> US life expectancy plunged again in 2021
美國(guó)人預(yù)期壽命降至1996年以來最低水平

Life expectancy fell in the United States in 2021 for the second year in a row to its lowest level since 1996, driven by COVID-19 deaths, according to provisional government data published on Wednesday.
根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間8月31日公布的臨時(shí)性政府?dāng)?shù)據(jù)，受新冠肺炎疫情影響，美國(guó)2021年的預(yù)期壽命縮短至1996年以來的最低水平，連續(xù)第二年下降。

The nearly one-year decline from 2020, to 76.1 years, marked the largest two-year drop in life expectancy at birth in close to a century, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) found.
美國(guó)疾病控制和預(yù)防中心發(fā)現(xiàn)，自2020年起，美國(guó)的平均預(yù)期壽命出現(xiàn)了近1歲的下降，縮短至76.1歲，這也是近一個(gè)世紀(jì)以來美國(guó)平均預(yù)期壽命最大的兩年降幅。

Disparity in life expectancy between men and women also widened last year to the highest in over two decades, with men now expected to live 73.2 years, nearly six fewer years than women.
2021年，美國(guó)男性和女性之間的預(yù)期壽命差距也擴(kuò)大到了20多年來的最高水平。目前，美國(guó)男性的預(yù)期壽命為73.2歲，比女性少了近6歲。

COVID-19 was associated with more than 460,000 US deaths in 2021, contributing to half of the overall decline in life expectancy last year, with drug overdoses and heart disease also major contributors, the data showed.
數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2021年美國(guó)預(yù)期壽命總體下降，其中一半原因歸咎于新冠肺炎導(dǎo)致的死亡，2021年美國(guó)超過46萬的死亡數(shù)與其有關(guān)。此外，藥物過量和心臟病也是主要原因。

> Miss England finalist becomes first in pageant's history to compete without makeup
英國(guó)女大學(xué)生成不化妝參加英格蘭小姐選美第一人

A Miss England finalist has become the first ever beauty queen to compete without wearing any makeup in the pageant's nearly century-long history.
一名入圍英格蘭小姐選美決賽的選手成為這項(xiàng)比賽長(zhǎng)達(dá)近一個(gè)世紀(jì)的歷史上完全素顏參賽的第一人。

Melisa Raouf, a 20-year-old college student from south London, moved forward at the pageant's semifinals on Monday after opting for a barefaced look.
來自倫敦南部的20歲女大學(xué)生梅麗莎?拉烏夫在選擇以素顏參加8月22日的英格蘭小姐選美半決賽后順利晉級(jí)。

"It means a lot to me as I feel many girls of different ages wear makeup because they feel pressured to do so," Raouf said. "If one is happy in their own skin, we should not be made to cover up our face with makeup. Our flaws make us who we are, and that's what makes every individual unique," she added.
拉烏夫稱：“素顏參賽對(duì)我意義重大，因?yàn)槲艺J(rèn)為許多不同年齡段的女孩化妝都是迫于壓力?！薄?“如果一個(gè)人覺得素顏很舒服，就不應(yīng)該被迫化妝。我們的缺陷使我們成為我們自己，這也讓每個(gè)人都獨(dú)一無二?！?/p>

According to organizers, Raouf plans to go bare-faced again at the national final in October.
主辦方透露，拉烏夫打算再次素顏參加10月份的全國(guó)總決賽。

> ‘Zombie ice’ from Greenland will raise sea level 10 inches
格陵蘭島“僵尸冰”融化或使全球海平面上升27厘米

Zombie ice from the massive Greenland ice sheet will eventually raise global sea levels by at least 10 inches (27 centimeters) on its own, according to a study released Monday.
8月29日公布的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，格陵蘭島巨大冰蓋上的“僵尸冰”融化將使全球海平面上升至少10英寸（27厘米）。

Zombie or doomed ice is ice that is still attached to thicker areas of ice, but is no longer getting fed by those larger glaciers.
“僵尸冰”或“死冰”附著在較厚的冰川上，但受母冰川補(bǔ)雪減少影響，這些冰將無法再補(bǔ)冰。

That’s because the parent glaciers are getting less replenishing snow. Meanwhile, the doomed ice is melting from climate change, said study co-author William Colgan, a glaciologist at the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland.
研究論文的合著者、丹麥和格陵蘭地質(zhì)調(diào)查局的冰川學(xué)家威廉?科爾根稱，由于氣候變化，這些“僵尸冰”正在融化。

“It’s dead ice. It’s just going to melt and disappear from the ice sheet,” Colgan said in an interview. “This ice has been consigned to the ocean, regardless of what climate (emissions) scenario we take now.”
科爾根在一次采訪中稱：“這是死冰，它將融化并從冰蓋上消失。不管我們現(xiàn)在采取怎樣的氣候排放方案，這些冰都會(huì)融入海洋中?！?/p>

> US appeals to farmers to plant two crops instead of one
美國(guó)呼吁農(nóng)民嘗試兩熟種植制度 應(yīng)對(duì)潛在的食物短缺危機(jī)

The US Department of Agriculture this summer has encouraged American farmers to grow one crop after the other on one piece of land to combat a potential food shortage.
美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部今年夏天呼吁農(nóng)民在同一土地上連續(xù)種植兩種作物，以應(yīng)對(duì)潛在的糧食短缺危機(jī)。

Wheat prices have almost doubled, and exports have been restricted since the start of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, two of the world's biggest wheat exporters. Global food supplies have been severely affected.
自俄烏沖突爆發(fā)以來，同為全球小麥出口大國(guó)的俄羅斯和烏克蘭小麥出口受限，小麥價(jià)格幾乎翻了一番，嚴(yán)重影響了全球糧食供應(yīng)。

USDA is now pushing double-cropping, hoping to reduce reliance on Russian and Ukrainian wheat and also to boost the incomes of US farmers while fertilizer and fuel costs are soaring.
美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部現(xiàn)在大力推廣兩種農(nóng)作物一年兩熟，希望借此減少對(duì)俄烏糧食的依賴，并在化肥和燃料成本高漲的情況下，提高美國(guó)農(nóng)民收入。

Double-cropping often requires years of learning, and risks of reduced production due to rain and heat mismatch and soil moisture restrictions, making the prospects uncertain.
兩熟種植通常需要數(shù)年時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)，且雨熱不同步、土壤濕度限制等因素或?qū)е聹p產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，這些使得新種植制度的收益前景充滿不確定性。

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