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說話著實是門技術(shù)活。
有些人說話讓人聽著總是那么舒服,而自己說話的時候,明明是激情澎湃、肺腑之言,朋友卻經(jīng)常對其置若罔聞。
這大概就是“會說話”和“不會說話”的區(qū)別了。
今天就一起來研究一下說話的藝術(shù),如何賦予語言力量(how to speak powerfully)并且讓聲音真正成為我們?nèi)祟惇氂械臉菲鳌?/p>
說話的“七宗罪”
英國聲音專家Julian Treasure通過自己的生活經(jīng)驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)了在生活中我們常犯的、并且應(yīng)該努力避免(move away from)的7個說話上的錯誤,這就是說話的七宗罪(seven deadly sins of speaking)。
? Gossip 流言蜚語
Speaking ill of someone who is not present. It's not a nice habit but we know perfectly well, the person gossiping, five minutes later, will be gossiping about us.
在背后說別人的壞話不是一個好習(xí)慣,但是我們十分確定,現(xiàn)在這個正在八卦的人5分鐘之后就會將自己的八卦觸角轉(zhuǎn)移到我們身上。
speak ill of:說……的壞話
? Judging 評頭論足
We know people who are like this in conversation and it's very hard to listen to somebody if you know you are being judged and found wanting at the same time.
我們在談話中遇到過這類人,如果你知道自己此時此刻正在被審視、評價,并且還不被看好,就很難聽進去這個人的話。
? & ? negativity and complaining 消極與抱怨
It's the national art of the UK. We complain about the weather, sport, about politics, about everything, but actually complaining is viral misery. It's not spreading sunshine and lightness in the world.
抱怨可是英國的國民藝術(shù)。我們抱怨一切,包括天氣、運動、政治等等。但是抱怨真是一種病毒傳染性的痛苦與自憐。它可不是在向世界傳遞陽光和光明。
viral:病毒性的
? Excuses借口
We've all met this guy. Maybe we've all been this guy. Some people have a blamethrower. They just pass it to everybody else and don't take the responsibility for their actions, and again, hard to listen to someone who is being like that.
我們也遇到過這種人,或者我們自己就是這種人。有些人總是喜歡為自己找借口,他們永遠(yuǎn)把責(zé)任推到別人身上。當(dāng)然,這種人的話人們也聽不進去。
blamethrower: 指責(zé)他人的傾向
? Lying 撒謊與欺騙
For example, if I see something is really awesome, what do I call it? And then, the exaggeration becomes lying to us.
當(dāng)我們看到一件特別令人驚艷的事物時,我們該如何形容呢?也許,后來過度的夸張就成為了謊言。
exaggeration:夸張
? Dogmatism 固執(zhí)己見
The confusion of facts with opinions. When those two things get conflated, you are listening to the wind. You know somebody is bombarding you with their opinions as if they were true. It's difficult to listen to that.
固執(zhí)己見的人混淆了事實與想法的界線。當(dāng)兩者混到一起的時候,這樣的話就像耳邊風(fēng),對于事實知之甚少。當(dāng)有些人想用自己的想法強加于你時,其實你很難聽進去。
conflate: 結(jié)合,合并
bombard sb with sth:向…大量提供信息
上面說的這些說話的7個壞習(xí)慣,你中招了沒?如果中招的話,需要改善了噢。
說話的藝術(shù)
Julian之后又闡述了4個打造powerful speaking的基礎(chǔ)(cornerstone),他將其稱為HAIL原則,當(dāng)然啦,這里不是冰雹的意思,而是四個單詞首字母的組合。
Being honest means being clear and straightforward.
誠實意味著直率、清楚地表達(dá)出你的想法。
Authenticity means standing in your own truth.
真實是指不掩飾地表明自己。
Integrity refers to acting what you say.
正直是指說到做到,信守諾言。
Love means wishing people well.
而愛則是指每一句話都是出于為了對方著想的考慮出發(fā)的。
誠實與愛的關(guān)系非常有趣。Julian說:
“Tempered with love, honesty can be a great thing.”
摻入著愛的誠實是非常棒的事。
聲音品質(zhì)的提升
最后,Julian向大家奉獻了一個工具箱(A toolbox),可以通過一下幾個方面提聲音的品質(zhì)。
Register: a deeper voice from the chest speaks with more power and authority.
音域:從胸腔發(fā)出的更加深沉的聲音顯得更有力量,更具權(quán)威感;
Timbre: how the voices feels or sounds — distinct from tone or loudness.
音色:聲音的質(zhì)感,不同于語氣和音量大??;
Prosody: the sing-song or up and down of the movement.
韻律:說話時如歌唱般,音調(diào)上下起伏;
Pace: a rapid pace, then slowing down for emphasis. Or just pausing occasionally can be powerful.
語速:語速要偏快,但在重點的地方放慢速度或偶爾的停頓會使語言具有力量;
Pitch: a higher pitch can make you sound more excited.
音調(diào):更高的音調(diào)會讓你聽起來更有激情;
Volume: quiet to make people pay attention, louder can also show excitement.
音量:小的音量讓人們專心,大的音量則可彰顯激情。正如Julian Treasure所說:
No engine works well without being warmed up.
沒經(jīng)過預(yù)熱的發(fā)動機無法好好工作。
而我們的話語也是如此,沒有經(jīng)過預(yù)熱、訓(xùn)練和力量的聲音也難以傳達(dá)出預(yù)期的效果。
最后,Julian提出了自己關(guān)于說話者,聽話者與環(huán)境之間的美好構(gòu)想。
他希望可以通過說話人有意識地避開不良的說話習(xí)慣,賦予語言力量;聽話人有意識地傾聽以及促進交談的環(huán)境的建構(gòu),創(chuàng)造一個美麗的溝通世界。在那里,理解將會是常態(tài)(Understanding will be the norm)。
希望你可以有所收獲,掌握說話的技巧。俗語說:
良藥苦口利于病,忠言逆耳利于行。
It takes bitter medicine to cure a disease properly; it takes blunt advice to put us on the right track.
但是誰說忠言就一定逆耳呢,避開7個錯誤,整理好4種情感,培養(yǎng)自己的聲音品質(zhì),就一定會使自己的聲音充滿力量卻又不失溫暖。
(來源:中國日報雙語新聞微信 編輯:李雪晴 實習(xí)生:李美萱)
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