目前，虛擬電廠已在我國落地生根，《“十四五”現(xiàn)代能源體系規(guī)劃》中強(qiáng)調(diào)了虛擬電廠在電力輔助服務(wù)中的重要作用。能源專家們認(rèn)為，該模式還有助于減少電力行業(yè)對(duì)化石能源的依賴。

Construction of virtual power plants is on the rise in China as the country continues to move toward a more sustainable energy mix, with renewables taking up an increasing share.

隨著中國繼續(xù)朝著更可持續(xù)的能源結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展，可再生能源所占比例日益增大，虛擬電廠的建設(shè)正在中國興起。

A virtual power plant uses advanced technologies and software systems to collect data of electricity generated from distributed sources, such as rooftop solar power facilities, power storage systems and electric vehicles. Different from conventional power plants, virtual power plants do not generate electricity; instead, they manage the energy flow and optimize the supply of electricity.

虛擬電廠使用先進(jìn)的技術(shù)和軟件系統(tǒng)來收集來自分布式來源的電力數(shù)據(jù)，例如屋頂太陽能發(fā)電設(shè)施、電力存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)和電動(dòng)汽車。與傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電廠不同，虛擬電廠不發(fā)電，而是調(diào)度能量流并優(yōu)化電力供應(yīng)。

Fifteen virtual power plants in Shanxi province have completed construction. Their combined daily electricity output of 1.568 million kilowatt-hours could supply power to about 224,000 households a day during peak time, said State Grid Shanxi Electric Power Co, a major builder of the plants.

山西省已建成15座虛擬電廠。國網(wǎng)山西省電力公司是虛擬電廠最主要、最重要的建設(shè)和參與方。該公司表示，在電力供應(yīng)緊張時(shí)期，虛擬電廠每天可釋放出156.8萬千瓦時(shí)電量，可滿足22.4萬戶家庭的日用電需要。

The company said construction of virtual power plants is crucial for optimizing energy systems and ensuring the growing demand for clean, reliable and affordable power is met.

該公司表示，虛擬電廠的建設(shè)對(duì)于優(yōu)化能源系統(tǒng)和確保滿足對(duì)清潔、可靠和負(fù)擔(dān)得起的電力日益增長(zhǎng)的需求至關(guān)重要。

The construction followed Shanxi's launch of an action plan in June last year to regulate the building and operation of virtual power plants in case of power shortages after a large number of renewables connect to the grid.

去年6月，山西省出臺(tái)《虛擬電廠建設(shè)與運(yùn)營管理實(shí)施方案》，以防大量可再生能源并網(wǎng)后出現(xiàn)電力短缺。

Recently, China's first project on the research of industrial standards in the area of virtual power plants received approvals from the government, which will provide technical standards on the resource allocation and assessment of virtual power plants.

近日，中國首個(gè)虛擬電廠領(lǐng)域行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究項(xiàng)目獲得政府批文，將為虛擬電廠資源配置和評(píng)估提供技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Last year, Shenzhen had established a regulation center for virtual power plants, the first of its kind in China. At present, Jiangsu province, Zhejiang province, Shanghai and other regions have implemented the practice of virtual power plants. They collect power mainly from energy storage facilities, charging piles and residential buildings, said a recent report from Sealand Securities.

去年，深圳成立了中國首個(gè)虛擬電廠監(jiān)管中心。目前，江蘇、浙江、上海等省市陸續(xù)開展虛擬電廠試點(diǎn)工作。國海證券近日發(fā)布的報(bào)告稱，虛擬電廠主要從儲(chǔ)能設(shè)施、充電樁和住宅建筑中收集電力。

"The virtual power plants have become increasingly important as a supplement to conventional power plants to ensure the reliability and stability of energy supply, especially in renewable energy systems," said Lin Boqiang, head of the China Institute for Studies in Energy Policy at Xiamen University in Fujian province.

廈門大學(xué)中國能源政策研究院院長(zhǎng)林伯強(qiáng)表示：“虛擬電廠作為傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電廠的補(bǔ)充，在確保能源供應(yīng)的可靠性和穩(wěn)定性方面變得越來越重要，尤其是在可再生能源系統(tǒng)中。”

"Virtual power plants, together with power storage systems, collect energy available from the user end, such as rooftop solar power facilities and supply them to other users in need, which makes them an important part in promoting low-carbon and energy-efficient development," Lin said.

林伯強(qiáng)說：“虛擬電廠與電力存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)一起，收集來自用戶端的能量，如屋頂太陽能設(shè)施，并將其供應(yīng)給其他有需要的用戶，這使其成為促進(jìn)低碳和節(jié)能發(fā)展的重要組成部分?！?/p>

In the past, fossil fuels like coal were often the only source of electricity. Power supply management was realized through grid operators' dispatch centers to meet demand. During peak hours, the centers would send signals to power generators, and the latter would burn additional coal to ramp up power generation.

在過去，煤炭等化石燃料通常是電力的唯一來源。通過電網(wǎng)運(yùn)營商調(diào)度中心實(shí)現(xiàn)供電管理，滿足用電需求。在高峰時(shí)段，這些中心將向發(fā)電機(jī)發(fā)送信號(hào)，后者將燃燒更多煤炭來提高發(fā)電量。

However, as the focus of power generation gradually shifted toward renewable energy resources, such as solar and wind, problems emerged as these modalities are intermittent and not always available when needed, making it extremely difficult to manage power supply.

然而，隨著發(fā)電的重點(diǎn)逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向光伏和風(fēng)電等可再生能源，問題出現(xiàn)了，這些供電方式是間歇性的，并不是在需要時(shí)總是可用，這使得管理電力供應(yīng)極其困難。

Under such circumstances, virtual power plants emerged as a supplement to conventional power plants in the task of allocating power generated from distributed sources in case demand surpasses supply.

在這種情況下，虛擬電廠作為傳統(tǒng)發(fā)電廠的補(bǔ)充，在需求大于供應(yīng)的情況下，分配分布式的電源產(chǎn)生的電力。

Estimates from Huaxi Securities showed that by 2025, the market scale of investment and construction of virtual power plants will exceed 30 billion yuan.

據(jù)華西證券預(yù)計(jì)，到2025年，虛擬電廠投資建設(shè)市場(chǎng)規(guī)模將超過300億元。

來源：中國日?qǐng)?bào)

編輯：yaning