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本周的新聞熱詞有:
1.美發(fā)動(dòng)最大規(guī)模'貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)'
2.我國(guó)首提'垃圾計(jì)量收費(fèi)'
3.海南'無人島'準(zhǔn)個(gè)人開發(fā)
4.百度'自動(dòng)駕駛巴士'量產(chǎn)
5.清華'3D錄取通知書'走紅
1. 貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)
trade war
請(qǐng)看例句:
With the 25% additional tariffs on Chinese products worth 34 billion US dollars effective on Friday, the US has ignited the largest trade war in economic history, said a Ministry of Commerce spokesperson.
商務(wù)部發(fā)言人說,美國(guó)本月6日開始對(duì)340億美元中國(guó)產(chǎn)品加征25%的關(guān)稅,發(fā)動(dòng)了迄今為止經(jīng)濟(jì)史上規(guī)模最大的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。
發(fā)言人表示,這種征稅行為違反世貿(mào)規(guī)則(violates the World Trade Organization rules),是典型的貿(mào)易霸凌主義(represents a typical "trade bully"),正在嚴(yán)重危害全球產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈和價(jià)值鏈安全(pose a grave threat to the security of global industry and value chains),阻礙全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇步伐(hamper global economic recovery),引發(fā)全球市場(chǎng)動(dòng)蕩(trigger global market turmoil),還將波及全球更多無辜的跨國(guó)公司、一般企業(yè)和普通消費(fèi)者(deal a blow to many multinationals, enterprises and ordinary consumers),不但無助、還將有損于美國(guó)企業(yè)和人民利益。
發(fā)言人指出,中方承諾不打第一槍(vowed not to fire the first shot),但為了捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家核心利益和人民群眾利益,不得不被迫作出必要反擊(is forced to stage counter-attacks to protect the core national interests and interests of its people)。我們將及時(shí)向世貿(mào)組織通報(bào)相關(guān)情況,并與世界各國(guó)一道,共同維護(hù)自由貿(mào)易和多邊體制(defend free trade and multilateral mechanisms)。
同時(shí),中方再度重申,我們將堅(jiān)定不移深化改革(deepen reform)、擴(kuò)大開放(expand opening-up),保護(hù)企業(yè)家精神(protect entrepreneurship),強(qiáng)化產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)(strengthen protection of intellectual property rights),為世界各國(guó)在華企業(yè)創(chuàng)造良好營(yíng)商環(huán)境。我們將持續(xù)評(píng)估有關(guān)企業(yè)所受影響,并將努力采取有效措施幫助企業(yè)(assess the impact on affected companies and take effective measures to offer them support)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
采取對(duì)策 take countermeasures
切實(shí)行動(dòng) tangible action
全球金融體系 global financial system
保護(hù)主義 protectionism
2. 垃圾計(jì)量收費(fèi)
garbage charged by weight
請(qǐng)看例句:
China mulls a new policy of charging for solid waste processing as a means of reducing the amount of waste generated. This is the first time the government has advanced a fee for garbage disposal based on weight.
我國(guó)計(jì)劃出臺(tái)固體廢物處理收費(fèi)新政,以減少垃圾產(chǎn)生量。這是我國(guó)首次提出垃圾計(jì)量收費(fèi)。
2日,國(guó)家發(fā)改委發(fā)布《關(guān)于創(chuàng)新和完善促進(jìn)綠色發(fā)展價(jià)格機(jī)制的意見》(guidelines on innovating and improving the price mechanism aimed at promoting green development),要求全面建立覆蓋成本并合理盈利的固體廢物處理收費(fèi)機(jī)制(build a nationwide solid waste disposal charging mechanism that fully covers the cost and allows reasonable profit for waste processing companies),加快建立有利于促進(jìn)垃圾分類(garbage classification)和減量化、無害化處理的激勵(lì)約束機(jī)制。
具體措施包括:建立健全城鎮(zhèn)生活垃圾處理(urban domestic garbage disposal)收費(fèi)機(jī)制,完善城鎮(zhèn)生活垃圾分類和減量化激勵(lì)機(jī)制,探索建立農(nóng)村垃圾處理收費(fèi)制度,完善危險(xiǎn)廢物處置(hazardous waste disposal)收費(fèi)機(jī)制等四個(gè)方面。
發(fā)改委稱,2020年底前,全國(guó)城市及建制鎮(zhèn)全面建立生活垃圾處理收費(fèi)制度(a comprehensive charging system for collecting and processing household waste)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
sustainable development 可持續(xù)發(fā)展
shortages of natural resources 自然資源短缺
curb environmental damage 遏制環(huán)境破壞
harmless disposal of garbage 垃圾無害化處理
recycling of garbage 垃圾循環(huán)利用
3. 無人島
uninhabited/unpopulated island
請(qǐng)看例句:
Hainan province updated a regulation on the development of small uninhabited islands on Wednesday, aiming to better protect the islands and standardize approval procedures.
海南省4日新出臺(tái)了關(guān)于無人島開發(fā)的規(guī)定,旨在更好地保護(hù)海島,規(guī)范審批流程。
海南省海洋與漁業(yè)廳4日公布《海南省無居民海島開發(fā)利用審批辦法》,明確單位或個(gè)人申請(qǐng)開發(fā)利用無居民海島的審批流程。單位或個(gè)人(entity or individual)申請(qǐng)開發(fā)利用無居民海島(uninhabited islands),應(yīng)向省級(jí)海洋行政主管部門提出申請(qǐng),并提交無居民海島開發(fā)利用申請(qǐng)書(application)、具體方案(development plans)和項(xiàng)目論證報(bào)告(project appraisal reports)。
海南省要求,編制無居民海島開發(fā)利用具體方案應(yīng)依據(jù)有關(guān)法律法規(guī)、規(guī)劃、技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范,合理確定用島面積、用島方式和布局、開發(fā)強(qiáng)度等,集約節(jié)約利用海島資源;合理確定建筑物、設(shè)施的建設(shè)總量、高度以及與海岸線的距離(the heights of buildings and facilities, as well as their distance from the coastline should be reasonable),并實(shí)行海島保護(hù)措施,建立海島生態(tài)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)站(點(diǎn))(monitoring stations),防止廢水、廢氣、廢渣、粉塵、放射性物質(zhì)等對(duì)海島及其周邊海域生態(tài)系統(tǒng)造成破壞(wastewater, gas, residue, dust and radioactive substances must not damage the ecosystems of the islands and their surrounding waters)。
辦法明確,無居民海島開發(fā)利用的最高期限,參照海域使用權(quán)的有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行:
The regulation sets a limit of 15 years for aquaculture uses, 25 years for tourism and entertainment, 30 years for salt and mining industries, 40 years for public welfare purposes and 50 years for ports, shipyards and other construction projects.
養(yǎng)殖用島十五年;旅游、娛樂用島二十五年;鹽業(yè)、礦業(yè)用島三十年;公益事業(yè)用島四十年;港口、修造船廠等建設(shè)工程用島五十年。
辦法稱,無居民海島開發(fā)利用期限屆滿,用島單位或個(gè)人需要繼續(xù)開發(fā)利用的,應(yīng)當(dāng)在期限屆滿兩個(gè)月前向海南省人民政府申請(qǐng)續(xù)期(apply for renewal)。準(zhǔn)予續(xù)期的,用島單位或個(gè)人應(yīng)當(dāng)依法繳納續(xù)期的無居民海島使用金(pay the lease fee)。未申請(qǐng)續(xù)期或申請(qǐng)續(xù)期未獲批準(zhǔn)的,無居民海島開發(fā)利用終止。
[背景知識(shí)]
2010年3月1日,中國(guó)《海島保護(hù)法(Island Protection Law of the People's Republic of China)》出臺(tái),明確規(guī)定無居民海島屬國(guó)家所有,由國(guó)務(wù)院代表國(guó)家行使無居民海島所有權(quán)(uninhabited islands belong to the state, and the State Council shall exercise the ownership of uninhabited islands on behalf of the state),凡是無居民海島開發(fā)利用,都必須報(bào)經(jīng)省級(jí)人民政府或者國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn)并取得海島使用權(quán)、繳納海島使用金。
2011年4月12日,中國(guó)公布首批無居民海島開發(fā)名錄,這些無居民海島最長(zhǎng)開發(fā)使用年限為50年。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
近海島嶼 offshore island
開發(fā)利用 development and utilization
海洋生態(tài) ocean ecology
專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū) exclusive economic zone
4. 自動(dòng)駕駛巴士
self-driving bus
請(qǐng)看例句:
One of China's biggest technology companies has declared it has begun mass production of a self-driving bus. Baidu said the vehicles would initially be put to commercial use within Chinese cities but added it was also targeting foreign markets.
中國(guó)最大科技公司之一宣布其自動(dòng)駕駛巴士已開始量產(chǎn)。百度稱這些無人駕駛巴士將首先在中國(guó)城市投入商用,但也將以外國(guó)市場(chǎng)為目標(biāo)。
百度首席執(zhí)行官李彥宏近日在北京舉行的百度AI開發(fā)者大會(huì)(artificial intelligence developer conference)上宣布,百度和金龍客車合作的全球首款L4級(jí)自動(dòng)駕駛巴士(level-4 self-driving bus)"阿波龍"(Apolong)正式量產(chǎn)下線。這款8座巴士的大小為普通巴士的1/3,沒有駕駛位、方向盤、油門及剎車踏板(It has no driver's seat, steering wheel or pedals)。這款巴士由電力驅(qū)動(dòng)(runs on electric power),充電2小時(shí)后最多能行駛100公里(can travel up to 100 km after a two-hour charge)。
根據(jù)國(guó)際自動(dòng)機(jī)工程師學(xué)會(huì)(SAE)的自動(dòng)駕駛分級(jí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),L4級(jí)別為超高度自動(dòng)駕駛(highly automated driving)級(jí)別,在大多數(shù)環(huán)境下由系統(tǒng)獨(dú)自完成所有的駕駛操作(systems can cope with most driving conditions)。它比最高等級(jí)5級(jí)低一級(jí),L5級(jí)別則可擴(kuò)展到所有駕駛場(chǎng)景(extends to all driving scenarios),包括泥路(dirt roads)和異常天氣條件(unusual weather conditions)等。
李彥宏表示,2018年將是自動(dòng)駕駛產(chǎn)品化元年(2018 marks the first year of commercialization for autonomous driving),過去中國(guó)向世界出口廉價(jià)商品(cheap commodities),未來中國(guó)將向世界出口人工智能技術(shù)(AI technology)。有國(guó)外專家認(rèn)為,從短期看,此類交通工具比自動(dòng)駕駛小轎車更有可能被公眾接受(such vehicles have a greater chance of public acceptance than self-driving cars)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
人工干預(yù) manual intervention
自動(dòng)變道 auto lane change
避障 obstacles avoidance
找車位 hunt for a parking spot
5. 3D錄取通知書
3D admission/acceptance letter
請(qǐng)看例句:
Tsinghua University recently posted their new 2018 acceptance package online, which includes a 3D paper sculpture of the college's "Old Gate". The 3D acceptance letter immediately goes viral.
清華大學(xué)近日在網(wǎng)上公布了2018年該校新版錄取通知書,內(nèi)附3D打印"二校門"紙雕。這款3D錄取通知書即刻火了。
這件工藝品由清華大學(xué)師生共同打造(made by faculty and students at Tsinghua),包含了30多個(gè)部件(components)和上百個(gè)通過激光雕刻技術(shù)制作的拼插結(jié)構(gòu)(interlocking structures created using laser cutting technology)。報(bào)考者打開錄取通知書,3D"二校門"就會(huì)躍然紙上(pops out from the page)。
清華招生辦表示,將3D"二校門"置于錄取通知書上既傳遞著歷史的端莊與厚重(convey its elegance and solemnity throughout history),也承載著新時(shí)代中的另一番意味:靈感與智慧、青春與未來(carry other meanings in the new era: inspiration and wisdom, youth and the future)。
清華官微專門介紹了這款3D錄取通知書,并寫道:"當(dāng)你在盛夏八月穿過這座'二校門',一個(gè)全新的世界將在你面前徐徐鋪開,一個(gè)嶄新的清華將等待你探索與創(chuàng)造。"(When you cross the Old Gate in August, a new world will emerge in front of you, and a brand-new Tsinghua awaits your discovery and creation.)該貼迅速走紅網(wǎng)絡(luò),一位網(wǎng)友評(píng)論稱:"我飄了,我想要。"
[相關(guān)詞匯]
準(zhǔn)考證 exam attendance docket
報(bào)志愿 college application
高考狀元 gaokao top scorer
學(xué)生手冊(cè) student guidebook
新生報(bào)到 registration for freshmen
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(來源:CHINADAILY手機(jī)報(bào) 編輯:彭娜、丹妮、實(shí)習(xí)生馬青玲)
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