國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳日前印發(fā)《關(guān)于推動(dòng)個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金發(fā)展的意見(jiàn)》。分析人士認(rèn)為，個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金制度落地將進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)多層次、多支柱養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體系建設(shè)。

China on Thursday rolled out a private pension scheme to complement the nation's current pension system in its latest effort to tackle the strains of an aging population.

《國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳關(guān)于推動(dòng)個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金發(fā)展的意見(jiàn)》4月21日公布。隨著人口老齡化的加劇，推動(dòng)個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金發(fā)展，是對(duì)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的有效補(bǔ)充。

The scheme allows Chinese citizens to contribute up to 12,000 yuan annually to individual pension accounts that would be subject to closed-end management, according to guidelines released by the State Council.

意見(jiàn)規(guī)定, 個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金實(shí)行個(gè)人賬戶制度，實(shí)行封閉運(yùn)行，每年繳納個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金的上限為12000元。

The cap would be adjusted according to social and economic development as well as how the country's pension system evolves.

未來(lái)還會(huì)根據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展水平和養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體系發(fā)展情況等因素適時(shí)調(diào)整繳費(fèi)上限。

The funds can be used to purchase financial products that are of relatively lower risk and have a longer-term investment horizon, according to the guidelines.

意見(jiàn)規(guī)定，個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金資金賬戶資金可用于購(gòu)買風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相對(duì)較低、投資期限較長(zhǎng)的金融產(chǎn)品。

Workers who currently contribute to the basic pension insurance can participate in the scheme on a voluntary basis, the guidelines said.

參加城鎮(zhèn)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)或者城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的勞動(dòng)者，可以參加個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金制度。

The government will offer tax incentives to encourage participation in the new system, the guidelines said.

國(guó)家制定稅收優(yōu)惠政策，鼓勵(lì)符合條件的人員參加個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金制度。

The scheme will be piloted in some cities for a year before it is implemented nationwide, it said.

該制度將在部分城市先試行1年。

The private pension mechanism will complement the country's current pension system consisting of the basic old-age pension, enterprise annuities as well as commercial insurance for the elderly, offering another layer of support for the aging population, analysts said.

分析人士稱，當(dāng)前我國(guó)已初步建立起包括基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)、企業(yè)(職業(yè))年金、個(gè)人商業(yè)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)體系。作為該體系的補(bǔ)充，個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金制度將為老齡化人口提供另一層次支撐。

Policymakers in China are actively taking measures to address the issues of an aging society. According to the latest census, by 2020, the number of Chinese people aged 60 or above had reached 264 million, accounting for 18.7 percent of the country's total.

中國(guó)政府正在積極采取措施應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化問(wèn)題。根據(jù)最新人口普查數(shù)據(jù)，截至2020年，中國(guó)60歲及以上人口已達(dá)2.64億，占全國(guó)人口總數(shù)的18.7%。

With such an aging population, government expenditure alone is hard to meet the rising obligations, and the development of the private pension scheme would help ease the strains, said Everbright Securities in a note.

光大證券指出，隨著我國(guó)人口老齡化問(wèn)題日趨嚴(yán)重，政府支出難以覆蓋快速增長(zhǎng)的養(yǎng)老金缺口，而個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金制度的發(fā)展將有助于緩解壓力。

證監(jiān)會(huì)（China Securities Regulatory Commission）表示，《意見(jiàn)》出臺(tái)有助于加快構(gòu)建養(yǎng)老金（pension funds）、資本市場(chǎng)（capital market）與實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)（real economy）良性互動(dòng)、協(xié)同發(fā)展的新發(fā)展格局。資本市場(chǎng)將助力養(yǎng)老金分享實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果，促進(jìn)實(shí)現(xiàn)養(yǎng)老金長(zhǎng)期保值增值，積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化（population aging）。養(yǎng)老金具有長(zhǎng)期性、規(guī)模性（are usually large in scale and long-term in investment horizon）和規(guī)范性，通過(guò)積極投資資本市場(chǎng)，養(yǎng)老金能夠?yàn)閷?shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)提供更多長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展資金（provide stable support to the real economy）。

It also said that the commission will work on the matching rules for private pensions to invest in the country's publicly-offered funds, which now run over 4 trillion yuan of pension assets.

證監(jiān)會(huì)還表示，證監(jiān)會(huì)將抓緊制定出臺(tái)個(gè)人養(yǎng)老金投資公募基金配套規(guī)則制度。目前，公募基金受托管理各類養(yǎng)老金資產(chǎn)超4萬(wàn)億元。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

公募基金 publicly-offered funds

養(yǎng)老金 pension

老齡化社會(huì) aging society

參考來(lái)源：新華社、中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)網(wǎng)

編輯：Kirsten