你問我答
表 “開心” 的詞語：happy、joyful、blissful、cheerful
內容簡介
一位聽眾想知道形容詞 “happy”、“joyful”、“blissful” 和 “cheerful” 之間的區(qū)別。這四個詞的都能用來形容人是 “開心的、快樂的”，但它們所強調的 “快樂” 程度和種類不同，所以不能隨意互換使用。聽節(jié)目，學習如何準確使用這四個詞。
文字稿
（關于臺詞的備注: 請注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現錄制、編輯過程中對節(jié)目做出的改變。）
Jiaying
大家好，歡迎收聽 BBC英語教學的 “你問我答” 節(jié)目。I'm Jiaying.
Georgie
And I'm Georgie. We've got a great question from one of our listeners:
Question
I would like to know the difference between 'happy', 'joyful', 'blissful', and 'cheerful', and the corresponding nouns 'happiness', 'joy', 'bliss', and 'cheerfulness'.
Georgie
Jiaying. You're looking very cheerful! Why is that? Did you have a good holiday?
Jiaying
Actually, yes. 我剛休假回來，我去了英國鄉(xiāng)村放松身心，呼吸新鮮空氣，還讀了幾本好書。It was pure bliss! 真是太幸福了！
Georgie
That sounds wonderful. The adjectives 'joyful', 'blissful' and 'cheerful' and their corresponding nouns are all synonyms for 'happy' and 'happiness'. They all relate to positive emotions or states that a person experiences.
Jiaying
沒錯，形容詞 “joyful、blissful” 和 “cheerful” 和它們各自對應的名詞都是 “happy” 和 “happiness” 的近義詞。Georgie, you said I looked 'cheerful'.
Georgie
Yes, and that's a clue because 'cheerful' means noticeably happy and optimistic. If a person is cheerful, they might have a smile on their face and have a good, positive attitude. Cheerfulness is the mood of feeling cheerful.
Jiaying
是的，形容詞 “cheerful” 的意思是 “喜笑顏開的，興高采烈的”。我們用搭配 “l(fā)ook cheerful” 來形容某人 “看起來是心情愉快的”。“Cheerful” 既可以用來描述一個人當前的心情是 “十分高興的”，還可以描述一個人平時總是 “樂觀向上的，樂呵呵的”。
形容詞 “cheerful” 還可以描述事物或場所的環(huán)境氣氛是 “賞心悅目的，令人愉悅的”。它的名詞形式就是 “cheerfulness”。來聽兩個例句。
Examples
Her cheerful attitude brightens up the office every day.
（她樂觀向上的態(tài)度使辦公室每天都充滿了活力。）
The garden looks cheerful now that all those colourful flowers are in bloom.
（五顏六色的花朵爭芳吐艷，花園看起來賞心悅目。）
Jiaying
剛才，我還提到了我的假期是 “pure bliss”?！癇liss” 在這里是什么意思呢？
Georgie
'Bliss' as a noun is a state of perfect happiness and tranquillity. It has a sense of peace and calm.
Jiaying
原來，名詞 “bliss” 特別用來指 “一種無比幸福、寧靜祥和的狀態(tài)”。我們可以用搭配 “pure bliss”、“total bliss” 或 “sheer bliss” 來指 “一件事情是無比幸福，天大的享受”。
Georgie
'Blissful', the adjective, describes the feeling. I bet you felt very blissful reading your book and relaxing outside of the city.
Jiaying
I did! 名詞 “bliss” 的形容詞形式 “blissful” 就用來描述某人是 “非常幸福的”。來聽兩個例句。
Examples
We spent a week by the beach, enjoying each other's company in total bliss.
（我們在海邊呆了一個星期，享受著彼此的陪伴，無比幸福。）
After a long day at work, it felt blissful to finally lie in my warm and comfy bed.
（在漫長的一天工作后，我終于躺在了溫暖舒適的床上，感覺非常幸福。）
Georgie
Now, the nouns 'happiness' and 'joy' and their corresponding adjectives 'happy' and 'joyful' are often used interchangeably, but can you help us with their subtle differences, Jiaying?
Jiaying
Sure! 名詞 “happiness” 和 “joy” 以及形容詞 “happy” 和 “joyful” 是近義詞，所以通常可以互換使用。“Happy” 既可以描述 “一個人長期的狀態(tài)是快樂的”，也可以描述 “對一件最近發(fā)生的事情是感到高興的”。聽兩個例句。
Examples
Despite all the challenges in life, I can truthfully say that I'm happy.
（盡管生活中有種種挑戰(zhàn)，但我可以誠實地說我很快樂。）
Charlie was happy today because his Mum put his favourite snack in his lunchbox.
（查理今天很高興，因為他媽媽在他的午餐盒里放了他最喜歡的零食。）
Jiaying
來對比一下 “happiness” 和 “joy” 的區(qū)別。名詞 “joy” 既可以指 “暫時的喜悅之情”，也可以指 “長久的幸福感”。但相比之下，“joy” 指的 “喜悅” 的程度要比 “happiness” 更強烈。
Georgie
Unlike 'happiness', 'joy' can also be used as a countable noun to mean a person or thing that causes happiness. Something or someone can be 'a joy'.
Jiaying
“Joy” 可以作可數名詞使用，而名詞 “happiness” 則不能?！癆 joy” 指 “一個令人高興的人或一件樂事”。聽兩個例句。
Examples
The birth of their daughter filled the entire family with joy.
（他們女兒的出生使整個家庭充滿了歡樂。）
She's a total joy to work with.
（和她共事很愉快。）
Jiaying
總結一下：名詞 “happiness” 的意思是 “快樂，幸?！保挠梅ㄝ^為廣泛。名詞 “bliss” 和 “joy” 都屬于 “happiness” 的一種，但 “bliss” 和 “joy” 所指的 “快樂” 的程度要更強烈。同時，只有名詞 “bliss” 能夠特別強調 “一種寧靜祥和的幸福感”。名詞 “cheerfulness” 指 “興高采烈的情緒或狀態(tài)”。
Georgie
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Bye, everyone!
Jiaying
Bye.
