中華人民共和國國務院新聞辦公室

目　錄

前　言

一、新形勢、新挑戰(zhàn)、新使命

二、武裝力量建設與發(fā)展

三、捍衛(wèi)國家主權、安全、領土完整

四、保障國家經濟社會發(fā)展

五、維護世界和平和地區(qū)穩(wěn)定

結束語

附　錄

Editor's note: The following is the full text of a white paper on China's armed forces published by the Information Office of the State Council, China's cabinet, on Tuesday and released by Xinhua News Agency.

前　言

當今時代，和平與發(fā)展面臨新的機遇和挑戰(zhàn)。緊緊把握機遇，共同應對挑戰(zhàn)，合作維護安全，攜手實現(xiàn)發(fā)展，是時代賦予各國人民的歷史使命。

走和平發(fā)展道路，是中國堅定不移的國家意志和戰(zhàn)略抉擇。中國始終不渝奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策和防御性國防政策，反對各種形式的霸權主義和強權政治，不干涉別國內政，永遠不爭霸，永遠不稱霸，永遠不搞軍事擴張。中國倡導互信、互利、平等、協(xié)作的新安全觀，尋求實現(xiàn)綜合安全、共同安全、合作安全。

建設與中國國際地位相稱、與國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應的鞏固國防和強大軍隊，是中國現(xiàn)代化建設的戰(zhàn)略任務，也是中國實現(xiàn)和平發(fā)展的堅強保障。中國武裝力量適應國家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和安全戰(zhàn)略的新要求，堅持科學發(fā)展觀的指導思想地位，加快轉變戰(zhàn)斗力生成模式，構建中國特色現(xiàn)代軍事力量體系，與時俱進加強軍事戰(zhàn)略指導，拓展武裝力量運用方式，為國家發(fā)展提供安全保障和戰(zhàn)略支撐，為維護世界和平和地區(qū)穩(wěn)定作出應有貢獻。

Preface

In today's world, peace and development are facing new opportunities and challenges. It is a historic mission entrusted by the era to people of all nations to firmly grasp the opportunities, jointly meet the challenges, cooperatively maintain security and collectively achieve development.

It is China's unshakable national commitment and strategic choice to take the road of peaceful development. China unswervingly pursues an independent foreign policy of peace and a national defense policy that is defensive in nature. China opposes any form of hegemonism or power politics, and does not interfere in the internal affairs of other countries. China will never seek hegemony or behave in a hegemonic manner, nor will it engage in military expansion. China advocates a new security concept featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination, and pursues comprehensive security, common security and cooperative security.

It is a strategic task of China's modernization drive as well as a strong guarantee for China's peaceful development to build a strong national defense and powerful armed forces which are commensurate with China's international standing and meet the needs of its security and development interests. China's armed forces act to meet the new requirements of China's national development and security strategies, follow the theoretical guidance of the Scientific Outlook on Development, speed up the transformation of the generating mode of combat effectiveness, build a system of modern military forces with Chinese characteristics, enhance military strategic guidance and diversify the ways of employing armed forces as the times require. China's armed forces provide security guarantee and strategic support for national development, and make due contributions to the maintenance of world peace and regional stability.

一、新形勢、新挑戰(zhàn)、新使命

I. New Situation, New Challenges and New Missions

新世紀以來，世界發(fā)生深刻復雜變化，和平與發(fā)展仍然是時代主題。經濟全球化、世界多極化深入發(fā)展，文化多樣化、社會信息化持續(xù)推進，國際力量對比朝著有利于維護世界和平方向發(fā)展，國際形勢保持總體和平穩(wěn)定的基本態(tài)勢。與此同時，世界仍然很不安寧，霸權主義、強權政治和新干涉主義有所上升，局部動蕩頻繁發(fā)生，熱點問題此起彼伏，傳統(tǒng)與非傳統(tǒng)安全挑戰(zhàn)交織互動，國際軍事領域競爭更趨激烈，國際安全問題的突發(fā)性、關聯(lián)性、綜合性明顯上升。亞太地區(qū)日益成為世界經濟發(fā)展和大國戰(zhàn)略博弈的重要舞臺，美國調整亞太安全戰(zhàn)略，地區(qū)格局深刻調整。

Since the beginning of the new century, profound and complex changes have taken place in the world, but peace and development remain the underlying trends of our times. The global trends toward economic globalization and multi-polarity are intensifying, cultural diversity is increasing, and an information society is fast emerging. The balance of international forces is shifting in favor of maintaining world peace, and on the whole the international situation remains peaceful and stable. Meanwhile, however, the world is still far from being tranquil. There are signs of increasing hegemonism, power politics and neo-interventionism. Local turmoils occur frequently. Hot-spot issues keep cropping up. Traditional and non-traditional security challenges interweave and interact. Competition is intensifying in the international military field. International security issues are growing noticeably more abrupt, interrelated and comprehensive. The Asia-Pacific region has become an increasingly significant stage for world economic development and strategic interaction between major powers. The US is adjusting its Asia-Pacific security strategy, and the regional landscape is undergoing profound changes.

中國緊緊抓住和用好發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，現(xiàn)代化建設成就舉世矚目，綜合國力大幅躍升，人民生活顯著改善，社會大局保持穩(wěn)定，兩岸關系繼續(xù)呈現(xiàn)和平發(fā)展勢頭，國際競爭力和影響力不斷提高。但是，中國仍面臨多元復雜的安全威脅和挑戰(zhàn)，生存安全問題和發(fā)展安全問題、傳統(tǒng)安全威脅和非傳統(tǒng)安全威脅相互交織，維護國家統(tǒng)一、維護領土完整、維護發(fā)展利益的任務艱巨繁重。有的國家深化亞太軍事同盟，擴大軍事存在，頻繁制造地區(qū)緊張局勢。個別鄰國在涉及中國領土主權和海洋權益上采取使問題復雜化、擴大化的舉動，日本在釣魚島問題上制造事端。恐怖主義、分裂主義、極端主義“三股勢力”威脅上升。“臺獨”分裂勢力及其分裂活動仍然是兩岸關系和平發(fā)展的最大威脅。重大自然災害、安全事故和公共衛(wèi)生事件頻發(fā)，影響社會和諧穩(wěn)定的因素增加，國家海外利益安全風險上升。機械化戰(zhàn)爭形態(tài)向信息化戰(zhàn)爭形態(tài)加速演變，主要國家大力發(fā)展軍事高新技術，搶占太空、網絡空間等國際競爭戰(zhàn)略制高點。

China has seized and made the most of this important period of strategic opportunities for its development, and its modernization achievements have captured world attention. China's overall national strength has grown dramatically and the Chinese people's lives have been remarkably improved. China enjoys general social stability and cross-Straits relations are sustaining a momentum of peaceful development. China's international competitiveness and influence are steadily increasing. However, China still faces multiple and complicated security threats and challenges. The issues of subsistence and development security and the traditional and non-traditional threats to security are interwoven. Therefore, China has an arduous task to safeguard its national unification, territorial integrity and development interests.

Some country has strengthened its Asia-Pacific military alliances, expanded its military presence in the region, and frequently makes the situation there tenser. On the issues concerning China's territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests, some neighboring countries are taking actions that complicate or exacerbate the situation, and Japan is making trouble over the issue of the Diaoyu Islands. The threats posed by "three forces," namely, terrorism, separatism and extremism, are on the rise. The "Taiwan independence" separatist forces and their activities are still the biggest threat to the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations. Serious natural disasters, security accidents and public health incidents keep occurring. Factors affecting social harmony and stability are growing in number, and the security risks to China's overseas interests are on the increase. Changes in the form of war from mechanization to informationization are accelerating. Major powers are vigorously developing new and more sophisticated military technologies so as to ensure that they can maintain strategic superiorities in international competition in such areas as outer space and cyber space.

面對復雜多變的安全環(huán)境，人民解放軍堅決履行新世紀新階段歷史使命，拓展國家安全戰(zhàn)略和軍事戰(zhàn)略視野，立足打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭，積極運籌和平時期武裝力量運用，有效應對多種安全威脅，完成多樣化軍事任務。

Facing a complex and volatile security situation, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) resolutely carries out its historical missions for the new stage in the new century. China's armed forces broaden their visions of national security strategy and military strategy, aim at winning local wars under the conditions of informationization, make active planning for the use of armed forces in peacetime, deal effectively with various security threats and accomplish diversified military tasks.

中國武裝力量的多樣化運用，堅持以下基本政策和原則：

The diversified employment of China's armed forces adheres to fundamental policies and principles as follows:

——維護國家主權、安全、領土完整，保障國家和平發(fā)展。這是中國加強國防建設的目的，也是憲法和法律賦予中國武裝力量的神圣職責。堅定不移實行積極防御軍事戰(zhàn)略，防備和抵抗侵略，遏制分裂勢力，保衛(wèi)邊防、海防、空防安全，維護國家海洋權益和在太空、網絡空間的安全利益。堅持“人不犯我，我不犯人，人若犯我，我必犯人”，堅決采取一切必要措施維護國家主權和領土完整。

Safeguarding national sovereignty, security and territorial integrity, and supporting the country's peaceful development. This is the goal of China's efforts in strengthening its national defense and the sacred mission of its armed forces, as stipulated in the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and other relevant laws. China's armed forces unswervingly implement the military strategy of active defense, guard against and resist aggression, contain separatist forces, safeguard border, coastal and territorial air security, and protect national maritime rights and interests and national security interests in outer space and cyberspace. "We will not attack unless we are attacked; but we will surely counterattack if attacked." Following this principle, China will resolutely take all necessary measures to safeguard its national sovereignty and territorial integrity.

——立足打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭，拓展和深化軍事斗爭準備。堅定不移把軍事斗爭準備基點放在打贏信息化條件下局部戰(zhàn)爭上，統(tǒng)籌推進各戰(zhàn)略方向軍事斗爭準備，加強軍兵種力量聯(lián)合運用，提高基于信息系統(tǒng)的體系作戰(zhàn)能力。創(chuàng)新發(fā)展人民戰(zhàn)爭戰(zhàn)略戰(zhàn)術，推進軍民融合式發(fā)展，提高國防動員和后備力量建設質量。全面提高日常戰(zhàn)備水平，加強針對性戰(zhàn)備演習演練，周密組織邊海空防戰(zhàn)備巡邏和執(zhí)勤，妥善應對各種危機和重大突發(fā)事件。

Aiming to win local wars under the conditions of informationization and expanding and intensifying military preparedness. China's armed forces firmly base their military preparedness on winning local wars under the conditions of informationization, make overall and coordinated plans to promote military preparedness in all strategic directions, intensify the joint employment of different services and arms, and enhance warfighting capabilities based on information systems. They constantly bring forward new ideas for the strategies and tactics of people's war, advance integrated civilian-military development, and enhance the quality of national defense mobilization and reserve force building. They raise in an all-round way the level of routine combat readiness, intensify scenario-oriented exercises and drills, conduct well-organized border, coastal and territorial air patrols and duties for combat readiness, and handle appropriately various crises and major emergencies.

——樹立綜合安全觀念，有效遂行非戰(zhàn)爭軍事行動任務。適應安全威脅新變化，重視和平時期武裝力量運用。積極參加和支援國家經濟社會建設，堅決完成搶險救災等急難險重任務。依照法律規(guī)定履行維護國家安全和穩(wěn)定職能，堅決打擊敵對勢力顛覆破壞活動，打擊各種暴力恐怖活動，遂行安保警戒任務。加強應急救援、海上護航、撤離海外公民等海外行動能力建設，為維護國家海外利益提供可靠的安全保障。

Formulating the concept of comprehensive security and effectively conducting military operations other than war (MOOTW). China's armed forces adapt themselves to the new changes of security threats, and emphasize the employment of armed forces in peacetime. They actively participate in and assist China's economic and social development, and resolutely accomplish urgent, difficult, hazardous, and arduous tasks involving emergency rescue and disaster relief. As stipulated by law, they perform their duties of maintaining national security and stability, steadfastly subduing subversive and sabotage attempts by hostile forces, cracking down on violent and terrorist activities, and accomplishing security-provision and guarding tasks. In addition, they strengthen overseas operational capabilities such as emergency response and rescue, merchant vessel protection at sea and evacuation of Chinese nationals, and provide reliable security support for China's interests overseas.

——深化安全合作，履行國際義務。中國武裝力量是國際安全合作的倡導者、推動者和參與者。堅持和平共處五項原則，全方位開展對外軍事交往，發(fā)展不結盟、不對抗、不針對第三方的軍事合作關系，推動建立公平有效的集體安全機制和軍事互信機制。堅持開放、務實、合作的理念，深化同各國軍隊的交流與合作，加強邊境地區(qū)建立信任措施合作，推進海上安全對話與合作，參加聯(lián)合國維和行動、國際反恐合作、國際護航和救災行動，舉行中外聯(lián)演聯(lián)訓。認真履行應盡的國際責任和義務，為維護世界和平、安全、穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮積極作用。

Deepening security cooperation and fulfilling international obligations. China's armed forces are the initiator and facilitator of and participant in international security cooperation. They uphold the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, conduct all-round military exchanges with other countries, and develop cooperative military relations that are non-aligned, non-confrontational and not directed against any third party. They promote the establishment of just and effective collective security mechanisms and military confidence-building mechanisms. Bearing in mind the concept of openness, pragmatism and cooperation, China's armed forces increase their interactions and cooperation with other armed forces, and intensify cooperation on confidence-building measures (CBMs) in border areas. China's armed forces work to promote dialogue and cooperation on maritime security; participate in UN peacekeeping missions, international counter-terrorism cooperation, international merchant shipping protection and disaster relief operations; conduct joint exercises and training with foreign counterparts; conscientiously assume their due international responsibilities; and play an active role in maintaining world peace, security and stability.

——嚴格依法行動，嚴守政策紀律。中國武裝力量遵守憲法和法律，遵守《聯(lián)合國憲章》的宗旨和原則，堅持依法用兵、依法行動。嚴格執(zhí)行法律法規(guī)和政策規(guī)定，嚴守群眾紀律，依法完成搶險救災、維穩(wěn)處突和安保警戒等任務。以《聯(lián)合國憲章》和公認的國際關系準則為依據(jù)，堅持在雙邊多邊條約的法律構架內行動，確保涉外軍事行動的合法性。制定和完善法律法規(guī)和政策制度，嚴格按照條令條例管理部隊，為武裝力量多樣化運用提供法律保障。

Acting in accordance with laws, policies and disciplines. China's armed forces observe the country's Constitution and other relevant laws, comply with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, and maintain their commitment to employing troops and taking actions according to law. They strictly abide by laws, regulations and policies, as well as discipline regarding civil-military relations. According to law, they accomplish such tasks as emergency rescue, disaster relief, stability maintenance, contingency response and security provision. On the basis of the UN Charter and other universally recognized norms of international relations, they consistently operate within the legal framework formed by bilateral or multi-lateral treaties and agreements, so as to ensure the legitimacy of their operations involving foreign countries or militaries. The diversified employment of China's armed forces is legally guaranteed by formulating and revising relevant laws, regulations and policies, and the armed forces are administered strictly by rules and regulations.