你問我答
易混詞辨析:wake、awake、rouse、arouse
內(nèi)容簡介
一位聽眾來信詢問單詞 “wake、awake、rouse、arouse” 之間的區(qū)別。雖然動詞 “wake、awake、rouse” 都有 “喚醒,使(某人)醒來” 的意思,但它們的用法不完全相同。動詞 “arouse” 的意思是 “引起,激起,喚起某種感受”,與 “睡眠” 無關(guān)。本期節(jié)目舉例講解這四個易混詞的用法和區(qū)別。
文字稿
(關(guān)于臺詞的備注:請注意這不是廣播節(jié)目的逐字稿件。本文稿可能沒有體現(xiàn)錄制、編輯過程中對節(jié)目做出的改變。)
Feifei
大家好,歡迎收聽 BBC英語教學(xué)的 “你問我答” 節(jié)目。我是菲菲。
Beth
And I'm Beth. This week we are answering this question:
Question
求問:awake、arouse、rouse、wake 都有 “喚醒” 的意思,那區(qū)別在哪里呢?
Feifei
這位聽眾的問題中提到了 “wake、awake”、“rouse、arouse” 這兩組容易被混淆的單詞。接下來我們會逐一分析講解這四個詞的含義和用法。
Beth
Let's start by looking at 'wake' and 'awake' which can both be used as verbs. However, while 'wake' is used regularly, 'awake' is more commonly used as an adjective than a verb.
Feifei
“Wake” 和 “awake” 都可以用作動詞,表示 “醒來”,但在日常使用中 “wake” 作動詞表示 “醒來” 更常用。比如,“wake up(醒來)” 可以指 “早上睡到自然醒”。
Beth
That's right. Often it's something that wakes you. For example, a person might wake you up by making a loud noise.
Feifei
除了 “自然醒”,人或鬧鐘等噪音也可能 “wake(叫醒,喚醒)” 我們。注意,我們雖然可以用 “wake” 表示 “醒來” 或 “喚醒(某人)”,但在生活中,我們更常用 “wake up” 來表示這個意思?!癢ake someone up” 的意思是 “把某人叫醒,使某人醒來”。
“Wake” 是一個不規(guī)則動詞,它的過去式是 “woke”,過去分詞是 “woken”。比如:“be woken from a dream(從夢中醒來)”;“be woken by something(被某事喚醒)”。請聽三個例句。
Examples
She wakes up at 7 o'clock every morning.
(她每天早上7點醒來。)
My alarm clock usually wakes me up in the morning. I sleep deeply.
(早上通常都是鬧鐘把我叫醒。我睡覺很沉。)
I woke up with a headache again.
(我又是醒來時就頭痛。)
Beth
'Awake' as an adjective means 'not sleeping'. So, if you are not sleeping, you are awake.
Feifei
“Awake” 多用作形容詞,意思是 “醒著的”,它可以和動詞 “stay” 或 “keep” 搭配,組成 “stay awake” 或 “keep awake”,意思都是 “保持清醒”。請聽例句。
Examples
It's 2 am. Why are you still awake?
(現(xiàn)在是凌晨兩點,你怎么還醒著?)
This film is so boring. It's hard to stay awake.
(這部電影太無聊了,看得我好困,很難保持清醒。)
Beth
'Awake' as a verb means to stop sleeping or to wake someone up.
Feifei
“Awake” 作動詞,表示 “醒來” 或 “喚醒” 的用法多出現(xiàn)在文學(xué)寫作中,而不是日常對話中。比如,我們可能在小說里讀到這樣的句子:
Examples
Pat awoke as the man entered the room.
(那個男人走進(jìn)屋里時,帕特醒來了。)
Suddenly, the dragon awakes and roars angrily.
(突然,巨龍醒了并憤怒地吼叫。)
Feifei
下面我們來對比 “rouse” 和 “arouse”,它們都是動詞,但含義不同。
Beth
'Rouse' is similar to 'wake', but it's more literary and poetic. It is not used often in everyday conversation because it sounds formal or old-fashioned.
Feifei
動詞 “rouse” 也可以表示 “喚醒”,但這個用法更具詩意,很少見于日常對話中。聽兩個例句。
Examples
She had to rouse herself from that sweet dream and continue to study.
(她不得不把自己從美夢中喚醒,然后繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)。)
The loud noise didn't rouse him as he was sleeping so deeply.
(巨大的噪音都沒把他吵醒,因為他睡得太沉了。)
Beth
'Rouse' has another meaning and this is used in speaking. The meaning is 'to make someone take action' or 'be more excited'.
Feifei
在日常對話中,動詞 “rouse” 可以用來表示 “激勵,激發(fā)”。請聽例句。
Examples
She roused the team's spirits with an inspiring speech before the game.
(她在賽前作了動員講話,以鼓舞全隊士氣。)
The smell of the roasted duck really roused my appetite.
(烤鴨的香氣令我胃口大開。)
Beth
Now, 'arouse' means cause someone to have a particular feeling. It's not usually related to sleep.
Feifei
動詞 “arouse” 的意思與 “睡眠” 無關(guān)?!癆rouse” 用來表示 “引起,激起,喚起某種感受”。比如,一條消息可能會 “arouse interest(激起興趣,引起關(guān)注)” 或 “arouse suspicion(引起懷疑)”。請聽兩個例句。
Examples
The documentary aroused public interest in protecting polar bears.
(這部紀(jì)錄片引起了大眾對保護(hù)北極熊的關(guān)注。)
The mysterious disappearance of that artwork aroused the curiosity of historians.
(那件藝術(shù)品神秘失蹤的事件引起了歷史學(xué)家的興趣。)
Beth
On that note, let's summarise Feifei.
Feifei
動詞 “wake” 的意思是 “醒來,喚醒”;動詞 “awake” 也可以表達(dá)相同的意思,但它多見于文學(xué)作品中。形容詞 “awake” 的意思是 “醒著的”。動詞 “rouse” 在正式語境中可以表示 “喚醒”,在日常對話中多用來表示 “激勵,激發(fā)”;動詞 “arouse” 的意思則是 “引起,激起,喚起”。
Beth
Remember, if you have a question about the English language you'd like to ask us, please send us an email. Our email address is: questions.chinaelt@bbc.co.uk
Feifei
你也可以通過微博向我們提問。我們的微博賬號是 “BBC英語教學(xué)”。Bye!
Beth
Bye!