漢語(yǔ)“去方便一下”是一句委婉語(yǔ),即“去洗手間”。如今在一些正式場(chǎng)合,很少有人會(huì)說(shuō)“去廁所”。在過(guò)去,“廁所”本來(lái)也是婉辭,原意是“側(cè)面的房子”。(“茅房”過(guò)去也是婉辭,因?yàn)榫幼〉恼慷嘤猛呱w,而廁所則比較簡(jiǎn)陋,通常用茅草蓋。)
英語(yǔ)里表示“廁所”的婉辭更多。在多年前的英語(yǔ)課堂上,我們認(rèn)識(shí)了washroom和WC(water closet的縮略語(yǔ),原指“盥洗室”)。這兩個(gè)詞如今在美國(guó)已很少被使用,現(xiàn)在美國(guó)人一般說(shuō)restroom或bathroom,英國(guó)人則多說(shuō)lavatory(在美語(yǔ)中,只有火車或飛機(jī)上的廁所才被叫做lavatory)。此外,英國(guó)人常用toilet指廁所或馬桶,而美國(guó)人則只用其指馬桶。
一些文化人還給“如廁”起了許多有趣的名稱,比如:comfort station, cloakroom, retiring room, public convenience, house of amusement, chamber of commerce, old soldiers’ home。
在英國(guó),人們有時(shí)將“廁所”稱為loo,據(jù)說(shuō)由于英國(guó)許多門牌號(hào)為100號(hào)的房屋多為廁所,loo與數(shù)字100形似,故而得名。
在一些非正式場(chǎng)合,表示“想去方便一下”的說(shuō)法則更多:I'd like/I want/I am going...
(Gentleman): to go somewhere, to go into retreat, to go to the bank, to go to the john, to go to my private office, to go to Egypt, to go to tap a kidney, to cash a check, to pluck a rose, to shake hands with an old friend, to ease oneself, to shoot a lion, to release one's nature, to water the lawn, to shake dew off the lily, to look at those foul verses in Poets' Corner (“詩(shī)人角”是倫敦Westminster Abbey中埋葬詩(shī)人的墓地)
(Lady): to fix one's face, to powder one's nose, to freshen up, to get some fresh air, to go and see one's aunt
在聚會(huì)時(shí),英美朋友如需要去方便一下,他們有時(shí)并不明說(shuō),而是說(shuō)May I be excused?或May I adjourn? 這時(shí),你千萬(wàn)不要問(wèn)他/她要去哪里。當(dāng)然,小朋友們通常會(huì)直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō):I wanna pee pee/piss/make water/go to the pot.如果你在外國(guó)朋友家做客,想去方便又不知道廁所在哪,不妨婉轉(zhuǎn)地問(wèn)主人:“What is the geography/layout of the house?”
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(來(lái)源:21世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)? 作者:陳德彰 ?編輯:Julie)