每日一詞∣能源供給體系 energy supply system
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2022-10-19 17:00
10月17日,在二十大新聞中心舉行的記者招待會(huì)上,國(guó)家能源局相關(guān)負(fù)責(zé)人表示,黨的十八大以來(lái),我國(guó)能源供給體系逐步完善,能源自給率保持在80%以上,不僅經(jīng)受住了新冠肺炎疫情、重大自然災(zāi)害等方面的嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn),而且有力應(yīng)對(duì)了國(guó)際能源價(jià)格動(dòng)蕩對(duì)我發(fā)展的傳導(dǎo)影響。
China's energy supply system has improved over the past decade, with a self-sufficiency rate exceeding 80 percent, according to the National Energy Administration. China's energy supply system has withstood the tests of the COVID-19 epidemic and major natural disasters, and effectively cushioned the impact of volatile international energy prices, an official with the National Energy Administration said at a press conference on the sidelines of the ongoing 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China on October 17.
2022年10月2日無(wú)人機(jī)拍攝的位于海南洋浦經(jīng)濟(jì)開發(fā)區(qū)的申能電氣風(fēng)電新能源裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)項(xiàng)目工地。(圖片來(lái)源:新華社)
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
能源是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)支撐。作為能源生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)大國(guó),確保能源安全始終是做好能源工作的首要任務(wù)。而確保能源安全關(guān)鍵在保障能源供給。供給短缺是最大的能源不安全,必須以保障安全為前提構(gòu)建現(xiàn)代能源體系,著力提高能源自主供給能力。黨的十八大以來(lái),我國(guó)多輪驅(qū)動(dòng)的能源供給體系正逐步完善,供給質(zhì)量和效益不斷提升,能源自給率始終保持在80%以上。我國(guó)能源生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)結(jié)構(gòu)不斷優(yōu)化,清潔能源和非化石能源消費(fèi)比重加快提高,煤炭占能源消費(fèi)總量比重總體呈下降趨勢(shì)。我國(guó)能源發(fā)展正向著清潔低碳方向邁進(jìn),進(jìn)入高質(zhì)量發(fā)展新階段。
在新形勢(shì)下,將緊緊圍繞能源發(fā)展的新任務(wù)新要求,在進(jìn)一步夯實(shí)常規(guī)能源保供基礎(chǔ)的同時(shí),大力發(fā)展可再生能源,積極推動(dòng)綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型,努力為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展提供堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的能源保障。重點(diǎn)做好五個(gè)方面的工作。一是抓好形勢(shì)監(jiān)測(cè)和運(yùn)行管理。提前研判迎峰度夏、迎峰度冬電力的供需形勢(shì),做細(xì)做實(shí)保供方案。實(shí)行全國(guó)煤炭產(chǎn)量日調(diào)度的機(jī)制和價(jià)格、庫(kù)存的監(jiān)測(cè)機(jī)制,加強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)煤炭企業(yè)產(chǎn)量直接調(diào)度。督促各類電源機(jī)組應(yīng)開盡開,充分釋放大電網(wǎng)跨省區(qū)的互濟(jì)能力。用市場(chǎng)化的方式引導(dǎo)用戶錯(cuò)峰避峰。二是協(xié)調(diào)保障發(fā)電燃料供應(yīng)。簽訂壓實(shí)《煤炭安全保供責(zé)任書》,對(duì)有關(guān)省區(qū)完成產(chǎn)量和調(diào)出量進(jìn)行政策激勵(lì)或約束,同步加強(qiáng)電煤中長(zhǎng)期合同履約監(jiān)管。三是加強(qiáng)煤炭電力產(chǎn)能建設(shè)。今年前8個(gè)月全國(guó)煤炭產(chǎn)量29.3億噸,同比增長(zhǎng)了11%?!笆奈濉币詠?lái)全國(guó)新投產(chǎn)各類電源裝機(jī)超過(guò)了2.7億千瓦,新增向中東部送電能力在2000萬(wàn)千瓦以上。四是推動(dòng)油氣產(chǎn)業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展。統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)產(chǎn)供儲(chǔ)銷體系建設(shè),大力提升油氣勘探開發(fā)力度,不斷完善油氣進(jìn)口保障體系。五是大力發(fā)展清潔能源。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)以沙漠、戈壁、荒漠地區(qū)為重點(diǎn)的大型風(fēng)電光伏基地和海上風(fēng)電基地的建設(shè),加快推進(jìn)西南大型水電站的建設(shè),比如說(shuō)烏東德和白鶴灘等巨型水電站建成投產(chǎn),積極安全有序發(fā)展沿海核電。大力發(fā)展抽水蓄能電站,建設(shè)新型儲(chǔ)能電站,不斷提升系統(tǒng)的調(diào)節(jié)能力。
【重要講話】
中國(guó)已建成全球規(guī)模最大的碳市場(chǎng)和清潔發(fā)電體系,可再生能源裝機(jī)容量超10億千瓦,1億千瓦大型風(fēng)電光伏基地已有序開工建設(shè)。實(shí)現(xiàn)碳達(dá)峰碳中和,不可能畢其功于一役。中國(guó)將破立并舉、穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打,在推進(jìn)新能源可靠替代過(guò)程中逐步有序減少傳統(tǒng)能源,確保經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)平穩(wěn)發(fā)展。
China now has the world's biggest carbon market and biggest clean power generation system: the installed capacity of renewable energy has exceeded one billion kilowatts, and the construction of wind and photovoltaic power stations with a total installed capacity of 100 million kilowatts is well under way. Carbon peak and carbon neutrality cannot be realized overnight. Through solid and steady steps, China will pursue an orderly phase-down of traditional energy in the course of finding reliable substitution in new energy. This approach, which combines phasing out the old and bringing in the new, will ensure steady economic and social development.
——2022年1月17日,習(xí)近平在2022年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇視頻會(huì)議的演講
能源低碳發(fā)展關(guān)乎人類未來(lái)。中國(guó)高度重視能源低碳發(fā)展,積極推進(jìn)能源消費(fèi)、供給、技術(shù)、體制革命。中國(guó)愿同國(guó)際社會(huì)一道,全方位加強(qiáng)能源合作,維護(hù)能源安全,應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化,保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境,促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展,更好造福世界各國(guó)人民。
Low-carbon energy development concerns the future of humanity. China attaches great importance to low-carbon energy development and actively promotes energy consumption, supply, technology and institutional transformation. The country is ready to work with the international community to strengthen energy cooperation in all aspects, safeguard energy security, address climate change, protect the ecology and environment, promote sustainable development and bring more benefits to people around the world.
——2019年10月22日,習(xí)近平向2019年太原能源低碳發(fā)展論壇致賀信
【相關(guān)詞匯】
可再生能源
renewable energy
能源綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型
green-oriented transition of energy
能源科技創(chuàng)新
energy technology innovation