每日一詞∣制造業(yè)采購經(jīng)理指數(shù) manufacturing PMI
中國日報網(wǎng) 2023-02-01 17:10
國家統(tǒng)計局1月31日發(fā)布數(shù)據(jù),1月份,中國制造業(yè)采購經(jīng)理指數(shù)(PMI)為50.1%,比上月上升3.1個百分點。
The purchasing managers' index (PMI) for China's manufacturing sector came in at 50.1 in January, up from 47 in last December, data from the National Bureau of Statistics showed on Jan 31.
【知識點】
采購經(jīng)理指數(shù) (Purchasing Managers’ Index,簡稱 PMI) 是通過對企業(yè)采購經(jīng)理的調(diào)查結(jié)果統(tǒng)計匯總、編制而成的月度綜合性指數(shù),涵蓋企業(yè)采購、生產(chǎn)、流通等各個環(huán)節(jié),是國際上通行的宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)監(jiān)測指標(biāo)之一。由于采購經(jīng)理調(diào)查簡單易行,科學(xué)合理,目前國際上有 50 多個國家和地區(qū)編制并發(fā)布 PMI 指數(shù)。
PMI 是宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)變化的晴雨表,對國家經(jīng)濟(jì)活動的監(jiān)測、預(yù)測和預(yù)警具有重要作用。PMI 指標(biāo)體系包括制造業(yè)和非制造業(yè)領(lǐng)域,分別反映制造業(yè)和非制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)總體變化趨勢,及企業(yè)經(jīng)營活動多個側(cè)面的運(yùn)行情況。
PMI 具有先行指數(shù)的特性,可以方便、及時地顯示經(jīng)濟(jì)變化的趨勢和范圍,預(yù)測經(jīng)濟(jì)拐點。PMI 取值范圍在 0 至 100% 之間,50% 為擴(kuò)張與收縮的臨界點;高于 50%,表示經(jīng)濟(jì)活動比上月有所擴(kuò)張;低于50%,表示經(jīng)濟(jì)活動比上月有所收縮。
制造業(yè) PMI 是一個綜合指數(shù),由新訂單、生產(chǎn)、從業(yè)人員、供應(yīng)商配送時間、原材料庫存 5 個分類指數(shù)加權(quán)計算而成。
【重要講話】
堅持把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)的著力點放在實體經(jīng)濟(jì)上,推進(jìn)新型工業(yè)化,加快建設(shè)制造強(qiáng)國、質(zhì)量強(qiáng)國、航天強(qiáng)國、交通強(qiáng)國、網(wǎng)絡(luò)強(qiáng)國、數(shù)字中國。實施產(chǎn)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)再造工程和重大技術(shù)裝備攻關(guān)工程,支持專精特新企業(yè)發(fā)展,推動制造業(yè)高端化、智能化、綠色化發(fā)展。
In pursuing economic growth, we must continue to focus on the real economy. We will advance new industrialization and move faster to boost China’s strength in manufacturing, product quality, aerospace, transportation, cyberspace, and digital development. We will carry out industrial foundation reengineering projects and research projects on major technologies and equipment; support enterprises that use special and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products; and move the manufacturing sector toward higher-end, smarter, and greener production.
—— 2022年10月16日,習(xí)近平在中國共產(chǎn)黨第二十次全國代表大會上的報告
高質(zhì)量發(fā)展是“十四五”時期我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必由之路,裝備制造業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展更是重中之重。
High-quality development is the route that the Chinese economy must take during the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25) period, and high-quality development of the equipment manufacturing industry is the top priority.
——2021年4月26日,習(xí)近平考察廣西柳工集團(tuán)有限公司時強(qiáng)調(diào)
【相關(guān)詞匯】
制造業(yè)創(chuàng)新中心
manufacturing innovation center
世界第一制造大國
the world's largest manufacturing country
消費者價格指數(shù)
consumer price index(CPI)