A showdown between Russia, on one side, and the United States and the European Union, on the other, drew closer here Sunday, as two American senators told a crowd of hundreds of thousands of protesters that Ukraine’s future lies to the west, not the east. “We are here,” said Sen. John McCain (R-Ariz.), “to support your just cause: the sovereign right to determine [Ukraine’s] own destiny freely and independently. And the destiny you seek lies in Europe.” Added Sen. Chris Murphy (D-Conn.): “Ukraine’s future stands with Europe, and the U.S. stands with Ukraine.” “Molodtsi,” the crowd chanted in Ukrainian, indicating its approval.?But the president whom the opposition so despises, Viktor Yanukovych, is heading Tuesday for Russia to cement deals involving natural gas purchases and financial credits to prop up his country’s ailing economy. Yanukovych has vowed that he will not commit Ukraine to Russian President Vladimir Putin’s new Eurasian Customs Union, but the Ukrainian opposition doesn’t believe him. Murphy, McCain and European politicians who addressed the crowd in Kiev on Sunday turned up the pressure on Yanukovych, promising that their governments will consider individual financial sanctions against responsible Ukrainian officials if there is any further outbreak of police violence against the protesters who come and go at the semi-permanent encampment on Kiev’s Independence Square. Yanukovych has tried to mollify the opposition by resuming talks with the E.U. on a trade agreement. His Nov. 21 decision to back away from the deal triggered the protest movement. But in Brussels on Sunday, the E.U. commissioner for expansion, Stefan Fule, announced on Twitter that he was suspending negotiations with Ukraine on a revised trade agreement because Yanukovych’s words and actions on the issue were “moving further and further apart.” Ukraine’s arguments in favor of better terms than those agreed to earlier this year have “no grounds in reality,” Fule wrote. Still, Elmar Brok, a member of the European Parliament, told the crowd in Kiev, “The door for Ukraine to Europe is open.” Opposition leaders are concerned that if Yanukovych signs an agreement on Ukraine’s eventual membership in Russia’s Eurasian Customs Union, that would remove the possibility of a pact with the E.U. “If the agreement is signed, he can remain in Moscow and not return to Kiev,” Arseniy Yatsenyuk, head of the Fatherland party, said from the stage here Sunday. Demonstrators have turned out for three weeks in the encampment on Independence Square, expanding the scope of their protest to denounce police violence and political corruption. The protesters insist that they will not leave until Yanukovych is booted out of office. But it is unclear which side in the fight for Ukraine’s future has more stamina and resolve. The government is “expecting cold weather to break people’s spirits,” said Yakov Hutsul, 29, who runs an air-conditioning business in Ternopil, in western Ukraine. “But we’ll be here. Cold weather is not the main evil we’re contending with. There is no way back.” With the temperature hovering around freezing, Sunday’s turnout appeared to be somewhat smaller than a huge rally a week earlier, but news agencies estimated that it still drew about 200,000 people, bedecked in hats, scarves and Ukrainian flags. A smaller rally of about 15,000 people, also arrayed in Ukrainian flag paraphernalia, showed its support for Yanukovych in a hilltop park near the parliament building. “We’re here so this can all end peacefully,” said Lyudmila Akhmedzhanova, 50, a teacher who, unusually for a Yanukovych supporter, comes from western Ukraine. “And we’re here for the European Union.” She said that she was not opposed to an eventual alliance with the European Union but that now was not the time. “We’re supporting Yanukovych because we need to wait a little,” Akhmedzhanova said. “With time, we can come to a European level.” At promptly 4 p.m., the Yanukovych backers dispersed. “These are all bureaucrats,” said Bogdan Vuyko, 57, who lives in Sevastopol and came to observe both camps. Most of the pro-government demonstrators were not from Kiev, he said. “They have to get home and get to work tomorrow.” Vuyko said some of his friends had been pressed by Yanukovych’s Party of Regions, which organized the pro-government rally, into attending. “Nobody’s actually listening to the speakers,” he said. The square where the protest against Yanukovych is rooted, known to all simply as “the Maidan,” has taken a central place in the lives of some Kievans. “When I wake up and turn on the radio and hear that the Maidan is still alive,” said Yelena Gorlocheva, 51, “I know I can get up and make myself a coffee.” Solid lines of police vehicles and heavily armored officers separated the two rallies Sunday. No serious incidents were reported. Kateryna Bondar, 22, part of the anti-government demonstration, said Yanukovych’s suspension of four officials Saturday for their involvement in a police raid against protesters was an insufficient step. She said that even if he fired the prime minister, Mykola Azarov, that still wouldn’t be enough. “He has to take first responsibility,” she said. “There’s nothing he can do to save himself. Firing others is a sign of cowardice.” She said the protest would continue until Yanukovych is gone. “You are making history,” Murphy, the senator, told the crowd. “If you are successful, the United States will stand with you every step of the way.” McCain commended veterans of the Soviet war in Afghanistan who have been helping to defend the protest site. “Ukraine will make Europe better,” he said, “and Europe will make Ukraine better.” He then quoted the 19th-century Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko: “Love your Ukraine, love her in cruel times, love her in cruel moments, pray to God for her.” |
據(jù)美國(guó)《華盛頓郵報(bào)》12月16日?qǐng)?bào)道,當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間15日,兩位美國(guó)參議員在烏克蘭首都基輔發(fā)表演講,明確告知臺(tái)下數(shù)萬(wàn)名反對(duì)派示威者“烏克蘭的未來(lái)在西方,而不是東方”。由此,烏克蘭當(dāng)局面臨的壓力倍增,它必須盡快給出“向西還是往東”這道單選題的答案。 ***美國(guó)支持烏克蘭“向西” 15日,駐守在基輔獨(dú)立廣場(chǎng)的反對(duì)派示威者迎來(lái)兩位特殊的“遠(yuǎn)方來(lái)客”——美國(guó)參議員約翰·麥凱恩和克里斯托弗·墨菲。他們發(fā)表演講,公開闡明美國(guó)支持烏克蘭融入歐盟一體化進(jìn)程的立場(chǎng)。 “我們來(lái)這里是為了支持你們的正義事業(yè):自由、獨(dú)立地決定(烏克蘭)命運(yùn)的主權(quán)權(quán)利。”麥凱恩賣力演說(shuō)、試圖讓臺(tái)下的觀眾相信烏克蘭的命運(yùn)與歐洲相連,“烏克蘭將使歐洲變得更好,歐洲也會(huì)使烏克蘭變得更好”。 為了讓自己的話語(yǔ)激起更多共鳴,麥凱恩還引用了19世紀(jì)烏克蘭詩(shī)人塔拉斯·舍甫琴科的名句:“熱愛你的烏克蘭,在野蠻的時(shí)代愛她,在殘酷的時(shí)刻愛她,在上帝面前為她祈禱?!?/p> 而站在一旁的墨菲也補(bǔ)充道:“烏克蘭的未來(lái)在歐洲,美國(guó)支持烏克蘭作出這一選擇……你們正在創(chuàng)造歷史!” ***烏克蘭當(dāng)局傾向“往東”? 盡管兩位“美國(guó)代表”的演講贏得現(xiàn)場(chǎng)反對(duì)派示威者的喝彩和支持,但烏克蘭當(dāng)局似乎打算沖破阻撓、“往東”參與俄羅斯主導(dǎo)的歐亞關(guān)稅同盟。 15日深夜,烏克蘭總理尼古拉·阿扎羅夫作客該國(guó)一檔電視訪談節(jié)目,他表示烏克蘭和俄羅斯計(jì)劃在17日舉行的烏俄國(guó)家委員會(huì)會(huì)議上通過(guò)一個(gè)路線圖以改善兩國(guó)貿(mào)易關(guān)系。除此之外,烏克蘭還希望與歐盟和俄羅斯就成立三邊財(cái)團(tuán)來(lái)管理烏克蘭輸氣系統(tǒng)重啟談判。 “我們希望重啟有歐盟參與的三邊談判,從而為天然氣輸送和天然氣運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)管理提供透明的條件?!北M管謀求改善烏俄貿(mào)易關(guān)系,但阿扎羅夫否認(rèn)烏克蘭傾向于加入歐亞關(guān)稅同盟,“這些都是猜測(cè)。我們準(zhǔn)備的文件中,全部與加入關(guān)稅同盟無(wú)關(guān)”。 15日,歐盟擴(kuò)大事務(wù)專員斯蒂凡·菲萊發(fā)微博稱,已暫停就吸收烏克蘭加入歐盟一體化進(jìn)程的談判,而原因就是“(烏克蘭總統(tǒng))亞努科維奇的言行說(shuō)明他已漸行漸遠(yuǎn)”,他還說(shuō),烏克蘭希望爭(zhēng)取到更好入盟條件的言論“在現(xiàn)實(shí)中沒(méi)有依據(jù)”。 由此,分析人士認(rèn)為,歐盟能否與亞努科維奇及其政府達(dá)成協(xié)議“實(shí)在很令人懷疑”。 ***斗爭(zhēng)雙方需“比拼”耐力 15日,麥凱恩和墨菲以及歐洲政客向反對(duì)派示威者承諾,假若烏克蘭警方暴力對(duì)待示威者,美國(guó)和歐洲國(guó)家政府將考慮對(duì)涉事的烏克蘭官員進(jìn)行個(gè)人金融制裁。 “亞努科維奇背負(fù)的壓力瞬間增加?!薄度A盛頓郵報(bào)》指出,基輔獨(dú)立廣場(chǎng)的反對(duì)派抗議活動(dòng)已持續(xù)了三周,示威者誓言除非亞努科維奇下臺(tái)否則絕不離開,“但目前還不清楚,究竟哪一方更有耐力和決心?” 目前,基輔的氣溫已降至零下,反對(duì)派示威者略有縮減,但據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)匦侣剻C(jī)構(gòu)的估計(jì),仍有大約20萬(wàn)人還在堅(jiān)守?!罢M麌?yán)寒會(huì)打擊人們的士氣,但我們?nèi)詴?huì)守在這里,我們沒(méi)有退路,”29歲的雅科夫·胡圖蘇爾說(shuō)。 相關(guān)閱讀 美國(guó)動(dòng)物園3年后發(fā)現(xiàn)搞錯(cuò)熊貓性別 曼德拉追悼會(huì)驚現(xiàn)“假翻譯” 辯稱精神分裂導(dǎo)致失態(tài) 【我的中國(guó)夢(mèng)】夢(mèng)想翅膀沐浴陽(yáng)光—記日喀則邊雄盲校教師 (信蓮 編輯:玉潔) |