飛機(jī)作為目前世上最快的交通工具，這一偉大的發(fā)明，給人們帶來(lái)了更為快捷的交通便利。但是由于一些不可抗拒的原因或人為因素造成的飛機(jī)失事，而造成巨大的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，難免讓人萬(wàn)分難過(guò)，下面我們帶大家了解一下史上最嚴(yán)重的十大空難事故。

10. American Airlines Flight 191
美國(guó)航空191號(hào)班機(jī)空難

1969年5月25日
遇難人數(shù)：272

The DC-10 left Chicago O'Hare on the Friday afternoon of Memorial Day weekend only for its left engine to detach from its wing and fall off, rolling the plane in the air and sending it crashing to earth just a mile from the runway.
在陣亡將士紀(jì)念日當(dāng)周的周五下午，一架DC-10型客機(jī)從芝加哥奧黑爾起飛后，左側(cè)引擎從機(jī)翼上脫落，飛機(jī)在空中翻轉(zhuǎn)，撞向僅離跑道一英里遠(yuǎn)的地面上。

The plane "burst into a pillar of flame and smoke that could be seen up to eight miles away," the Chicago Tribune reported at the time. All 271 people on board and two on the ground were killed in what remains America's worst aviation disaster.
《芝加哥論壇報(bào)》當(dāng)時(shí)報(bào)道，飛機(jī)“瞬間躥出火柱，濃煙在8英里外仍然可見(jiàn)”。機(jī)上全部271人以及地面上的兩人遇難，這起事故仍然是美國(guó)最慘重的空難。

The crash was found to be the result of a shortcut taken by removing the plane's engines for maintenance, cracking an aluminium component which held the engine to the wing.
事故的原因是，工作人員為了省事，將機(jī)上引擎卸下維修，折裂了將引擎固定在機(jī)翼上的鋁制部件。

9. Iranian Air Force Il yushun II-76
伊朗空軍伊爾II-76

2003年2月19日
遇難人數(shù)：275人

The official report into the military aircraft that crashed in the Sirach Mountains near Kerman in Iran found that bad weather, including high winds and fog, brought the plane down, killing all on board, all members of the Revolutionary Guards. The Aviation Safety Network classifies the crash as a Controlled Flight into Terrain.
據(jù)官方報(bào)道，這家軍用飛機(jī)因大風(fēng)大霧的惡劣天氣在伊朗克爾曼市附近的西拉山墜毀，機(jī)上全部人員遇難，遇難者均為革命衛(wèi)隊(duì)成員。追蹤航空事件的網(wǎng)站航空安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)將這次事故歸類為可控飛行撞地。

8. Iran Air Flight 655
伊朗航空公司655號(hào)班機(jī)

1988年7月3日
遇難人數(shù)：290

In 1988, Iran Air Flight 655 from Tehran to Dubai was gunned down by the United States Navy guided missile cruiser USS Vincennes as the Iran – Iraq war drew to a close.
1988年，兩伊戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束前，一架航班號(hào)為655的伊朗航空客機(jī)在從德黑蘭飛往迪拜的過(guò)程中被美國(guó)海軍“文森斯號(hào)”導(dǎo)彈巡洋艦擊落。

All 290 on board – among them 66 children and 16 crew members, died. The Iranian government said that it was an intentionally performed and unlawful act
機(jī)上290人，包括66名兒童和16位機(jī)組人員全部遇難。伊朗政府表示，這是一次蓄意的非法行動(dòng)。

7. Malaysia Airlines Flight 17
馬來(lái)西亞航空17號(hào)班機(jī)

2014年7月17日
遇難人數(shù)：298

Malaysian air crash investigator inspects crash site of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17 near Hrabove reuters

A similar incident took place over eastern Ukraine when a Malaysia Airlines Boeing 777-200 flying from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur was shot down near the Russian border.
類似的事件發(fā)生烏克蘭東部，馬蘭西亞航空一架由阿姆斯特丹飛往吉隆坡的波音777-200飛機(jī)在俄羅斯邊境附近被擊落。

All 298 on board died when the plane crashed into a field near Torez.
飛機(jī)在多列士小鎮(zhèn)附近墜落，機(jī)上298人全部遇難。

Pro-Russian rebels are widely accused of shooting the plane down using a surface-to-air missile - they deny responsibility.
親俄派叛軍被許多方面指控使用地對(duì)空導(dǎo)彈擊落飛機(jī)，但他們對(duì)此表示否認(rèn)。

6. Saudi Arabian Airlines Flight 163
沙特阿拉伯航空163號(hào)班機(jī)空難

1980年8月19日
遇難人數(shù)：301

The death of all 301 passengers on board the Lockheed L-1011 on the runway at Riyadh is the world's deadliest aviation accident not to involve a crash or mid-flight break up. The flight took off from the Saudi capital airport en route to Jeddah, only to return to Riyadh minutes later for an emergency landing after a fire started in the cargo department.
沙特阿拉伯航空163號(hào)班機(jī)空難是沒(méi)有發(fā)生墜機(jī)、空中解體的航空事故中死亡人數(shù)最多的事故。這架洛歇L1011-200上的301名登機(jī)乘客在利雅德國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)跑道上全部遇難。飛機(jī)從沙特首都利雅德機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛，前往吉達(dá)，但數(shù)分鐘后，就因?yàn)樨浥撈鸹鸲祷乩诺聶C(jī)場(chǎng)緊急迫降。

However, when the plane landed, instead of initiating an emergency evacuation, the pilot taxied the aircraft back towards the airport, stopping on the runway for nearly three minutes. It then took some 23 minutes to access the aircraft once the engines were stopped.
然而，當(dāng)飛機(jī)著陸后，飛行員并沒(méi)有開(kāi)始緊急撤離，而是將飛機(jī)滑行回機(jī)場(chǎng)，在跑道上停了近3分鐘。隨后，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)停止工作后，救援人員花了約23分鐘才進(jìn)入飛機(jī)。

By the time the doors were opened all on board had died from smoke inhalation. The source of the fire is believed to have been two butane stoves in the cargo.
當(dāng)艙門打開(kāi)時(shí)，所有機(jī)上人員都因吸入濃煙窒息死亡。據(jù)信，起火源是貨艙內(nèi)的兩個(gè)丁烷爐。

5. Air India Flight 182
印度航空182號(hào)航班事故

日期：1985年6月23日
遇難人數(shù)：329

Deemed the deadliest terror attack involving a plane at the time, the Air India Boeing 747 crashed off the coast of Ireland en route from Toronto to Sahar International in India, after a bomb placed in the cargo hold by Sikh extremists Babbar Khalsa exploded over the Atlantic.
印度航空一架由多倫多飛往印度薩哈爾國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)的波音747 在愛(ài)爾蘭海岸墜毀，原因是錫克教極端分子巴巴爾?哈爾薩將一枚炸彈帶上飛機(jī)貨艙，在大西洋上空發(fā)生爆炸。這起空難當(dāng)時(shí)成為死亡人數(shù)最多的飛機(jī)恐怖襲擊。

4. Turkish Airlines Flight 981
土耳其航空981號(hào)班機(jī)

1974年3月3日
遇難人數(shù)：346人

1974年3月3日，土耳其航空（Turkish Airlines）981號(hào)班機(jī)由法國(guó)巴黎飛往英國(guó)倫敦途中，遇上和美國(guó)航空96號(hào)班機(jī)一樣的情況，但這次爆炸性失壓將所有液壓管道扯斷導(dǎo)致無(wú)法操控，飛機(jī)在巴黎郊區(qū)墜毀，機(jī)上346人全部死亡。

A design flaw on the Douglas DC-10 led an aircraft carrying 335 passengers and 11 crew to crash in the Ermenonville Forest north of Paris, after taking off from Orly Airport bound for London Heathrow, en route from Istanbul.
一架由伊斯坦布爾發(fā)往倫敦的道格拉斯DC-10飛機(jī)從奧利機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛前往倫敦希思羅機(jī)場(chǎng)，因設(shè)計(jì)缺陷在巴黎北部埃默農(nóng)維爾森林墜毀。機(jī)上搭載著335名乘客和11名機(jī)組人員。

Around 10 minutes after the plane took off from Orly, the rear left cargo door blew off owing to a problem with how the hatches latched shut, causing an explosive decompression in the cabin and severing cables linking the flight deck with the aircraft's elevators, rudder and two engines.
飛機(jī)從奧利機(jī)場(chǎng)起飛約10分鐘后，其左后貨艙門因?yàn)殚T鎖閉合問(wèn)題被吹掉，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致機(jī)艙內(nèi)失壓爆炸，切斷了連接駕駛艙與升降舵、方向舵以及兩個(gè)引擎的線路。

The aircraft pitched sharply nose-down and began picking up speed as the pilots lost control, before it crashed into trees travelling at around 490mph. In the wake of the accident, the locking mechanism on the cargo doors was redesigned.
飛行員失去了對(duì)飛機(jī)的控制，飛機(jī)迅速向下墜落，并不斷加速。飛機(jī)撞上樹(shù)林時(shí)速度約為490英里/小時(shí)。事故發(fā)生后，道格拉斯DC-10飛機(jī)艙門的鎖緊裝置被重新設(shè)計(jì)。

3. Charkhi Dadri mid-air collision
查基達(dá)里撞機(jī)事件

哈薩克斯坦航空失事的伊爾-76。來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

1996年12月12日
遇難人數(shù)：349

The world's deadliest mid-air crash involved Saudia Flight 763 and Kazakhstan Airlines Flight 1907 over the city of Charkhi Dadri in northern India.
沙特阿拉伯航空763號(hào)航班與哈薩克斯坦航空1907號(hào)航班在印度北部查基達(dá)里相撞，這是世界上最嚴(yán)重的空中撞機(jī)相撞事故。

The Saudia-operated Boeing 747 was bound for Dhahran from Delhi while the Kazakhstan Airlines Ilyushin II-76 was bound for Indira airport from Shymkent when they collided, killing 312 people on board the former and 37 on the latter.
沙特阿拉伯航空運(yùn)營(yíng)的波音747由德里起飛前往達(dá)蘭，哈薩克斯坦航空的伊爾II-76由奇姆肯特起飛前往英迪拉機(jī)場(chǎng)，兩架飛機(jī)在途中相撞，致使前一架飛機(jī)上312人遇難，后一架飛機(jī)上37人逝世。

The crash occurred after the Ilyushin aircraft was cleared to descend to 15,000 feet, but then descended past that level to 14,500 feet while the 747 was ascending in the opposite direction. By the time the air traffic controller could warn of the proximity between the two aircraft it was too late.
事故發(fā)生前，哈航飛機(jī)獲準(zhǔn)下降到15000英尺，但飛機(jī)卻下降至14500英尺以下，此時(shí)沙特航空的飛機(jī)正在反方向攀升。當(dāng)空中交通管制員提醒兩架飛機(jī)異常接近時(shí)，已經(jīng)為時(shí)已晚。

2. Japan Airlines Flight 123
日本航空123號(hào)班機(jī)空難

1985年8月12日
遇難人數(shù)：520

圖為事故飛機(jī)波音-747，攝于1984年春大阪國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)。來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

The largest single aircraft accident in history was the crash of a Boeing 747 into Mount Takamagahara in central Japan. Just four survived when the aircraft spiralled out of control, its wing clipping a mountain ridge, before flipping and landing on its back, following an explosive decompression towards the rear of the plane, the result of a faulty repair job seven years earlier.
世界上死傷最慘重的單架次飛機(jī)空難發(fā)生在日本中部巢鷹山區(qū)。一架波音747的機(jī)翼撞上山脈，失去控制急速下降，迅速翻轉(zhuǎn)尾部觸地著陸，隨后飛機(jī)尾部發(fā)生失壓性爆炸，僅有4人生還。7年前的修理不當(dāng)是事故原因。

A month after the crash a Japan Airlines maintenance official committed suicide, leaving a note, "I am atoning with my death".
空難發(fā)生一個(gè)月后，日本航空的一位維修部門的官員自殺，留下一句遺言，“我以死謝罪”。

1. Tenerife Airport Disaster
特內(nèi)里費(fèi)空難

1977年3月27日
遇難人數(shù)583人

來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

On March 27, 1977, two Boeing 747 passenger jets collided on the foggy runway at Los Rodeos Airport, on the Spanish island of Tenerife, Canary Islands. The crash killed 583 people, making it the deadliest accident in aviation history.
1977年3月27日，在西班牙加那利群島特內(nèi)費(fèi)里島的洛司羅迪歐機(jī)場(chǎng)，兩架波音747客機(jī)在大霧彌漫的跑道上相撞。這起事故造成583人遇難，是航空史上最致命的事故。

Neither of the two aircraft were supposed to be at Los Rodeos, both having been diverted away from Las Palmas on the nearby island of Gran Canaria, after it transpired that Canary Island separatists planted a bomb in the airport flower shop.
兩架飛機(jī)都不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在洛司羅迪歐機(jī)場(chǎng)，但據(jù)傳附近大加那利島的極端分子在島上拉斯帕爾馬斯機(jī)場(chǎng)的花店安置了一枚炸彈，這兩架飛機(jī)因此被轉(zhuǎn)移。

The collision occurred when a KLM aircraft attempted to take-off without clearance while a Pan Am aircraft was still taxiing along the same runway, having missed its turning to leave.
事故發(fā)生時(shí)，一家荷蘭航空的飛機(jī)在沒(méi)有獲得許可的情況下準(zhǔn)備起飛，與此同時(shí)，一家泛美航空公司的飛機(jī)因?yàn)殄e(cuò)過(guò)了駛離跑道的路口，仍在同一道上滑行。

英文來(lái)源：每日電訊報(bào)
翻譯&編輯：董靜
審校：yaning