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BBC Learning English 英語教學(xué)
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你問我答

易混詞辨析:proceed、progress、procedure、process

內(nèi)容簡介

一位聽眾來信詢問 “proceed”、“progress”、“procedure”、“process” 之間的區(qū)別。這四個單詞在含義上有容易混淆的地方。本期節(jié)目先對比 “proceed” 和 “progress” 用作動詞,談?wù)撌虑榈?“進行” 和 “進展” 之間的區(qū)別;再對比 “procedure” 和 “process” 用作名詞,談?wù)撟瞿呈碌?“程序,步驟” 和 “過程” 之間的區(qū)別。

文字稿

(關(guān)于臺詞的備注:請注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過程中對節(jié)目做出的改變。)

Feifei
大家好,歡迎收聽 BBC英語教學(xué)的 “你問我答” 節(jié)目。我是菲菲。

Beth
And I'm Beth. This week we are answering this question:

Question
Hi. I would like to know the difference between 'proceed', 'progress', 'procedure' and 'process'.

Feifei
謝謝這位聽友發(fā)來的問題。問題中的四個單詞 “proceed”、“progress”、“procedure” 和 “process” 在含義上有容易混淆的地方。本期節(jié)目將分為兩部分講解這四個單詞的用法。

首先,我們來對比分析 “proceed” 和 “progress” 作動詞時的區(qū)別。

Beth
'Proceed' has a general meaning of 'continue or carry on as planned'.

Feifei
“Proceed” 這個詞很常用,口語和寫作中都能用得到。它的意思是 “按照計劃繼續(xù)做某事,朝特定的方向繼續(xù)進行”。“Proceed” 常用在與工作有關(guān)的語境中。請聽兩個例句。

Examples
Preparations for the concert are proceeding as expected.
(音樂會的籌備工作正在按計劃進行。)

The event was too complicated, so they decided not to proceed.
(那場活動過于復(fù)雜,因此他們決定不繼續(xù)推進了。)

Beth
'Progress' also means 'to continue', but it also has the extra meaning of development.

Feifei
單詞 “progress” 也有 “進行” 的意思,相比 “proceed”,“progress” 指的 “進行” 包含了 “在成長或前進的同時繼續(xù)” 的意思。請聽兩個例句。

Examples
I haven't progressed in my German class. I just can't remember anything!
(我的德語沒有進步,我什么都記不住。)

Her project is progressing well. She's made some interesting discoveries.
(她的項目進展順利。她有了一些很有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。)

Beth
'Progress', as a noun, has the same meaning.

Feifei
“Progress” 也可以作名詞使用,指 “進展,進步”。比如:“to make progress” 的意思是 “取得進步”。聽下面的兩個例句。

Examples
I haven't made any progress in my German class. I can't remember anything!
(我的德語沒有進步,我什么都不記得了。)

She's making progress with her project. She's made some interesting discoveries.
(她的項目取得了進展。她有了一些很有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。)

Beth
Note that as a verb, the stress is on the second syllable: progress. And the noun has the stress on the first syllable: PROgress.

Feifei
是的,大家要注意,“progress” 作動詞的時候,重音在第二個音節(jié)上,讀作 /pr??ɡres/;作名詞的時候,重音在第一個音節(jié)上,讀作 /?pr??ɡres/。

下面我們接著來對比 “process” 和 “procedure” 的區(qū)別。

Beth
A 'process' is a way of doing something, particularly a series of tasks that will result in an outcome.

Feifei
“Process” 作名詞時的意思是 “過程”,常和與時間有關(guān)的單詞連用。比如:“l(fā)ong process(漫長的過程)”、“slow process(緩慢的過程)” 和 “to delay the process of something(延遲某事的進程)”。請聽例句。

Example
Feeling settled after moving to a new country can be a long process. There's so much to do and get used to.
(搬到另一個國家后要安定下來可能是一個漫長的過程。因為有太多事情要做,有很多事情要習(xí)慣。)

Beth
A 'procedure' is a set of instructions or actions that helps you to complete something, and it's usually the most accepted or official way of doing something.

Feifei
“Procedure” 作名詞時的意思是 “程序,步驟”。“Procedure” 通常是幫助你完成某事的一組指令或動作,而這些 “步驟” 通常是做某事最被認可和接受的方式。

Listen to this example.

Example
What's the procedure for applying for a passport?
(申辦護照的程序是什么?)

Feifei
所以,“procedure” 指 “程序,步驟”;“process” 指 “過程”。

比如:要烹飪一頓大餐是 “a long process(一個漫長的過程)”,按照菜譜,每做一道菜都要遵循 “a procedure(一系列的步驟)”。

Examples
Cooking a roast dinner for ten people was a long process.
(為十個人準備一頓烤肉大餐是一個漫長的過程。)

We need to follow the recipe card. Let's go through the procedure together.
(我們得按照菜譜做菜,咱們一起按步驟來做吧。)

Feifei
因為 “procedure” 指 “做某事的正式的程序,步驟”,所以它常與 “established(既定的)”、“correct(正確的)” 和 “safety(安全)” 等單詞連用。請聽兩個例句。

Examples
Please make sure you follow the safety procedures whilst working in this environment.
(在這種環(huán)境中工作時,請確保遵循安全程序。)

What is the correct procedure for making complaints?
(投訴的正確程序是什么?)

Beth
We hope this has helped you in distinguishing the difference between these four words.

Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk

Feifei
你也可以通過微博向我們提問。我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學(xué)”。下次再會。

Beth
Bye!

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