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一周新聞熱詞榜,一網(wǎng)打盡trending news。CHINADAILY手機(jī)報(bào)新一期熱詞榜發(fā)榜啦!
本周的新聞熱詞有:
1.習(xí)近平:打好'三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)'
2.國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā)'大科學(xué)'方案
3.美拋'征稅清單'我國(guó)反擊
4.京滬等加入'人才爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)'
5.國(guó)外放寬'基因檢測(cè)'監(jiān)管
1. 三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)
three tough battles
中共中央總書(shū)記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席、中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)主任習(xí)近平4月2日下午主持召開(kāi)中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)第一次會(huì)議,研究打好三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)的思路和舉措,研究審定《中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)工作規(guī)則》。
三大攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)(three tough battles)是:防范化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(preventing and defusing financial risks)、精準(zhǔn)脫貧(targeted poverty alleviation)、污染防治(pollution control)。
習(xí)近平在會(huì)上發(fā)表重要講話強(qiáng)調(diào):
防范化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn),事關(guān)國(guó)家安全、發(fā)展全局、人民財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,是實(shí)現(xiàn)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展必須跨越的重大關(guān)口。
Preventing and defusing financial risks is relevant to national security, overall development, and the security of people's property, and is a key threshold that the country must cross to achieve high-quality growth.
精準(zhǔn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)已取得階段性進(jìn)展,只能打贏打好。
The country has made progress in its fight against poverty, a battle that must be won.
環(huán)境問(wèn)題是全社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn),也是全面建成小康社會(huì)能否得到人民認(rèn)可的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵,要堅(jiān)決打好打勝這場(chǎng)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。
Environmental issues are a major concern for the public, and are decisive to Chinese people's judgment of the success of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, this is a battle we must win.
會(huì)議指出,打好防范化解金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),要堅(jiān)持底線思維,堅(jiān)持穩(wěn)中求進(jìn),抓住主要矛盾。地方政府和企業(yè)特別是國(guó)有企業(yè)要盡快把杠桿降下來(lái)(China should reduce the leverage ratio of local governments and companies, especially State-owned enterprises),努力實(shí)現(xiàn)宏觀杠桿率穩(wěn)定和逐步下降。要分類施策,根據(jù)不同領(lǐng)域、不同市場(chǎng)金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)情況,采取差異化、有針對(duì)性的辦法(tailored policies should be used to control risks in different financial markets)。
會(huì)議強(qiáng)調(diào),打好精準(zhǔn)脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),要咬定總攻目標(biāo),嚴(yán)格堅(jiān)持現(xiàn)行扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(authorities should stick to the current poverty relief standards),不能擅自拔高標(biāo)準(zhǔn),也不能降低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(should not make arbitrary decisions to raise or lower the standards)。
會(huì)議指出,打好污染防治攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn),要明確目標(biāo)任務(wù),到2020年使主要污染物排放總量大幅減少(significant reduction of the release of major pollutants),生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量總體改善。
要堅(jiān)持源頭防治,調(diào)整"四個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)",做到"四減四增"。一是要調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)(adjust industrial structure),減少過(guò)剩和落后產(chǎn)業(yè)(phasing out surplus and backward industries),增加新的增長(zhǎng)動(dòng)能(fostering new growth drivers)。二是要調(diào)整能源結(jié)構(gòu)(adjust energy structure),減少煤炭消費(fèi)(cutting coal consumption),增加清潔能源使用(increasing the use of clean energy)。三是要調(diào)整運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)(adjust structure of transport),減少公路運(yùn)輸量(lowering percentage of road transport),增加鐵路運(yùn)輸量(increasing percentage of rail freight)。四是要調(diào)整農(nóng)業(yè)投入結(jié)構(gòu)(adjust input structure of agriculture),減少化肥農(nóng)藥使用量(cutting the use of pesticides),增加有機(jī)肥使用量(encouraging the use of organic fertilizers)。
2. 大科學(xué)
big science
請(qǐng)看例句:
China's State Council has issued a set of guidelines to encourage the launch of more international "big science" projects.
國(guó)務(wù)院印發(fā)了一系列鼓勵(lì)組織國(guó)際大科學(xué)工程的指導(dǎo)方案。
The guidelines, which were distributed to provincial-level governments as well as ministries and institutions of the State Council, called on them to take the lead in launching international big science research plans and projects, using domestic and overseas scientific resources.
該方案要求省級(jí)政府以及國(guó)務(wù)院各部委、各直屬機(jī)構(gòu)利用國(guó)內(nèi)外科學(xué)資源,牽頭組織國(guó)際大科學(xué)計(jì)劃和大科學(xué)工程。
《方案》指出,國(guó)際大科學(xué)計(jì)劃和大科學(xué)工程(international big science research plans and projects)是人類開(kāi)拓知識(shí)前沿、探索未知世界和解決重大全球性問(wèn)題的重要手段,是一個(gè)國(guó)家綜合實(shí)力(comprehensive strength)和科技創(chuàng)新競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力(competitiveness in science and innovation)的重要體現(xiàn)。大科學(xué)計(jì)劃以實(shí)現(xiàn)重大科學(xué)問(wèn)題的原創(chuàng)性突破(original breakthroughs in major scientific problems)為目標(biāo),是基礎(chǔ)研究在科學(xué)前沿領(lǐng)域的全方位拓展,對(duì)于推動(dòng)世界科技創(chuàng)新與進(jìn)步、應(yīng)對(duì)人類社會(huì)面臨的共同挑戰(zhàn)具有重要支撐作用。
《方案》明確了我國(guó)牽頭組織國(guó)際大科學(xué)計(jì)劃和大科學(xué)工程面向2020年、2035年以及本世紀(jì)中葉的"三步走"發(fā)展目標(biāo):
近期目標(biāo):到2020年,培育3-5個(gè)項(xiàng)目,研究遴選并啟動(dòng)1-2個(gè)我國(guó)牽頭組織的大科學(xué)計(jì)劃,初步形成牽頭組織大科學(xué)計(jì)劃的機(jī)制做法(form a mechanism of launching big science projects),為后續(xù)工作探索積累有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
中期目標(biāo):到2035年,培育6-10個(gè)項(xiàng)目,啟動(dòng)培育成熟項(xiàng)目,形成我國(guó)牽頭組織的大科學(xué)計(jì)劃初期布局(build a preliminary framework of launching big science projects),提升在全球若干科技領(lǐng)域的影響力(enhance China's influence in several scientific and technological fields around the world)。
遠(yuǎn)期目標(biāo):到本世紀(jì)中葉,培育若干項(xiàng)目,啟動(dòng)培育成熟項(xiàng)目,我國(guó)原始科技創(chuàng)新能力顯著提高,在國(guó)際科技創(chuàng)新治理體系中發(fā)揮重要作用(play significant role in international scientific innovation and governance),持續(xù)為全球重大科技議題作出貢獻(xiàn)(contribute to major global scientific and technological issues)。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
宇宙演化 evolution of the universe
生命起源 origin of life
巨資投入 heavy investment
精密設(shè)備 sophisticated equipment
3. 征稅清單
tariff list
請(qǐng)看例句:
China announced on Wednesday a list of US products valued at $50 billion annually that are subject to additional tariffs as a reciprocal trade measure to safeguard its legitimate interests. Earlier, the US government rolled out a massive list of tariffs for $50 billion worth of Chinese products.
4日,作為報(bào)復(fù)性貿(mào)易舉措,我國(guó)公布了擬對(duì)自美國(guó)進(jìn)口的500億美元商品加征關(guān)稅的產(chǎn)品清單,以保護(hù)我國(guó)的合法權(quán)益。早前,美國(guó)政府公布了對(duì)我國(guó)價(jià)值500億美元出口商品的大規(guī)模征稅清單。
3日,美國(guó)貿(mào)易代表辦公室依據(jù)"301調(diào)查(Section 301 investigation)"結(jié)果,公布了對(duì)華征稅清單(tariff list)。清單涉及航空航天(aerospace)、信息和通信技術(shù)(information and communication technology)、機(jī)器人(robotics)和機(jī)械(machinery)等行業(yè),包含大約1300個(gè)獨(dú)立關(guān)稅項(xiàng)目,涉及我國(guó)500億美元出口,建議稅率為25%。多家美國(guó)媒體表示此次加征關(guān)稅直指中國(guó)的高科技制造業(yè)產(chǎn)品。
我國(guó)商務(wù)部新聞發(fā)言人第一時(shí)間表示,美方不顧中方的嚴(yán)正交涉(disregard strong representations by China),毫無(wú)事實(shí)依據(jù),公布征稅建議(tariff proposals),是典型的單邊主義和貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義做法(a typical unilateralist and protectionist practice),中方強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé),堅(jiān)決反對(duì)。中方擬立即將美方有關(guān)做法訴諸世貿(mào)組織爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制(the WTO dispute settlement system)。發(fā)言人還表示,中方準(zhǔn)備對(duì)美產(chǎn)品采取同等力度、同等規(guī)模的對(duì)等措施(take counter measures on US products with equal force and scale)。
財(cái)政部4日發(fā)布消息,經(jīng)國(guó)務(wù)院批準(zhǔn),國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)稅稅則委員會(huì)決定對(duì)原產(chǎn)于美國(guó)的大豆(soybeans)、牛肉(beef)、汽車(cars)、化工品(chemicals)、飛機(jī)(airplanes)等14類106項(xiàng)商品加征25%的關(guān)稅,涉及中國(guó)自美進(jìn)口金額約500億美元。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義措施 trade protectionist measures
來(lái)而不往非禮也 it is only polite to reciprocate
保持理性,著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn) with sense and long-term picture in mind
不要在錯(cuò)誤的道路上越走越遠(yuǎn) refrain from going further down the wrong path
4. 人才爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)
talent scramble battle
請(qǐng)看例句:
The favorable policies offered by second- and third-tier cities to attract more talents have put pressure on first-tier cities such as Beijing and Shanghai to take similar measures.
二三線城市推出的吸引人才的優(yōu)惠政策對(duì)北京、上海等一線城市構(gòu)成了壓力,促使這些一線城市推出類似舉措。
今年以來(lái),全國(guó)多個(gè)城市陸續(xù)發(fā)布"引才新政"(new favorable policies to attract more talents),符合條件的人才將獲得包括落戶(permanent household registration, or hukou)、租房補(bǔ)貼(subsidy for rental housing)、安家費(fèi)(settling-in allowance)、創(chuàng)業(yè)貸款(loans for startups)等多方面的政策激勵(lì)。
3月下旬,北京、上海等一線城市接連發(fā)布人才新政,從全球引進(jìn)各領(lǐng)域高端人才(high-end talents)。北京提出建立優(yōu)秀人才引進(jìn)的"綠色通道"(a "green channel" for outstanding talents),可在聘用單位的集體戶落戶,配偶及未成年子女隨調(diào)隨遷。上海同樣為高端人才及其家屬在戶口、住房等方面給予優(yōu)待(special treatment for high-end talents and their families)。
中國(guó)人民大學(xué)勞動(dòng)與人事學(xué)院副教授魯全認(rèn)為,京滬等一線城市(first-tier cities)從全球引進(jìn)高端人才,標(biāo)志著人才爭(zhēng)奪戰(zhàn)(talent scramble battle)已經(jīng)覆蓋全國(guó)主要城市。對(duì)人才的渴求實(shí)則是城市轉(zhuǎn)型的需求,也是整個(gè)國(guó)家進(jìn)入高質(zhì)量發(fā)展(high-quality development)階段的必然選擇。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
人才流失 brain drain
政府貼息貸款 discount government loans
公租房 public rental housing
限價(jià)房 price-fixed housing
人口紅利 demographic dividend
5. 基因檢測(cè)
genetic test
請(qǐng)看例句:
According to reports, the US Food and Drug Administration is allowing 23andMe, a US company, to sell genetic tests to people without doctor's prescription, indicating the FDA is further easing its regulation of the genetic test industry in the US.
據(jù)報(bào)道,美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局(FDA)將允許美國(guó)23andMe公司在沒(méi)有醫(yī)生處方的情況下出售基因檢測(cè)服務(wù),這表明FDA正進(jìn)一步放寬對(duì)基因檢測(cè)行業(yè)的監(jiān)管。
對(duì)我國(guó)大多數(shù)消費(fèi)者而言,基因檢測(cè)(genetic test)仍然是一個(gè)新鮮事物。但前瞻產(chǎn)業(yè)研究院預(yù)計(jì),未來(lái)五年我國(guó)基因檢測(cè)市場(chǎng)的復(fù)合增長(zhǎng)率在35%左右,2020年我國(guó)基因檢測(cè)市場(chǎng)份額(the market share of China's genetic test industry)有望突破300億,更長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的潛在市場(chǎng)(longterm potential market)過(guò)千億。
但基因檢測(cè)服務(wù)的市場(chǎng)化(the marketization of genetic test services)也帶來(lái)了隱私泄露的巨大風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(huge risks of privacy leaks)。人們向基因檢測(cè)公司提供唾液樣本(saliva sample)時(shí)根本無(wú)法得知該基因樣本(gene sample)會(huì)被如何處置或使用,個(gè)人基因信息(individual genetic information),尤其是致病基因(disease-causing genes)有泄露的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),而這可能導(dǎo)致歧視或侵權(quán)行為的發(fā)生。
[相關(guān)詞匯]
基因缺陷 genetic defect
基因隱私 genetic privacy
基因編輯 gene editing
基因測(cè)序 gene sequencing
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(來(lái)源:CHINADAILY手機(jī)報(bào) 編輯:馬文英、彭娜、丹妮、實(shí)習(xí)生朱蕓、實(shí)習(xí)生鄭麗)
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