護(hù)穩(wěn)定或消除沖突；我們支持擁護(hù)唯有機(jī)遇與自由可以為世界各國人民帶來的更為持久的和平。這是我要談的美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量的第四個(gè)、也是最后一個(gè)要素，那就是我們?cè)笧槿祟愖饑?yán)而努力奮斗。
America’s support for democracy and human rightsgoes beyond idealism; it is a matter of national security. Democracies are ourclosest friends and are far less likely to go to war. Economies based on freeand open markets perform better and becomemarkets for our goods. Respect for human rights is an antidote to instabilityand the grievances that fuel violence and terror。
美國對(duì)民主與人權(quán)的主張勝過對(duì)理想主義的追求；這是關(guān)乎國家安全的大計(jì)。民主國家是美國最親密的盟友，民主國家絕不可能走向戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)?；谧杂砷_放的經(jīng)濟(jì)體發(fā)揮著更加積極的作用，也逐漸成為我國產(chǎn)品的目的市場(chǎng)。尊重人權(quán)有利于改善動(dòng)蕩局勢(shì)，緩和不滿情緒，遏制暴力及恐怖的滋生。
A new century has brought no end to tyranny. In capitalsaround the globe -- including, unfortunately, some of America’s partners -- there has been a crackdown on civil society. Thecancer of corruption has enriched too many governments and their cronies andenraged citizens from remote villages to iconic squares。
新世紀(jì)早已到來，暴政卻還未終結(jié)。不幸地，在一些國家，包括美國的伙伴國家在內(nèi)，鎮(zhèn)壓依然存在于公民社會(huì)中。腐敗的毒瘤養(yǎng)富了政府官員及其裙帶密友，但也激怒了全國各地的普通民眾。
And watching these trends, or the violent upheavals inparts of the Arab world, it’s easy to be cynical. But rememberthat because of America’s efforts -- because of Americandiplomacy and foreign assistance, as well as the sacrifices of our military --more people live under elected governments today than at any time in humanhistory. Technology is empowering civil society in ways that no iron fist cancontrol. New breakthroughs are lifting hundreds of millions of people out ofpoverty. And even the upheaval of the Arab world reflects the rejection of anauthoritarian order that was anything but stable, and now offers the long-termprospect of more responsive and effective governance。
想想這些現(xiàn)實(shí)潮流，想想阿拉伯世界的暴力動(dòng)亂，我們很容易變得憤世嫉俗。但要記住，是美國的努力奮斗，美國的外交政策，美國的對(duì)外援助，還有美國軍人的無私奉獻(xiàn)，使得更多人在民選政府的管理之下安居樂業(yè)，這在歷史上無可比擬?？萍假x予公民社會(huì)更多權(quán)利，這也是鐵臂金剛所控制不了的。得益于科技新突破，千百萬人擺脫貧困。甚至是阿拉伯世界的動(dòng)亂也反映了人們對(duì)動(dòng)蕩獨(dú)裁秩序的摒棄，也產(chǎn)生了對(duì)一個(gè)更為有求必應(yīng)的更有效率政府管理的長(zhǎng)期愿景。
In countries like Egypt, we acknowledge that ourrelationship is anchored in security interests, from peace treaties to Israelto shared efforts against violent extremism. So we have not cut off cooperationwith the new government, but we can and will persistently press for reformsthat the Egyptian people have demanded。
在埃及這樣的國家，我們承認(rèn)從和平條約到與以色列共同對(duì)抗暴力極端主義等安全利益方面，我們的關(guān)系停滯不前。我們沒有切斷與埃及新政府的往來合作，但我們有能力，也會(huì)堅(jiān)持推進(jìn)埃及人民要求的各項(xiàng)改革措施。
And meanwhile, look at a country like Myanmar, which only a few years ago was an intractabledictatorship and hostile to the United States. Forty million people. Thanks tothe enormous courage of the people in that country, and because we tookthe diplomatic initiative, American leadership, we haveseen political reforms opening a once- closed society; a movement by Myanmarleadership away from partnership with North Korea in favor of engagement withAmerica and our allies。
同時(shí)，再看看緬甸，僅僅幾年前還是頑固獨(dú)裁之地，還對(duì)美國持?jǐn)硨?duì)態(tài)度。多虧四千萬緬甸人的巨大勇氣，多虧美國主動(dòng)開啟的外交之旅，多虧美國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量的共同作用，我們看到了可喜的政治變革，看到了一個(gè)曾經(jīng)閉關(guān)的社會(huì)重新開放；緬甸領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人避與朝鮮合作，為的是實(shí)現(xiàn)與美國及美國同盟更好的交流往來。
We’re now supporting reform and badly needednational reconciliation through assistance and investment, through coaxing and,at times, public criticism. And progress there could be reversed, but ifMyanmar succeeds we will have gained a new partner without having fired a shot-- American leadership。
現(xiàn)在，通過投資援助、公開批評(píng)與感召勸服，我們支持緬甸改革、支持緬甸人民渴望的民族和解。發(fā)展進(jìn)程可能會(huì)倒退逆轉(zhuǎn)，如果不費(fèi)一兵一卒，如果緬甸取得成功，我們也就多了個(gè)合作伙伴，這就是美國的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力量。
In each of these cases, we should not expect change tohappen overnight. That’s why we form alliances -- not only withgovernments, but also with ordinary people. For unlike other nations, Americais not afraid of individual empowerment. We are strengthened by it. We’re strengthened by civil society. We’restrengthened by a free press. We’re strengthened bystriving entrepreneurs and small businesses. We’restrengthened by educational exchange and opportunity for all people and womenand girls. That’s who we are. That’s what we represent. (Applause。)
任何時(shí)候我們不能指望改變一蹴而就。所以我們必須結(jié)盟，不僅與政府結(jié)盟，也與普通民眾結(jié)成盟友。與其他國家不同，美國從不畏懼個(gè)人力量，而是從中汲取能量。公民社會(huì)，自由輿論，創(chuàng)業(yè)人才，小型企業(yè)，教育交流以及針對(duì)全社會(huì)面向婦女兒童敞開的機(jī)會(huì)之門無一不是我們的力量之源。這就是美國人，這才是美國夢(mèng)。
I saw that through a trip to Africa last year, whereAmerican assistance has made possible the prospect of an AIDS-free generation,while helping Africans care themselves for their sick. We’re helping farmers get their products to market to feed populationsonce endangered by famine. We aim to double access to electricity in sub-Saharan Africa so people are connected to the promise of the global economy.And all this creates new partners and shrinks the space for terrorism andconflict。
去年的非洲之行讓我看到美國向非洲伸出援手，治病救人，使得一代非洲人遠(yuǎn)離艾滋的愿景成為可能。我們幫助當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民銷售農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，令倍受饑荒折磨的人們不再挨餓。我們?yōu)槿龉阅系姆侵薜貐^(qū)帶去光明，讓全球經(jīng)濟(jì)的累累碩果惠及當(dāng)?shù)匕傩?。如此一來，既催生了新的合作伙伴，也搗毀了恐怖主義與暴力沖突的溫床。
Now, tragically, no American security operation caneradicate the threat posed by an extremist group like Boko Haram -- the groupthat kidnapped those girls。
遺憾的是，目前美國安全行動(dòng)還未能根除由極端組織帶來的威脅，例如綁架女童的博科圣地(BokoHaram)。
And that’s we have to focus not just on rescuing those girls right away, but also onsupporting Nigerian efforts to educate its youth. This should be one of thehard-earned lessons of Iraq and Afghanistan, where our military became thestrongest advocate for diplomacy and development. Theyunderstood that foreign assistance is not an afterthought -- something nice todo apart from our national defense, apart from our national security. It ispart of what makes us strong。
我們要做的不僅是解救被困女童，還應(yīng)支持尼日利亞發(fā)展青年教育事業(yè)。我們?cè)谝晾伺c阿富汗的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)表明美軍已成為外交與發(fā)展最強(qiáng)勁的倡導(dǎo)者。戰(zhàn)士們都明白對(duì)外援助并非事后諸葛亮，而是和國防及國土安全一樣不可偏廢的崇高事業(yè)。我們也因此變得強(qiáng)大。
Now, ultimately, global leadership requires us to see theworld as it is, with all its danger and uncertainty. We have to be prepared forthe worst, prepared for every contingency, but American leadership alsorequires us to see the world as it should be -- a place where the aspirationsof individual human beings really matters, where hopes and not just fearsgovern; where the truths written into our founding documents can steer thecurrents of history in the direction of justice. And we cannot do that withoutyou。
現(xiàn)在，最后我要說引領(lǐng)全球的使命要求我們直視這個(gè)充滿危險(xiǎn)與動(dòng)蕩的世界。除了未雨綢繆，防患于未然，我們別無選擇，但這并不妨礙我們勾畫未來世界的藍(lán)圖——人人心懷希望，凡事不再畏懼，讓寫入憲章的真理引領(lǐng)我們?cè)谕ㄍx的大道上勇往直前。這一切就看你們的了。
Class of 2014, you have taken this time to prepare on thequiet banks of the Hudson. You leave this place to carry forward a legacy thatno other military in human history can claim. You do so as part of a team thatextends beyond your units or even our Armed Forces, for in the course of yourservice, you will work as a team with diplomats and development experts。
各位2014屆畢業(yè)生，過去的你們是哈德遜河畔(西點(diǎn)軍校所在地)的學(xué)子，而今后離開象牙塔的你們將承載這份榮耀延續(xù)美國軍隊(duì)的輝煌。作為部隊(duì)的一員，每一位履行職責(zé)的你們終將匯聚成美國武裝部隊(duì)，因?yàn)樵谶@一過程中，你們實(shí)際上是在同外交官與發(fā)展專家并肩作戰(zhàn)。
You’ll get to know allies and train partners.And you will embody what it means for America to lead the world。
你們將結(jié)識(shí)盟友，培養(yǎng)搭檔，用你們的實(shí)際行動(dòng)告訴世界對(duì)美國來說領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界意味著什么。
Next week I will go to Normandy to honor the men whostormed the beaches there. And while it’s hard for manyAmericans to comprehend the courage and sense of duty that guided those whoboarded small ships, it’s familiar to you. At WestPoint, you define what it means to be a patriot。
下周，我將參加諾曼底登陸70周年紀(jì)念活動(dòng)。盡管許多美國人難以對(duì)諾曼底號(hào)船員的魄力與責(zé)任感感同身受，但是你們可以。在西點(diǎn)軍校，愛國者的形象由你們來塑造。
Three years ago Gavin White graduated from this academy. Hethen served in Afghanistan. Like the soldiers who came before him, Gavin was ina foreign land, helping people he’d never met,putting himself in harm’s way for the sake of hiscommunity and his family and the folks back home. Gavin lost one of his legs inan attack. I met him last year at Walter Reed. He was wounded but just asdetermined as the day that he arrived here at West Point. And he developed asimple goal. Today his sister Morgan will graduate. And true to his promise,Gavin will be there to stand and exchange salutes with her. (Cheers, applause。)
3年前，加文-懷特(GavinWhite)從西點(diǎn)畢業(yè)，前往阿富汗服役。和每一位投身阿富汗前線的士兵一樣，加文背井離鄉(xiāng)，幫助素未謀面的當(dāng)?shù)厝?，為了軍?duì)，家人和美國人民的利益不辭勞苦。加文在一次戰(zhàn)斗中不幸失去一條腿。去年我在沃爾特-里德(Walter Reed)陸軍醫(yī)療中心見過他。盡管負(fù)了傷，他仍然像剛進(jìn)西點(diǎn)時(shí)一樣，不忘初心，并且立下另一個(gè)志愿。今天，他的妹妹摩根(Morgan)也將從這里畢業(yè)。加文終于能夠兌現(xiàn)當(dāng)初的承諾，和妹妹互敬軍禮。
We have been through a long season of war. We have facedtrials that were not foreseen and we’ve seen divisionsabout how to move forward. But there is something in Gavin’s character, there is something in the American character, that willalways triumph。
我們經(jīng)歷了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的洗禮，經(jīng)受過突如其來的考驗(yàn)，開辟出前進(jìn)的道路。但是有一樣?xùn)|西烙在加文的骨子里，鐫刻在美國人與生俱來的品質(zhì)中，使得我們所向披靡。
Leaving here, you carry with you the respect of your fellowcitizens. You will represent a nation with history and hope on our side. Yourcharge now is not only to protect our country, but to do what is right andjust. As your commander in chief, I know you will. May God bless you. May Godbless our men and women in uniform. And may God bless the United States ofAmerica. (Cheers, applause。)
你們心系祖國人民，離開西點(diǎn)。你們代表的是一個(gè)歷經(jīng)風(fēng)雨，躊躇滿志的美國。你們的使命不僅是保家衛(wèi)國，更是伸張正義。身為最高統(tǒng)帥，我對(duì)你們充滿信心。愿上帝保佑你們，保佑美國公民，保佑美利堅(jiān)合眾國。(歡呼，掌聲)
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
