> UK faces longest recession since records began
畢馬威：英國經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退或?qū)⒊掷m(xù)至明年年底

The UK has fallen into a recession which could be the longest since records began in the 1950s, economists have warned. Accountancy firm KPMG said the country dropped into recession, defined as two consecutive quarters of decline, in the third quarter of the year.
經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家警告稱，英國經(jīng)濟(jì)已陷入衰退，這將是自上世紀(jì)50年代以來持續(xù)時間最長的衰退。會計師事務(wù)所畢馬威稱，英國經(jīng)濟(jì)今年第三季度陷入衰退，連續(xù)兩個季度下滑。

Forecasters expect the downturn to last until the end of next year, knocking 1.9 percent off the UK's economic output. Chief economist Yael Selfin said the decline is being driven by the soaring energy and food prices facing households.
分析人士預(yù)測，衰退將持續(xù)到明年年底，經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)出將萎縮1.9%。畢馬威首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家耶爾?塞爾芬表示，英國民眾面臨能源和食品價格飆升的問題，這推動了英國經(jīng)濟(jì)陷入衰退。

Selfin said families, particularly those on lower incomes, will rein in spending in the New Year, and eat out less often. Households had already started cutting back by the time energy bills shot up to ￡2,500 for a typical household in October.
塞爾芬說，英國家庭，尤其是低收入家庭，將在新年期間控制開支，減少外出就餐的次數(shù)。今年10月，英國普通家庭在能源賬單飆升至2500英鎊時，已經(jīng)開始削減開支。

Soaring interest rates in the wake of Liz Truss and Kwasi Kwarteng's disastrous mini-Budget also 'added a headwind' to growth, KPMG said in its economic outlook report.
畢馬威在其經(jīng)濟(jì)前景報告中表示，利茲?特拉斯和夸西?夸滕災(zāi)難性的“迷你預(yù)算”導(dǎo)致市場利率大幅上升，也給經(jīng)濟(jì)增長帶來了阻力。

KPMG added that by the middle of 2024 spending in the UK per person will have fallen by 3.4 percent.
畢馬威還表示，到2024年中期，英國人均支出將下降3.4%。

Despite Britain facing the longest recession on record, Selfin said it will be 'less severe' than downturns in the 1970s and the recession caused by the financial crisis in 2008.
盡管英國面臨著有記錄以來最長的衰退，但塞爾芬表示，與上世紀(jì)70年代的衰退和2008年金融危機(jī)造成的衰退相比，這次衰退“沒那么嚴(yán)重”。

Selfin said the picture could turn more positive, particularly if energy bills return to more normal levels.
塞爾芬認(rèn)為，情況可能會變得更加積極，特別是如果能源價格恢復(fù)到更正常水平。

> Impaired taste & smell after a Covid-19 infection linked to higher levels of antibodies
美國研究：嗅覺味覺減退的新冠感染者或產(chǎn)生更高水平抗體

In a new study published in the journal PLOS One, a group of researchers based in the United States found that the odds of developing greater amounts of antibodies to the coronavirus could be two times higher among those who experienced altered smell and taste post infection.
美國一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，感染新冠病毒后出現(xiàn)嗅覺和味覺減退的人，其產(chǎn)生更高水平抗體的可能性要高出兩倍。該研究發(fā)表在PLOS One期刊上。

At the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, loss of smell and taste were identified as one of the key symptoms of a SARS-CoV-2 infection.
在疫情初期，嗅覺味覺喪失被確定為新冠感染的主要癥狀之一。

It has been reported that loss of smell is experienced by at least 43% up to 62% of people who had Covid-19 and tends to occur in the early stages after catching the virus.
據(jù)報道，新冠病毒感染者中，至少43%至62%的人會出現(xiàn)嗅覺失靈，并且該癥狀往往發(fā)生在感染病毒后的初期階段。

To gain a better understanding of how people with altered smell and taste might have developed antibodies after a Covid-19 infection, the researchers enrolled 309 patients who are a part of the NewYork-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center convalescent plasma trials.
為了更好地研究感染新冠后嗅覺味覺減退的人產(chǎn)生抗體的情況，研究人員招募了309名患者，他們參加了紐約長老會醫(yī)院和哥倫比亞大學(xué)歐文醫(yī)學(xué)中心的恢復(fù)期血漿試驗。

All of them had been diagnosed with Covid-19 recently when the trial had begun in 2020. More than 60% of them were white women.
2020年研究開始時，這些參與者都剛剛確診新冠，其中超過60%是白人女性。

Around 64% of them reported loss of smell and/or loss of taste.
大約64%的人報告了嗅覺和（或）味覺失靈。

“Results from our study suggest that loss of smell and taste during COVID-19 infection are strong predictive factors for a robust immunologic response.” the researchers concluded.
研究人員總結(jié)稱：“研究結(jié)果表明，感染新冠期間的嗅覺和味覺失靈是強(qiáng)免疫反應(yīng)的強(qiáng)預(yù)測因素?！?/p>

However, a major limitation of the study is that the participants had themselves reported whether or not they experienced a loss of smell and taste during and after a Covid-19 infection.
然而，該研究存在一個主要局限性。參與者自己報告他們是否在感染期間和之后出現(xiàn)嗅覺味覺失靈。

That means several participants might have faced difficulties in recalling whether their sense of smell or taste was altered or not.
這意味著一些參與者可能無法準(zhǔn)確回憶起自己的嗅覺或味覺是否改變。

A 2022 study revealed that at least 90% of people who lost their sense of smell or taste gradually get it back within a span of two years.
2022年的一項研究顯示，至少90%嗅覺或味覺失靈的新冠感染者在兩年內(nèi)逐漸恢復(fù)嗅覺或味覺。

The good news is, only 5% of people who reported losing their sense of smell or taste said it lasted for six months, although, women seem to be more prone to suffer from this symptom than men.
好消息是，報告嗅覺或味覺失靈的人群中，只有5%的人表示這種癥狀持續(xù)了六個月，女性似乎比男性更易出現(xiàn)該癥狀。

While there are several theories as to why a Covid-19 infection might alter an individual’s sense of smell and taste, a lot of uncertainties still persist.
關(guān)于感染新冠可能改變個體嗅覺和味覺的原因有多種解釋，但這些理論仍存在許多不確定性。

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