五、氣候變化、能源與環(huán)境
V. Climate Change, Energy and Environment
關于即將召開的哥本哈根會議，雙方同意，依據(jù)“巴里行動計劃”積極促進《聯(lián)合國氣候變化框架公約》全面、有效和可持續(xù)實施具有重要意義。雙方?jīng)Q心根據(jù)各自國情采取重要減緩行動，并認識到兩國在促成加強世界應對氣候變化能力的可持續(xù)成果方面具有重要作用。雙方?jīng)Q心支持這些承諾。
Regarding the upcoming Copenhagen Conference, both sides agree onthe importance of actively furthering the full, effective and sustained implementation of the United Nations Framework Convention on ClimateChange in accordance with the Bali Action Plan. The United States and China, consistent with their national circumstances, resolve to take significant mitigation actions and recognize the important role thattheir countries play in promoting a sustainable outcome that will strengthen the world's ability to combat climate change. The two sides resolve to stand behind these commitments.
在此背景下，雙方致力于在哥本哈根會議達成最終的法律協(xié)議，同時相信，在共同但有區(qū)別的責任原則和各自能力的基礎上，達成的成果應包括發(fā)達國家的減排目標和發(fā)展中國家的國內(nèi)適當減緩行動。該項成果也應實質(zhì)性地增加給發(fā)展中國家的資金幫助，促進技術開發(fā)、推廣和轉(zhuǎn)讓，尤其應該注意最貧窮國家和最脆弱國家適應氣候變化的需要，促進保護和增強森林作用的措施，并在執(zhí)行減緩措施以及提供資金、技術和能力建設支持方面保持充分的透明度。
In this context both sides believe that, while striving for finallegal agreement, an agreed outcome at Copenhagen should, based on theprinciple of common but differentiated responsibilities and respectivecapabilities, include emission reduction targets of developed countriesand nationally appropriate mitigation actions of developing countries. The outcome should also substantially scale up financial assistance to developing countries, promote technology development, dissemination andtransfer, pay particular attention to the needs of the poorest and mostvulnerable to adapt to climate change, promote steps to preserve andenhance forests, and provide for full transparency with respect to the implementation of mitigation measures and provision of financial,technology and capacity building support.
雙方將共同并與其他國家一道在未來幾周內(nèi)為哥本哈根會議的成功而努力。
The two sides are committed to working together and with othercountries in the weeks ahead for a successful outcome at Copenhagen.
雙方一致認為，向綠色經(jīng)濟、低碳經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型十分關鍵，未來數(shù)年清潔能源產(chǎn)業(yè)將為兩國民眾提供大量機會，歡迎在今年7月首輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話期間宣布并于奧巴馬總統(tǒng)訪華期間正式簽署的《中美關于加強氣候變化、能源和環(huán)境合作的諒解備忘錄》基礎上，雙方為推進氣候變化、能源和環(huán)境的政策對話和務實合作采取重要步驟。
The two sides agreed that the transition to a green and low-carboneconomy is essential and that the clean energy industry will providevast opportunities for citizens of both countries in the years aheadand welcomed significant steps forward to advance policy dialogue andpractical cooperation on climate change, energy and the environment,building on the U.S.-China Memorandum of Understanding to EnhanceCooperation on Climate Change, Energy and Environment announced at thefirst round of U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue this July andformally signed during the Presidential visit.
雙方認識到《能源和環(huán)境合作十年框架》的重要性，并致力于加強清潔的大氣、水、交通、電力和資源保護領域的合作。根據(jù)在十年合作框架下新制訂的中美能效行動計劃，中美兩國將通過技術合作、示范和政策交流，共同努力以成本效益高的方式提高工業(yè)、建筑和消費品領域的能效。注意到兩國在能效領域的巨大投資，雙方強調(diào)，通過能源節(jié)約將帶來創(chuàng)造就業(yè)和促進經(jīng)濟增長的大量機遇。
The two sides recognized the importance of the Ten Year Framework on Energy and Environment Cooperation (TYF)and commit to strengthen cooperation in promoting clean air, water,transportation, electricity, and resource conservation. Through a new U.S.-China Energy Efficiency Action Plan underthe TYF, the United States and China will work together to achievecost-effective energy efficiency improvements in industry, buildingsand consumer products through technical cooperation, demonstration andpolicy exchanges. Noting both countries significant investments inenergy efficiency, the two Presidents underscored the enormousopportunities to create jobs and enhance economic growth through energysavings.
雙方歡迎《中國科技部、國家能源局與美國能源部關于中美清潔能源聯(lián)合研究中心合作議定書》的簽署。中美清潔能源聯(lián)合研究中心將為兩國科學家和工程技術人員從事清潔能源聯(lián)合研發(fā)提供便利，并為兩國研究人員提供交流平臺。雙方同意在未來五年對中美清潔能源聯(lián)合研究中心投入至少1.5億美元，兩國各出資一半。中心在兩國各設一總部。優(yōu)先研究課題將包括建筑能效、清潔煤(包括碳捕集與封存)及清潔汽車。
The two sides welcomed the signing of the Protocol Between theDepartment of Energy of the United States of America and the Ministryof Science and Technology and the National Energy Administration of thePeople's Republic of China on a Clean Energy Research Center. TheCenter will facilitate joint research and development on clean energyby teams of scientists and engineers from both countries, as well asserve as clearing house to help researchers in each country, withpublic and private funding of at least 0 million over five yearssplit evenly between the two countries. The Center will have oneheadquarters in each country. Priority topics to be addressed willinclude energy efficiency in buildings, clean coal (including carboncapture and sequestration), and clean vehicles.
雙方歡迎啟動中美電動汽車倡議，使兩國在未來數(shù)年有幾百萬輛電動汽車投入使用?；谥忻纼蓢陔妱悠囶I域的巨大投資，兩國政府宣布在十幾個城市開展聯(lián)合示范項目，并努力開發(fā)共同的技術標準以推動此產(chǎn)業(yè)規(guī)模快速增長。雙方一致認為兩國對清潔汽車的快速利用擁有很大的共同利益。
The two sides welcomed the launch of a U.S.-China Electric Vehicles Initiative designedto put millions of electric vehicles on the roads of both countries inthe years ahead. Building on significant investments in electricvehicles in both the United States and China, the two governmentsannounced a program of joint demonstration projects in more than adozen cities, along with work to develop common technical standards tofacilitate rapid scale-up of the industry. The two sides agreed thattheir countries share a strong common interest in the rapid deploymentof clean vehicles.
雙方非常歡迎兩國在發(fā)展二十一世紀煤炭技術方面的努力。雙方同意促進大規(guī)模碳捕集與封存示范項目方面的合作，并就碳捕集與封存技術的開發(fā)、利用、推廣和轉(zhuǎn)讓立即開展工作。雙方歡迎中美兩國企業(yè)、大學和研究機構最近就碳捕集與封存、煤炭高效利用技術開展合作達成的協(xié)議。
The two sides strongly welcomed work in both countries to promote 21stcentury coal technologies. They agreed to promote cooperation onlarge-scale carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) demonstrationprojects and to begin work immediately on the development, deployment,diffusion, and transfer of CCS technology. The two sides welcomedrecent agreements between Chinese and U.S. companies, universities, andresearch institutions to cooperate on CCS and more efficient coaltechnologies.
雙方歡迎《中國國家發(fā)展和改革委員會與美國環(huán)境保護局關于應對氣候變化能力建設合作備忘錄》的簽署。
The two sides welcomed the signing of the Memorandum ofCooperation between the Environmental Protection Agency of the UnitedStates and the National Development and Reform Commission of China andto Build Capacity to Address Climate Change.
雙方歡迎中美可再生能源伙伴關系的啟動。通過該伙伴關系，兩國將就大規(guī)模利用風能、太陽能、先進生物燃料和現(xiàn)代電網(wǎng)制定路線，在設計和執(zhí)行實現(xiàn)這一遠景所需的政策和技術手段方面進行合作。鑒于兩國相加市場辨模巨大，中美可再生能源的加速利用將在全球范圍內(nèi)極大降低這些技術的成本。
The two sides welcomed the launch of The U.S.-China Renewable Energy Partnership. Throughthis Partnership, the two countries will chart a pathway to wide-scaledeployment of wind, solar, advanced bio-fuels, and a modern electricpower grid in both countries and cooperate in designing andimplementing the policy and technical tools necessary to make thatvision possible. Given the combined market size of the two countries,accelerated deployment of renewable energy in The United States andChina can significantly reduce the cost of these technologies globally.
雙方歡迎建立中美能源合作項目─一種政府和產(chǎn)業(yè)間的伙伴關系，旨在加強能源安全和應對氣候變化。該項目將利用私營部門資源和專長，加快清潔能源技術的應用。
The two sides welcomed the establishment of The U.S.-China Energy Cooperation Program (ECP),a partnership between government and industry to enhance energysecurity and combat climate change. The ECP will leverage privatesector resources and expertise to accelerate the deployment of cleanenergy technology.
雙方對近期舉辦的第四屆中美能源政策對話和第九屆中美石油和天然氣產(chǎn)業(yè)論壇表示贊許，并對加速中國非常規(guī)天然氣資源發(fā)展的中美頁巖氣合作倡議的啟動表示歡迎。該倡議旨在利用美國近期的經(jīng)驗，以提高中美兩國能源安全，幫助中國向低碳經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型。
The two sides commended the results of the recently-held Fourth U.S.-China Energy Policy Dialogue and Ninth U.S.-China Oil and Gas Industry Forum and welcomed the launch of a U.S.-China Shale Gas Resource Initiativeto accelerate the development of unconventional natural gas resourcesin China. Drawing on recent experience in the United States, thisinitiative aims to improve energy security in both countries and helpChina transition to a low-carbon economy.
雙方同意促進核能和平利用的全球努力，并歡迎近期舉行的全球核能伙伴關系第三次執(zhí)行委員會會議，以及該伙伴關系尋求方法強化民用核能合作的國際框架的承諾。雙方同意互相協(xié)商，以便尋找包括保障燃料供應和全程核燃料管理的辦法，從而使各國在核擴散風險最小化的同時，能夠和平利用核能。
The two sides agreed to work together to advance global efforts topromote the peaceful use of nuclear energy. They welcomed therecently-concluded Third Executive Committee Meeting of the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership,and the commitment of the partnership to explore ways to enhance theinternational framework for civil nuclear energy cooperation. They agreed to consult with one another in order to explore such approaches--including assurance of fuel supply and cradle-to-grave nuclear fuelmanagement so that countries can access peaceful nuclear power whileminimizing the risks of proliferation.
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（來源：北外網(wǎng)院，英語點津編輯）
