The Chinese Zodiac is known as 生肖 (shēng xiào) in Mandarin Chinese. The Chinese Zodiac is based on a 12-year cycle, with each year represented by an animal.

The 12-year cycle of the Chinese Zodiac （十二生肖，shí èr shēng xiào）is based on the traditional Chinese lunar calendar. In this calendar, the first day of the year usually falls on the second new moon after the winter solstice. On New Year's day, we enter a new Chinese zodiac cycle, which follows this order:

Rat - 鼠 - shǔ
Ox - 牛 - niú
Tiger - 虎 - hǔ
Rabbit - 兔 - tù
Dragon - 龍 - lóng
Snake - 蛇 - shé
Horse - 馬 - mǎ
Ram - 羊 - yáng
Monkey - 猴 - hóu
Chicken - 雞 - jī
Dog - 狗 - gǒu
Pig - 豬 - zhū

As with many Chinese traditions, there is a story attached to the types of animals and the order they appear in the Chinese Zodiac. The Jade Emperor (玉皇 - Yù Huáng), according to Chinese myth, governs all of heaven and earth. He was so busy ruling the universe that he had no time to visit earth. He wished to know what the animals of earth looked like, so he invited them all to his heavenly palace for a banquet.

The cat was fond of sleeping but did not want to miss the banquet, so he asked his friend the rat to be sure to wake him on the day of the banquet. The rat, however, was jealous of the cat's beauty and was afraid of being judged ugly by the Jade Emperor, so he let the cat sleep.

As the animals arrived in heaven, the Jade Emperor was so impressed with them that he decided to give each one their own year, arranged by the order they had arrived.

The cat, of course, had missed the banquet and was furious with the rat for letting him sleep, and that is why rats and cats are enemies to this day.

Qualities Of The Chinese Zodiac Signs

Just the like Western zodiac, the Chinese zodiac attributes personality qualities to each of the 12 animal signs. These are often derived from observations about how animals behave and also come from the story of how the animals traveled to the Jade Emperor's banquet.

The dragon, for example, could have been the first to arrive at the banquet, since he could fly. But he stopped to help some villagers and then helped the rabbit on his way. So those born in the year of the dragon are described as being interested in the world and willing to give a helping hand.

The rat, on the other hand, arrived at the banquet by hitching a ride on the ox. Just as the ox arrived at the palace, the rat stuck his nose forward, so was the first to arrive. Those born in the year of the rat are described as shrewd and manipulative, traits which can also be drawn from the story of the rat and the cat.

Here is a brief summary of qualities associated with each sign of the Chinese zodiac:

Rat - 鼠 - shǔ
forthright, generous, outgoing, loves money, hates waste

Ox - 牛 - niú
calm, dependable, obstinate, reliable, proud, and can be uncompromising

Tiger - 虎 - hǔ
loving, giving, optimistic, idealistic, stubborn, self-centered, emotional

Rabbit - 兔 - tù
careful, systematic, considerate, can be indifferent, temperamental, shrewd

Dragon - 龍 - lóng
strong, energetic, proud, confident, but can be illogical and obsessive.

Snake - 蛇 - shé
intellectual, superstitious, independent, private, cautious, suspicious

Horse - 馬 - mǎ
cheerful, lively, impulsive, manipulative, friendly, self-reliant

Ram - 羊 - yáng
good-natured, timid, emotional, pessimistic, mild, forgiving

Monkey - 猴 - hóu
successful, charming, crafty, can be dishonest, self-centered, inquisitive

Chicken - 雞 - jī
conservative, aggressive, decisive, logical, can be overly critical

Dog - 狗 - gǒu
clever, willing to help others, open-minded, practical, can be belligerent

Pig - 豬 - zhū
brave, trustworthy, patient, diplomatic, can be hot-tempered

Source: Thought.Co
Editor: wanwan