動(dòng)物比喻(Animal Metaphors)在英漢兩種語言中均有廣泛的使用,它使語言生氣勃勃,形象鮮明。然而,由于文化背景、思維方式的不同,人們對動(dòng)物比喻的正確理解和翻譯存有障礙。從翻譯的角度總體說來,動(dòng)物比喻可以分為兩大類:
一類是:譯語與原語存在對應(yīng)的關(guān)系,使動(dòng)物形象再現(xiàn)成為可能。根據(jù)兩種語言在意義、形象或風(fēng)格上的相似性,翻譯時(shí)可采用同值、近值互借法,以再現(xiàn)原語形象。例如:
1.What a dull speech! He's merely parroting what many others have said.多么單調(diào)乏味的講話!他不過是鸚鵡學(xué)舌,重復(fù)許多人說過的話而已。
2. A wolf in sheep's clothing 披著羊皮的狼
3. One swallow does not make a summer.孤燕不成夏。
4. He is as sly as a fox. You've got to watch him.他狡猾得像個(gè)狐貍。對他你可要當(dāng)心點(diǎn)兒。
5. You stupid ass! How could you do a thing like that? 你這頭蠢驢!怎么會(huì)干出那種事兒來?
6. The children were as busy as bees, making preparations for the festival.孩子們準(zhǔn)備過節(jié)忙得像蜜蜂一樣。
另一類是:同一動(dòng)物形象在原語和譯語中的語用意義相去甚遠(yuǎn),甚至完全相悖。因此,在翻譯過程中就出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)物形象名稱的轉(zhuǎn)換。這種動(dòng)物形象的轉(zhuǎn)換可以是一種動(dòng)物形象轉(zhuǎn)換為另一種動(dòng)物形象。例如:
1. Talk horse.吹牛。(horse譯為“?!保?/p>
2. Ass in a lion's skin.狐假虎威。(ass譯為“狐”,lion譯為“虎”)
3. Black sheep.害群之馬。(sheep譯為“馬”)
4. Lock the stable door after the horse is stolen.亡羊補(bǔ)牢。(horse譯為“羊”)
5. Cast pearls before swine.對牛彈琴。(swine譯為“?!保?/p>
6. When the cat is away, the mice will play.山中無老虎,猴子稱大王。(cat譯為“老虎”,mice譯為“猴子”)
7. As hungry as a bear.餓得像狼。(bear譯為“狼”)
8. Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.殺雞取卵。(goose譯為“雞”)
9. As timid as a hare.膽小如鼠。(hare充為“鼠”)
10.Neither fish, flesh nor fowl.非驢非馬。(fish, flesh譯為“驢”owl譯為“馬”)
11.Break a fly upon the wheel.殺雞用牛刀。(fly譯為“雞”)
(通訊員稿 英語點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯)
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(英語點(diǎn)津姍姍編輯)