【財經(jīng)雜志記者】

謝謝主持人?？偫砟愫?。我們注意到今年的政府工作報告首先提出了“新經(jīng)濟”這一概念，這是不是指現(xiàn)在新興的電子商務(wù)和小微企業(yè)，這和您之前提倡的“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新”有什么關(guān)系？這些對緩解當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟下行壓力有什么作用？謝謝。
Caijing: In this year's Government Work Report, the concept of the new economy was put forward for the first time. I wonder if this concept refers to e-commerce and those micro and small businesses? What does it have to do with the campaign for mass entrepreneurship and innovation? And how helpful could it be for withstanding the downward economic pressure?

【李克強】

我們說要發(fā)展“新經(jīng)濟”是要培育新動能，促進中國經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型。“新經(jīng)濟”的覆蓋面和內(nèi)涵是很廣泛的，它涉及一、二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)，不僅僅是指三產(chǎn)中的“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+”、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)、云計算、電子商務(wù)等新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和業(yè)態(tài)，也包括工業(yè)制造當(dāng)中的智能制造、大規(guī)模的定制化生產(chǎn)等，還涉及到一產(chǎn)當(dāng)中像有利于推進適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營的家庭農(nóng)場、股份合作制，農(nóng)村一、二、三產(chǎn)融合發(fā)展等等。而且，發(fā)展“新經(jīng)濟”，小微企業(yè)可以大有作為，大企業(yè)可以有更大作為。目前很多大企業(yè)也在搞創(chuàng)客空間，有許多這樣的例子。
To develop the new economy will help us foster new economic drivers and move forward China's economic transformation. The concept of the new economy covers a wide range of areas and has many dimensions. It can be found in the primary, secondary and tertiary industries. It's not just about emerging forms of business and industries such as e-commerce, cloud computing, the Internet of things and Internet. It can also be found in smart manufacturing, large-scale customer-made production in the industrial sector. It's also about the appropriately scaled-up operations in the primary industry, that is agriculture such as family farms and shareholding cooperatives. We believe that micro and small businesses can do a lot in developing new economy and also large companies can make a big difference. The truth is many large companies in China have established their own makers' spaces. There are many such examples.

傳統(tǒng)動能發(fā)展到一定階段出現(xiàn)減弱是規(guī)律，很多國家都走過這樣的路，尤其是發(fā)達國家，有很多先例可尋。這個時候就需要新動能異軍突起，來適應(yīng)產(chǎn)業(yè)革命的趨勢。而且新動能和傳統(tǒng)動能提升改造結(jié)合起來，還可以形成混合的動能。
When development has come to a certain stage, it is only natural for traditional growth drivers to begin to wane, and that has happened in many developed countries. Hence, we need the boom of new growth drivers to accommodate the need of industrial revolution. And when we combine the new growth drivers and the upgraded traditional growth drivers, we can bring into being a hybrid driving force.

新動能對傳統(tǒng)動能的改造提升很有意義。像我們現(xiàn)在要推動去產(chǎn)能，就涉及到重化工企業(yè)，很多這樣的企業(yè)用人過多，需要把富余的員工轉(zhuǎn)崗，而新動能發(fā)展起來就可以提供更多的就業(yè)崗位，這也使我們可以較大力度去推動去產(chǎn)能。我們現(xiàn)在提倡的“大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新”，實際上是為大、中、小企業(yè)、科研機構(gòu)等提供一個平臺，使眾創(chuàng)、眾包、眾扶、眾籌等有活躍的空間。
New growth drivers will also help with our efforts to cut industrial overcapacity. In the companies of those sectors with overcapacity, there is a problem of overstaffing, and the growth of new drivers will help generate new jobs to re-employ any possible laid-off people. The campaign of mass entrepreneurship and innovation is to put in place a platform for the development of various types of companies and research institutions, and to create a broad space for crowdfunding, crowd innovation and crowdsourcing.

可以這么說，如果把億萬群眾的創(chuàng)造力、積極性調(diào)動起來，可以形成投鞭斷流的氣勢，再加上背水一戰(zhàn)的意志，就可以頂住經(jīng)濟下行的壓力，而且促進經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)型。一個國家的繁榮進步，還是在于億萬民眾的參與，這也可以實現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展。謝謝。
When we bring into full play the enthusiasm and creativity of all our people, it will generate a powerful momentum. With that momentum and our firm determination, we will be able to withstand the downward economic pressure and achieve faster economic transformation. Ultimately, a country's prosperity and development would not be possible without the full involvement of all its people and that will also be a process for us to boost the all-round human development.

【今日俄羅斯國際通訊社記者】

謝謝主持人。李總理，您好。中俄兩國曾多次表示，俄中兩國經(jīng)濟合作水平跟不上政治發(fā)展，雙方承諾會努力改善這種局面，不僅致力于推動貿(mào)易往來，還將大力發(fā)展投資合作。然而我們看到，中國投資者并未大量進入俄羅斯，這是為什么？這是否與西方國家對俄制裁有關(guān)或者與俄羅斯經(jīng)濟情況有關(guān)？中國企業(yè)在與俄合作中是否受到來自美國等國的壓力？此外，一些專家認為，中國并不想投資俄羅斯，而僅僅對該國廉價能源感興趣，您對此有何看法？謝謝。
Russia Today: Both China and Russia have recognized that the business cooperation between the two countries is lacking behind the growth of their political ties, and both sides have promised to change the situation by promoting trade ties and also investment cooperation. However, we have not seen a large inflow of Chinese investment in Russia yet. What is the reason for that? Is it because of the Western sanctions against Russia or Russia's own economic situation? Are Chinese companies under pressure from the United States and other countries in cooperating with Russia. Moreover, some Chinese experts believe that China is not that interested in making investment in Russia, but only interested in getting Russia's cheap energy. What is your response?

【李克強】

中俄互為最大的鄰國，而且是全面戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作伙伴關(guān)系，中俄關(guān)系可以說是全方位的。習(xí)近平主席和普京總統(tǒng)經(jīng)常會晤，我們不僅是政治關(guān)系好，在經(jīng)濟方面也是有升溫趨勢的，因為我們在諸多領(lǐng)域都有多項合作。中國始終遵循著相互尊重、互利共贏的原則和俄羅斯發(fā)展關(guān)系。中國奉行的是獨立自主的外交政策。中俄關(guān)系不會因為國際形勢的變化受到影響，不受第三方的壓力。我們還會繼續(xù)推進中俄關(guān)系向前發(fā)展。當(dāng)然，中國奉行不結(jié)盟政策，我們之間的合作也不針對第三方。
China and Russia are each other's biggest neighbors, there is a comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination between the two countries. This relationship is an all-dimensional one. President Xi Jinping and President Vladimir Putin have met with each other quite often, there is a close political relationship between the two countries and our business cooperation has been continuously rising because we have multiple operations in quite many fields. China has all along developed its relationship with Russia on the basis of mutual respect and mutual benefit, and China pursues an independent foreign policy of peace. China-Russia relations will not be affected by changing circumstances in the international environment, and will not cave to third-party pressure. In the meantime, China follows the principle of nonalignment, and China-Russian cooperation will not be targeted at any third party.

我說經(jīng)濟方面的合作也在升溫，有一個例子，去年我們從俄羅斯的石油進口又增加了800多萬噸。但是很不幸，世界大宗商品的價格下跌，我們整個進出口，不僅是對俄羅斯，都是下降的，雖然數(shù)量沒有減，但是貿(mào)易額下來了，這個責(zé)任還真不在我們雙方。去年年底我和貴國總理梅德韋杰夫先生進行了深入探討，比如我們可以在油氣一體化方面進行合作，這樣可以吸引中方對俄的投資。我們還可以拓展貿(mào)易渠道，實現(xiàn)貿(mào)易多元化。我愿意看到明年你再參加這個記者會，我能回答你中俄經(jīng)貿(mào)投資趨勢出現(xiàn)了轉(zhuǎn)折性的向好。
Just now I said our business cooperation has also been rising. For example, last year, Chinese imports of oil from Russia increased by eight million tons, but because of plummeting commodity prices on international markets, China's total imports and exports declined, not just its imports from Russia. The physical volume has gone up, by the total trade volume has come down because of the falling prices, and neither country is responsible for that. Last year I had a deep discussion about China-Russia business cooperation with Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev, we agreed that we can explore cooperation in the integrated development of oil and natural gas, sectors that will help attract more Chinese investment, and we can also introduce a greater level of diversity into our trade mix. I hope that next year, if you come to this press conference again, I can tell you that the business ties between our two countries have turned the corner for the better.

我對俄羅斯的朋友要額外加一句，這種向好也是表明世界貿(mào)易在向好，我們給世界貿(mào)易吹吹暖風(fēng)。謝謝！
And I believe the enhancement of our business ties will also reflect the improvement of the global trade situation, and that will be a warm breeze our two countries can bring to global trade.