英語大破解
How 'rewiggling' a river brought its fish back 環(huán)保工作者修復(fù)曲流使原生魚類回歸
本集內(nèi)容
How 'rewiggling' a river brought its fish back 環(huán)保工作者修復(fù)曲流使原生魚類回歸
文字稿
A river coming back to life.
這條河正重現(xiàn)生機。
Fish are now breeding in this part of Swindale Beck in Cumbria – in habitat that has been missing for 200 years.
魚類現(xiàn)在在英格蘭坎布里亞郡斯溫代爾河的這一流域繁衍生息，這一生機勃勃的景象已有200年不見蹤影。
This one kilometre stretch of river was artificially straightened two centuries ago. But conservationists have now set it back on its original meandering course.
這條一公里長的河流是兩個世紀(jì)前被人工改直的。但自然資源保護(hù)者們現(xiàn)已將它改回到了原本蜿蜒曲折的河道上。
The results of this restoration are really starting to show.
修復(fù)工作的成果已經(jīng)開始顯現(xiàn)。
Lee Schofield, Senior Site Manager, RSPB Haweswater
"In this little bit of river that we can see here, we've got a fantastic gravel bar. We've got the riffles that we can hear. A little bit further up near one of the meanders, we've got a nice deep pool. So as soon as you get the physical conditions back, the whole kind of food chain seems to reassert itself."
李·斯科菲爾德 英國皇家鳥類保護(hù)協(xié)會-霍沃斯沃特 自然保護(hù)區(qū)高級經(jīng)理
“在我們可以看到的這一小段河流中，有一個奇妙的礫石壩。我們能聽到淺灘上的流水聲。在稍遠(yuǎn)處一條曲流附近，還有一個深水處。所以，一旦恢復(fù)了原本的自然條件，整條食物鏈似乎就重新形成了。”
The river was straightened by farmers to reduce the risk of their surrounding hay meadows being flooded.
這條河曾被農(nóng)民們改直，以降低周圍干草草地被洪水淹沒的風(fēng)險。
But that had unintended consequences for nature and for the quality of the water in this landscape.
但截彎取直的做法給自然和這里的水質(zhì)帶來了意想不到的后果。
The slower flowing water is now cleaning itself – depositing sediment on its banks rather than washing it downstream.
流速較慢的水現(xiàn)在有清潔自身水質(zhì)的作用，將沉積物帶到岸上，而不是直接沖刷到下游。
The meandering water can now spill out onto its ancient flood plains, so there's less risk of flooding downstream.
蜿蜒曲折的水流現(xiàn)在可以溢到岸邊古老的洪泛區(qū)，因此下游發(fā)生洪水的風(fēng)險降低了。
But is there space for landscapes to be restored like this and for the surrounding farmland to be productive?
但是，在通過這種方式修復(fù)景觀的同時，是否能保持周圍農(nóng)田的生產(chǎn)力？
Annabel Rushton, RSPB Haweswater
"Our whole approach here at Haweswater is about showing that conservation and farming can work closely together and mutually benefit each other. Certainly here in Cumbria, there [are] a lot of farmers that we know that are going to this kind of more nature-friendly, sustainable, regenerative models of farming."
安娜貝爾·拉什頓 英國皇家鳥類保護(hù)協(xié)會-霍沃斯沃特
“我們在霍沃斯沃特的整體方法是展現(xiàn)保護(hù)工作和農(nóng)業(yè)可以緊密協(xié)作、互惠互利。當(dāng)然，在坎布里亞郡，我們知道有很多農(nóng)民正在采用這種更環(huán)保、可持續(xù)、可再生的農(nóng)業(yè)模式?！?/p>
Do we need more wiggling rivers, then, across the landscape?
那這個景觀是否需要更多蜿蜒曲折的河流？
Lee Schofield, Senior Site Manager, RSPB Haweswater
"Yeah. Nature really does need chaos, it needs randomness, it needs the freedom to be dynamic. And it needs the potential to be able to change over time. Knowing that we can as a species, kind of, put back, you know, we can restore this stuff, is hugely inspiring."
李·斯科菲爾德 英國皇家鳥類保護(hù)協(xié)會-霍沃斯沃特 自然保護(hù)區(qū)高級經(jīng)理
“需要。大自然確實需要混亂和隨性，它還需要自由，才能充滿活力。此外，自然需要有隨著時間的推移而改變的潛力。而現(xiàn)在，我們知道人類有能力恢復(fù)這些生態(tài)環(huán)境，這非常鼓舞人心?！?/p>
