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British people are less satisfied with life than many in poorer countries and use too many of the earth's resources, according to a poll that ranks Britain 74th in the world below Georgia and Burma.
Rather than measure Gross Domestic Product or GDP, the Happy Planet Index or HPI measures life expectancy, happiness and the environmental impact of different nations.
The top ten countries are not the richest nations but middle income countries in Latin America, Asia or the Carribbean where there is a high level of life satisfaction and low carbon footprint.
Costa Rica is the greenest and happiest country on the planet, according to the rankings developed by think tank the New Economics Foundation, followed by the Dominican Republic and Jamaica.
The UK comes in at 74 out of 143 countries behind Georgia at 72. The highest ranking country in the EU was the Netherlands at 43 followed by France at 71 and Germany at 51.
The United States, was ranked at 114, Canada at 89 and Australia at 102. Zimbabwe and other poor African nations, where life expectancy and happiness is low, came bottom of the table.
Levels of life satisfaction, calculated from a worldwide poll, were not necessarily high in rich countries where violence and inequality continue to be a problem.
In the UK the low ranking was largely due to social problems and the high carbon footprint of most of the population.
If everyone in the world wanted to live as people do in the UK, it would require the resources of more than three earths.
Nick Marks, who devised the rankings, said that there are still high levels of inequality in the UK as well as community breakdown and unhealthy lifestyles.
"There are a lot of people who are unhappy particularly at the lower income end of the spectrum but it is not only financial inequality, it is the longer working week, a lack of social cohesion through a sense of belonginess to the community or the geographic area, indebtedness, low levels of volunteering and more passive lifestyles," he said.
He urged politicians to pay more attention to life satisfaction over GDP.
"The big message of these rankings is that we have to produce a system that makes people happier without costing the earth," he said.
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(Agencies)
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最新調(diào)查表明，與很多貧窮國(guó)家的居民相比，英國(guó)人對(duì)生活更加不滿，消耗的地球資源也過多。英國(guó)幸福指數(shù)在全球排名第74位，落后于格魯吉亞和緬甸。
“全球幸福指數(shù)”對(duì)各國(guó)的居民平均壽命、幸福感、以及對(duì)環(huán)境的影響進(jìn)行衡量，而不是國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值。
排在榜單前10位的國(guó)家不是世界上最富裕的國(guó)家，而是拉丁美洲、亞洲、或者加勒比海地區(qū)的中等收入國(guó)家。在這些國(guó)家，人們對(duì)生活的滿意程度非常高，而人均“碳足跡”則很低。
根據(jù)此項(xiàng)排名，哥斯達(dá)黎加是全球綠化率和幸福指數(shù)最高的國(guó)家，多米尼加共和國(guó)和牙買加分列其后。該調(diào)查由智囊機(jī)構(gòu)新經(jīng)濟(jì)基金會(huì)發(fā)起。
在參與調(diào)查的143個(gè)國(guó)家中，英國(guó)排名第74位，位列排名72位的格魯吉亞之后。荷蘭排名第43，位列歐盟國(guó)家之首，其后是德國(guó)（排名第51）和法國(guó)（排名第71）。
美國(guó)、加拿大、澳大利亞分別排在第114位、89位和102位。津巴布韋和其它一些貧窮的非洲國(guó)家排名墊底。在這些國(guó)家中，人均壽命很短，人們的幸福指數(shù)也很低。
根據(jù)這項(xiàng)全球調(diào)查，在暴力和不平等問題仍未解決的富裕國(guó)家中，居民對(duì)生活的滿意程度不一定高。
英國(guó)排名靠后主要?dú)w咎于其社會(huì)問題，以及大多數(shù)人口的人均“碳足跡”較高。
如果人們都想要像英國(guó)人那樣生活，那么我們需要不止三個(gè)地球來提供資源。
該排行榜設(shè)計(jì)者尼克? 馬克斯稱，英國(guó)社會(huì)的不平等程度仍然較高，社會(huì)出現(xiàn)分裂，人們的生活方式也不健康。
他說：“有很多人感覺不幸福，特別是低收入群體，但這并不只因?yàn)樨毟徊痪?，還有工作時(shí)間更長(zhǎng)，缺乏對(duì)社會(huì)或地區(qū)的歸屬感而導(dǎo)致欠缺社會(huì)凝聚力，欠債，志愿服務(wù)意識(shí)較低，以及生活方式更加消極等等?！?/font>
他敦促政界人士更多關(guān)注人們的幸福感，而不是國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值。
他說：“這項(xiàng)排名透露出一條重要信息，就是我們要找到一種可以在不消耗地球資源的前提下，使人們更幸福的方式。”
相關(guān)閱讀
調(diào)查：全球幸福感普遍增強(qiáng)
歐洲幸福指數(shù)調(diào)查：冰島人最快樂
十大最幸福城市出爐 杭州最幸福大連最文明
美國(guó)年輕人：家人是幸福的關(guān)鍵
Carbon footprint 碳足跡
（英語點(diǎn)津 實(shí)習(xí)生許雅寧編輯）
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