國務(wù)院新聞辦公室21日發(fā)表《新時(shí)代的中國青年》白皮書。全文如下：

The State Council Information Office of China on Thursday published a white paper titled "Youth of China in the New Era."
The following is the full text of the report.

　　新時(shí)代的中國青年

　?。?022年4月）

　　中華人民共和國

　　國務(wù)院新聞辦公室

Youth of China in the New Era
The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China
April 2022

　　目錄

　　前言

　　一、新時(shí)代中國青年生逢盛世、共享機(jī)遇

　?。ㄒ唬碛懈哔|(zhì)量的發(fā)展條件

　?。ǘ┇@得更多人生出彩機(jī)會(huì)

　?。ㄈ┫硎芨娴谋Ｕ现С?/p>

　　二、新時(shí)代中國青年素質(zhì)過硬、全面發(fā)展

　?。ㄒ唬├硐胄拍罡鼮閳?jiān)定

　?。ǘ┥硇乃刭|(zhì)向好向強(qiáng)

　?。ㄈ┲R(shí)素養(yǎng)不斷提升

　　（四）社會(huì)參與積極主動(dòng)

　　三、新時(shí)代中國青年勇挑重?fù)?dān)、堪當(dāng)大任

　?。ㄒ唬┰谄椒矋徫簧蠆^斗奉獻(xiàn)

　?。ǘ┰诩彪y險(xiǎn)重任務(wù)中沖鋒在前

　?。ㄈ┰诨鶎右痪€經(jīng)受磨礪

　?。ㄋ模┰趧?chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)中走在前列

　?。ㄎ澹┰谏鐣?huì)文明建設(shè)中引風(fēng)氣之先

　　四、新時(shí)代中國青年胸懷世界、展現(xiàn)擔(dān)當(dāng)

　　（一）更加開放自信地融入世界

　?。ǘ┱宫F(xiàn)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體的青春擔(dān)當(dāng)

　　（三）中國青年的全球行動(dòng)倡議

　　結(jié)束語

Contents

Preamble

I. The New Era: Great Times with Ample Opportunities

II. All-Round Development in the New Era

III. Shouldering Heavy Tasks and Responsibilities

IV. Having a Global Vision and a Strong Sense of Responsibility

Conclusion

　　前言

Preamble

　　青年是整個(gè)社會(huì)力量中最積極、最有生氣的力量，國家的希望在青年，民族的未來在青年。中國青年始終是實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的先鋒力量。

　　近代以后，中國逐步淪為半殖民地半封建社會(huì)，國家蒙辱、人民蒙難、文明蒙塵，中華民族遭受了前所未有的劫難，中國青年深切感受到日益深重的民族危機(jī)。

　　中國青年的覺醒，點(diǎn)燃了中華民族偉大復(fù)興的希望之光。五四運(yùn)動(dòng)前后，一大批率先接受新思想、新文化、新知識(shí)的有志青年在反復(fù)比較中選擇了馬克思列寧主義，促進(jìn)中國人民和中華民族實(shí)現(xiàn)了自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭以來的第一次全面覺醒。1921年7月，平均年齡僅28歲的13位代表參加中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會(huì)，宣告了中國共產(chǎn)黨誕生這一開天辟地的大事變，吹響了全民族覺醒和奮起的號(hào)角，開啟了民族復(fù)興的新紀(jì)元。在中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)于1922年成立，中國青年運(yùn)動(dòng)翻開了新的歷史篇章。

　　回首百年，無論風(fēng)云變幻、滄海桑田，中國青年愛黨、愛國、愛人民的赤誠追求始終未改，堅(jiān)定不移聽黨話、跟黨走的忠貞初心始終未變。在新民主主義革命時(shí)期，中國青年不怕犧牲、敢于斗爭，經(jīng)受了生與死的考驗(yàn)，為爭取民族獨(dú)立、人民解放沖鋒陷陣、拋灑熱血。在社會(huì)主義革命和建設(shè)時(shí)期，中國青年勇于拼搏、甘于奉獻(xiàn)，經(jīng)受了苦與樂的考驗(yàn)，在新中國的廣闊天地忘我勞動(dòng)、發(fā)憤圖強(qiáng)。在改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新時(shí)期，中國青年開拓創(chuàng)新、勇立潮頭，經(jīng)受了得與失的考驗(yàn)，為推動(dòng)中國大踏步趕上時(shí)代銳意改革、拼搏奮進(jìn)。

　　黨的十八大以來，中國特色社會(huì)主義進(jìn)入新時(shí)代。以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央高度重視青年、熱情關(guān)懷青年、充分信任青年，鮮明提出黨管青年原則，大力倡導(dǎo)青年優(yōu)先發(fā)展理念，著力發(fā)揮共青團(tuán)作為黨的助手和后備軍作用，推動(dòng)青年發(fā)展事業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)全方位進(jìn)步、取得歷史性成就。在這個(gè)偉大的新時(shí)代，中國青年展現(xiàn)了亮麗的青春風(fēng)采、迸發(fā)出豪邁的青春激情。

　　新時(shí)代中國青年剛健自信、胸懷天下、擔(dān)當(dāng)有為，衷心擁護(hù)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，奮力走在時(shí)代前列，展現(xiàn)出前所未有的昂揚(yáng)風(fēng)貌：追求遠(yuǎn)大理想，心中銘刻著對(duì)馬克思主義的崇高信仰、對(duì)共產(chǎn)主義和中國特色社會(huì)主義的堅(jiān)定信念；深植家國情懷，與國家同呼吸、與人民共命運(yùn)，時(shí)刻彰顯著鮮明的愛國主義精神氣質(zhì)；傳承奮斗擔(dān)當(dāng)，先天下之憂而憂、后天下之樂而樂，勇做走在時(shí)代前列的奮進(jìn)者、開拓者、奉獻(xiàn)者。

　　歷史清晰而深刻地昭示，沒有中國共產(chǎn)黨就沒有朝氣蓬勃的中國青年運(yùn)動(dòng)，矢志不渝跟黨走是中國青年百年奮斗的最寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn)，深深融入血脈的紅色基因是中國青年百年奮斗的最寶貴財(cái)富。

　　2021年7月1日，習(xí)近平總書記在慶祝中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年大會(huì)上深情寄語：“新時(shí)代的中國青年要以實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興為己任，增強(qiáng)做中國人的志氣、骨氣、底氣，不負(fù)時(shí)代，不負(fù)韶華，不負(fù)黨和人民的殷切期望！”

　　展望未來，民族復(fù)興大業(yè)已經(jīng)站在新的歷史起點(diǎn)、踏上新的偉大征程。新時(shí)代中國青年迎來了實(shí)現(xiàn)抱負(fù)、施展才華的難得機(jī)遇，更肩負(fù)著建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興中國夢(mèng)的時(shí)代重任。

　　中國夢(mèng)是歷史的、現(xiàn)實(shí)的，也是未來的；是廣大人民的，更是青年一代的。新時(shí)代中國青年必將以永不懈怠的精神狀態(tài)、永不停滯的前進(jìn)姿態(tài)，在接續(xù)奮斗中將中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢(mèng)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)。

　　為充分展示新時(shí)代中國青年的風(fēng)貌和擔(dān)當(dāng)，值此中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)成立100周年之際，特發(fā)布本白皮書。

Youth is the most active and vital force in society. The hopes of a country and the future of a nation lie in the hands of its young generation. Young Chinese have always played a vanguard role in the quest for national rejuvenation.

After 1840, China was gradually reduced to a semi-colonial, semi-feudal society and suffered enormous hardships. The country endured intense humiliation, the people were subjected to great pain, and China's civilization was plunged into darkness. China's youth gradually came to recognize the mounting national crisis.

The enlightenment of its youth lit a beacon of hope for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Around the May Fourth Movement in 1919, a large number of aspiring and progressive young intellectuals assumed the lead in accepting new ideas, new culture, and new knowledge. After careful consideration they chose to follow Marxism-Leninism, which led to a widespread awakening of the people and the nation for the first time since the Opium War. In July 1921, 13 delegates, of an average age of only 28, participated in the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and announced the founding of the Party, an epoch-making event that sounded the clarion call for the awakening and rise of the nation. This marked the beginning of a new era of national rejuvenation for China. Under the CPC's leadership, the Communist Youth League of China (CYLC) was established in 1922, opening a new chapter of the Chinese youth movement.

Looking back on a century of relentless change, China's youth have never wavered in their determination to love the Party, the country and the people, nor in their commitment to the original aspiration of following the instructions and guidance of the Party. During the New Democratic Revolution (1919-1949), they rose to the occasion without fear of death and fought bravely for national independence and the people's liberation. During the socialist revolution and reconstruction (1949-1978), they endured hardships and dedicated themselves to building the newly-founded country. In the new period of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, those with a talent for innovation who were open to challenges stood out and forged ahead, led reform, and ensured that China progressed with the times.

The 18th CPC National Congress held in 2012 marks the beginning of a new era in the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core attaches great importance to young people, and cares deeply about them, and fully trusts them. It is committed to the principle that the Party exercises leadership over youth, gives top priority to youth development, and ensures the CYLC plays its role to the full as an aide to the Party and a reserve force. This will enable the younger generations to develop fully and achieve historic progress. In this great new era, China's youth have shown amazing vibrancy and great passion.

Young Chinese people in the new era are confident, aspirant and responsible. They wholeheartedly support the leadership of the Party. With a global vision, they stand at the forefront of the times bursting with commitment: pursuing lofty ideals with a firm belief in Marxism, communism and socialism with Chinese characteristics; full of patriotism, sharing weal and woe with the country and the people; displaying the sterling quality of living up to responsibilities; being the first in the country to worry about the affairs of the state and the last to enjoy themselves; striving to be pioneers in, pacesetters for and contributors to the country's development.

History shows clearly that without the CPC, the Chinese youth movement would have achieved little. For China's youth, commitment to the CPC is the most valuable experience, and the revolutionary traditions passed down are the most precious wealth accumulated over the past century.

In his speech addressing a ceremony celebrating the CPC centenary on July 1, 2021, Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, emphasized that "In the new era, our young people should make it their mission to contribute to national rejuvenation and aspire to become more proud, confident, and assured in their identity as Chinese people, so that they can live up to the promise of their youth and the expectations of our times, our Party and our people."

We have stood at a new historical starting point and embarked on a new journey in achieving the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Looking ahead to the new era, China's youth are embracing precious opportunities to realize their ambitions and display their talents, as they shoulder the important responsibility of building a great modern socialist country and realizing the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.

The Chinese Dream is a dream about history, the present and the future. It is cherished by all of the people, but even more so by the young. China's youth in the new era will keep on striving with boundless energy, to turn the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation into reality.

In order to fully showcase the vigorous image and the invaluable contribution of China's youth in the new era, China is releasing this white paper on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CYLC.

　　一、新時(shí)代中國青年生逢盛世、共享機(jī)遇

I. The New Era: Great Times with Ample Opportunities

　　時(shí)代造就青年，盛世成就青年。新時(shí)代的中國繁榮發(fā)展、充滿希望，中華民族迎來了從站起來、富起來到強(qiáng)起來的偉大飛躍，實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興進(jìn)入了不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的歷史進(jìn)程。新時(shí)代中國青年生逢中華民族發(fā)展的最好時(shí)期，擁有更優(yōu)越的發(fā)展環(huán)境、更廣闊的成長空間，面臨著建功立業(yè)的難得人生際遇。

Great times make fine young people and flourishing ages nurture true talent. The Chinese nation has achieved a tremendous transformation from obtaining independence and becoming prosperous to growing in strength, and the current new era bestows prosperity and hope. China's rejuvenation has become an unstoppable process.

Living in the best times in Chinese history, the current young generation enjoys an enabling environment for development, a broad space to grow, and wonderful opportunities to make a good career.

　?。ㄒ唬碛懈哔|(zhì)量的發(fā)展條件

　　隨著中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力、科技實(shí)力、綜合國力不斷邁上新臺(tái)階、取得新跨越，新時(shí)代中國青年的發(fā)展基礎(chǔ)日益厚實(shí)，發(fā)展底氣越來越足。

　　物質(zhì)發(fā)展環(huán)境更為優(yōu)越。青年高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，物質(zhì)豐裕是基礎(chǔ)。中國創(chuàng)造了世所罕見的經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展和社會(huì)長期穩(wěn)定“兩大奇跡”，2021年國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值超過110萬億元、穩(wěn)居世界第二。超過2500萬貧困青年徹底擺脫貧困，中國青年共同邁向更高水平的小康生活。中國青年向往更有品質(zhì)的美好生活，消費(fèi)方式從大眾化邁向個(gè)性化，消費(fèi)需求從滿足生存轉(zhuǎn)向享受生活，從有衣穿到穿得時(shí)尚、穿出個(gè)性，從吃飽飯到吃得豐富、吃出健康，從能出行到快捷通暢、平穩(wěn)舒適。中國青年的生活水平實(shí)現(xiàn)了質(zhì)的躍升，高質(zhì)量發(fā)展有了更加豐盈、更為堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。

　　精神成長空間更為富足。青年高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，離不開精神生活的多姿多彩。受益于圖書館、博物館、文化館、美術(shù)館等惠及青年的公共文化設(shè)施的不斷完善①，中國青年享受的公共文化服務(wù)水平顯著提高，逐漸從“去哪兒都新鮮”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤叭ツ膬憾剂?xí)以為?！?，精神品位不斷提升。隨著圖書、電視、電影、文藝演出等傳統(tǒng)文化產(chǎn)業(yè)和數(shù)字創(chuàng)意、網(wǎng)絡(luò)視聽、數(shù)字出版、數(shù)字娛樂、線上演播等新興文化產(chǎn)業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展，青年所需所盼的公共文化產(chǎn)品日漸豐富，逐漸從“有什么看什么”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤跋肟词裁从惺裁础?，文化視野更加開闊。文化旅游、鄉(xiāng)村旅游、紅色旅游、國際旅游等各類旅游產(chǎn)品應(yīng)有盡有，青年走出去看世界的需求得到更好滿足，逐漸從“只在家門口轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤澳睦锒寄苋ス涔洹?，見識(shí)閱歷更加廣博。不斷擴(kuò)展的精神文化生活空間，為中國青年追求更有高度、更有境界、更有品位的人生提供了更多可能。

　　在與互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的相互塑造中成長。互聯(lián)網(wǎng)深刻塑造了青年，青年也深刻影響了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。2020年底，中國6歲至18歲未成年人網(wǎng)民達(dá)1.8億，未成年人互聯(lián)網(wǎng)普及率達(dá)94.9%，城鄉(xiāng)普及率差距從2018年的5.4個(gè)百分點(diǎn)縮小至0.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)代青少年不可或缺的生活方式、成長空間、“第六感官”。隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速普及，越來越多的青年便捷地獲取信息、交流思想、交友互動(dòng)、購物消費(fèi)，青年的學(xué)習(xí)、生活和工作方式發(fā)生深刻改變。在網(wǎng)絡(luò)視頻（短視頻）、網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播、網(wǎng)約車用戶中，青年都是主體。中國青年日益成為網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間主要的信息生產(chǎn)者、服務(wù)消費(fèi)者、技術(shù)推動(dòng)者，深刻影響了互聯(lián)網(wǎng)發(fā)展潮流。面對(duì)紛繁復(fù)雜的網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息，中國青年在網(wǎng)上積極弘揚(yáng)正能量、展示新風(fēng)尚，共同營造清朗網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間。

(1) Better Conditions for Development

China's economic and technological influence and composite national strength keep growing, which offers a sound foundation for China's youth to develop with increasing confidence.

Better material conditions. Affluence provides a good foundation for the young generation to develop and grow.

China has achieved two miracles - rapid economic growth and lasting social stability. In 2021, its economy ranked second in the world in size, with GDP exceeding 110 trillion yuan. As more than 25 million young people have escaped poverty, this generation can look forward to a better future of greater prosperity.

In pursuing a life of high quality, young people are changing their consumption habits from consuming mass products and services to customized ones. They are changing from buying to meet their basic needs to buying to enjoy life, from having clothing to wear to dressing fashionably, from having food to eat to eating well for good health, and from taking affordable transportation to choosing fast and comfortable vehicles. Their standard of living has seen qualitative changes and their prospects for development are supported by a solid material foundation.

Greater space for rich intellectual and cultural life. A rich and colorful intellectual and cultural life is a precondition for young people to prosper and grow.

With a growing number of libraries, museums, cultural centers, art galleries and other public cultural facilities being built,[ By the end of 2020, the number of registered museums had reached 5,788 across the country, with one new museum being opened every two days on average during the period 2016-2020.] young people now enjoy notably improved public cultural services. Instead of feeling amazed at any new place they visit, they are getting used to visiting all kinds of places, thus refining their cultural tastes. Through the buoyant growth of traditional cultural industries such as publishing, television, movies, and artistic performance, and emerging cultural sectors such as the digital creative industry, online audio and visual, digital publishing, digital entertainment and online performance and broadcasting, young people now find diverse public cultural products available to them. Instead of reading and watching whatever they could get hold of, they can read and watch whatever they would like, thus broadening their vision. As a huge variety of tourist products are created for them to choose, such as cultural tours, countryside tours, CPC heritage tours and international travel packages, their desire to travel around the world is now satisfied. Instead of affordable sightseeing trips near their homes, they can travel anywhere they wish, thus enriching their knowledge and experience. These expanding intellectual and cultural spaces offer greater possibilities for young Chinese to achieve more, set lofty goals, and refine their tastes.

Growing with the internet. The internet has profoundly shaped the current generation, and the current generation has also influenced the internet.

At the end of 2020, the number of netizens aged 6 to 18 reached 180 million in China, with the internet available to 94.9 percent of minors, and the gap in internet accessibility between cities and rural areas narrowed to 0.3 percentage point from 5.4 percentage points in 2018. The internet has become the "sixth sense" of contemporary young people and part of their lives, and offers them a space to grow.

Along with rapid popularization of the internet, more and more young people are using the internet to access information, exchange ideas, make friends, and shop, and their ways of learning, living and working are changing profoundly. Young people make up the majority of the users of short online videos, live-streaming viewers, and ride-hailing customers. As they become the main producers of information, consumers of services, and promoters of technologies related to cyberspace, they are exerting a tremendous influence on internet trends. In a complex online environment, young people are spreading positive energy and shaping new social trends in an effort to ensure a clean cyberspace.

（二）獲得更多人生出彩機(jī)會(huì)

　　國家好，青年才會(huì)好。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)快速發(fā)展，新時(shí)代中國青年獲得了更優(yōu)越的發(fā)展機(jī)遇，實(shí)現(xiàn)人生出彩的舞臺(tái)越來越寬闊。

　　教育機(jī)會(huì)更加均等。中國教育事業(yè)優(yōu)先發(fā)展不斷深化，中國青年享有更加平等、更高質(zhì)量的教育機(jī)會(huì)。2021年，中國義務(wù)教育鞏固率達(dá)95.4%；高中階段毛入學(xué)率達(dá)91.4%；高等教育毛入學(xué)率達(dá)57.8%、在學(xué)總規(guī)模達(dá)4430萬人，居世界第一，越來越多的青年打開了通往成功成才大門的重要路徑。覆蓋學(xué)前教育至研究生教育的學(xué)生資助政策體系建成且日趨完善，2020年資助資金總額超過2400億元、資助學(xué)生近1.5億人次，實(shí)現(xiàn)“三個(gè)全覆蓋”②。義務(wù)教育階段進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員隨遷子女、農(nóng)村和貧困地區(qū)學(xué)生等群體受教育權(quán)益得到充分保障。2020年，85.8%的進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員隨遷子女在公辦學(xué)校就讀或享受政府購買學(xué)位服務(wù)；2012年至2021年，農(nóng)村和貧困地區(qū)重點(diǎn)高校專項(xiàng)招生計(jì)劃定向招生超過82萬人，讓更多的青年公平享有接受更好教育的機(jī)會(huì)，阻斷貧困的代際傳遞。

　　職業(yè)選擇豐富多元。中國青年職業(yè)選擇日益市場(chǎng)化、多元化、自主化，不再只青睞傳統(tǒng)意義上的“鐵飯碗”，非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)組織和新社會(huì)組織逐漸成為青年就業(yè)的主要渠道。“非工即農(nóng)”的就業(yè)選擇一去不返，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)成為吸納青年就業(yè)的重要領(lǐng)域。2020年，第三產(chǎn)業(yè)就業(yè)占比47.7%，比十年前增長13.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。特別是近年來快速興起的新產(chǎn)業(yè)、新業(yè)態(tài)，催生了電競選手、網(wǎng)絡(luò)主播、網(wǎng)絡(luò)作家等大量新職業(yè)，集聚了快遞小哥、外賣騎手等大量靈活就業(yè)青年，涌現(xiàn)了擁有多重身份和職業(yè)、多種工作和生活方式的“斜杠青年”，充分體現(xiàn)了時(shí)代賦予青年的更多機(jī)遇、更多選擇。

　　發(fā)展流動(dòng)暢通自由。隨著社會(huì)主義市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制不斷完善，市場(chǎng)主體活力持續(xù)提升，各類要素流動(dòng)日益頻繁，青年的發(fā)展渠道更加暢通、流動(dòng)更加自由。在區(qū)域協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略深入實(shí)施大背景下，中國青年逐漸由單向的“孔雀東南飛”轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎嘞虻摹白杂呻S心飛”，在自己喜歡的城市尋找發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)，在適合自己的地區(qū)拓展成長舞臺(tái)。一批又一批農(nóng)村青年走進(jìn)城市，揮灑汗水、奮力拼搏，安家落戶、實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想。2020年，外出農(nóng)民工總數(shù)近1.7億，其中多數(shù)為青年；青年常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率達(dá)71.1%、比十年前增加15.3個(gè)百分點(diǎn)、高于整體常住人口城鎮(zhèn)化率7.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，更多青年通過城鄉(xiāng)之間的發(fā)展流動(dòng)更好融入城市生活、實(shí)現(xiàn)發(fā)展躍遷。

(2) More Opportunities to Fulfill Potential

Only when the country prospers can its young people prosper. With rapid economic and social development, young people in China in the new era have access to better opportunities for development and a growing stage on which to fulfill their potential.

Equal access to education. Young people in China enjoy more equal and higher-quality educational opportunities as the country continues giving high priority to education. In 2021, the completion rate of compulsory education in China reached 95.4 percent, the gross enrollment rate in senior secondary education reached 91.4 percent, and the gross enrollment rate in higher education reached 57.8 percent, with 44.3 million students on campus, ranking first in the world. More and more young people have stepped onto this important path to success and excellence.

The country has established and been improving the system of financial aid to students, which offers full coverage from preschool to postgraduate education. By 2020, subsidies had totaled over 240 billion yuan and assisted nearly 150 million students, achieving full coverage from preschool education, compulsory education, and senior secondary education to undergraduate and postgraduate education, across public and privately-run schools, and for all students from families with financial difficulties. The right of particular groups to receive compulsory education and their interests have been well protected, including children living in cities with their parents who are migrant workers, and students from rural and poor areas. In 2020, 85.8 percent of children living in cities with migrant worker parents studied in public schools or filled the slots purchased by the government in privately-run schools. From 2012 to 2021, more than 820,000 students from rural and poor areas were enrolled in key universities through special enrollment plans. More young people have thus been granted equal opportunities to receive better education, which prevents poverty from passing down from one generation to the next.

Diverse career options. The career choices of young people in China are increasingly diverse and market-oriented, and made, more often than not, on their own. Young people now look beyond a stable lifelong job in the traditional sense, and non-public economic entities and new social organizations are gradually becoming their main channels for employment. The options of "either workers or farmers" are a thing of the past, and the tertiary industry has become an important gathering place for the young workforce. In 2020, the tertiary industry employed 47.7 percent of those in employment across the country, up 13.1 percentage points from a decade ago. In particular, new and rapidly-rising industries and new business forms have given birth to a large number of new career options, such as esports players, live-streaming hosts, and web writers, and engaged a large number of young people in flexible employment, such as parcel and food couriers. There have emerged what they call "Slash" people with multiple titles, jobs, and ways of working and living. All these have testified to the greater range of opportunities and choices available to young people as times change.

Unimpeded mobility and more development opportunities. As the socialist market economy develops, the vitality of market players increases, and various factors of production flow more easily, young people enjoy more development opportunities and greater mobility. With the extension of the strategy for coordinated regional development, young people in China, who used to flock to economically developed southern and eastern regions of the country, have gradually diversified the target cities where they seek development opportunities and where they can fit in and thrive. Many young people from rural areas settle down and realize dreams in cities through hard work. In 2020, the number of migrant workers reached nearly 170 million and most of them were young people. Young permanent urban residents accounted for 71.1 percent of the total young population in the country, 15.3 percentage points higher than ten years ago and 7.2 percentage points higher than that of the permanent urban residents in the country's total population. More young people are making their homes in the city and leaping forward in development through urbanization.

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　　青年的發(fā)展離不開國家的堅(jiān)實(shí)保障。在社會(huì)公平正義不斷彰顯、人民發(fā)展權(quán)益得到有效維護(hù)的大背景下，新時(shí)代中國青年成長成才有了更良好的法治環(huán)境、更有力的政策支持、更可靠的社會(huì)保障、更溫暖的組織關(guān)懷。

　　法治保障不斷完善。隨著全面依法治國深入推進(jìn)，中國特色社會(huì)主義法治體系日益完善，為青年發(fā)展提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的保障。作為國家根本大法，憲法明確規(guī)定“國家培養(yǎng)青年、少年、兒童在品德、智力、體質(zhì)等方面全面發(fā)展”，為建立青年法治保障體系提供了根本遵循。青年發(fā)展涉及面廣、系統(tǒng)性強(qiáng)，需要各個(gè)領(lǐng)域齊抓共管、共同發(fā)力。民法典賦予了青年各類民事權(quán)益，教育法、義務(wù)教育法、職業(yè)教育法、高等教育法、民辦教育促進(jìn)法、家庭教育促進(jìn)法等全面構(gòu)筑了保障青年受教育權(quán)的完備法治環(huán)境，就業(yè)促進(jìn)法、勞動(dòng)法、勞動(dòng)合同法、社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)法、科學(xué)技術(shù)進(jìn)步法、人口與計(jì)劃生育法、體育法、婦女權(quán)益保障法等充分保障了青年各領(lǐng)域發(fā)展權(quán)益，刑法、未成年人保護(hù)法、預(yù)防未成年人犯罪法、反家庭暴力法等共同構(gòu)建了保護(hù)青少年合法權(quán)益的法律屏障。

　　政策保障日益完備。針對(duì)中國青年多元化發(fā)展需求，國家強(qiáng)化政策服務(wù)導(dǎo)向，健全完善政策體系。國民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展“十三五”和“十四五”規(guī)劃鮮明體現(xiàn)青年元素，科教興國、人才強(qiáng)國、創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展、鄉(xiāng)村振興、健康中國等國家重大戰(zhàn)略充分關(guān)注青年群體，青年發(fā)展得到越來越多的頂層設(shè)計(jì)支持。2017年4月，中共中央、國務(wù)院制定出臺(tái)新中國歷史上第一個(gè)國家級(jí)青年領(lǐng)域?qū)ｍ?xiàng)規(guī)劃——《中長期青年發(fā)展規(guī)劃（2016－2025年）》，為新時(shí)代中國青年發(fā)展提供根本政策指引。針對(duì)青年在畢業(yè)求職、創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)、社會(huì)融入、婚戀交友、老人贍養(yǎng)、子女教育等方面的操心事、煩心事，黨和政府高度重視，各項(xiàng)政策舉措持續(xù)出臺(tái)，青年發(fā)展型城市建設(shè)蓬勃開展，青年優(yōu)先發(fā)展理念日益深入人心。目前，從中央到地方的青年工作機(jī)制基本建成，具有中國特色的青年發(fā)展政策體系初步形成。青年充分享受政策紅利，實(shí)實(shí)在在感受到關(guān)愛就在身邊、關(guān)懷就在眼前。

　　社會(huì)保障更加健全。中國建成世界上規(guī)模最大的社會(huì)保障體系，普惠型社會(huì)保障服務(wù)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。中國青年不僅能在步入社會(huì)之初就享受到社會(huì)保障的“遮風(fēng)擋雨”，也能在拼搏奮斗時(shí)免除各種“后顧之憂”，生活得更舒心、工作得更安心、對(duì)未來更放心。政府出臺(tái)一系列支持多渠道靈活就業(yè)的政策，逐步完善靈活就業(yè)社會(huì)保障，支持青年從事靈活就業(yè)。青年住房保障力度不斷增強(qiáng)，更多大城市面向新市民、青年人加大保障性租賃住房供給，緩解青年住房難題。基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)全國統(tǒng)籌，失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)、工傷保險(xiǎn)持續(xù)向青年職業(yè)勞動(dòng)者擴(kuò)大覆蓋，青年社會(huì)保障水平不斷邁上新臺(tái)階。

　　組織保障堅(jiān)強(qiáng)有力。組織是青年成長的大熔爐，是青年發(fā)展的倍增器。作為中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的先進(jìn)青年的群團(tuán)組織，中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)始終把維護(hù)青年發(fā)展權(quán)益放在重要位置，著力推動(dòng)落實(shí)青年優(yōu)先發(fā)展理念，充分發(fā)揮組織優(yōu)勢(shì)，大力調(diào)動(dòng)社會(huì)資源，聚焦青年“急難愁盼”突出問題開展政策倡導(dǎo)，千方百計(jì)為青年解決具體困難，為廣大青年成長發(fā)展創(chuàng)造良好環(huán)境。作為中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的基本的人民團(tuán)體之一，中華全國青年聯(lián)合會(huì)始終堅(jiān)持代表和維護(hù)各族各界青年的合法權(quán)益，引導(dǎo)青年積極健康地參與社會(huì)生活，努力為青年健康成長、奮發(fā)成才服務(wù)。作為中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的中國高等學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)、研究生會(huì)和中等學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)的聯(lián)合組織，中華全國學(xué)生聯(lián)合會(huì)依法依章程表達(dá)和維護(hù)青年學(xué)生的具體利益，通過開展健康有益、豐富多彩的課外活動(dòng)和社會(huì)服務(wù)，努力為青年學(xué)生成長發(fā)展服務(wù)。

(3) More All-round Protection and Support

The development of young people calls for strong protection and support of the state. As fairness and justice in society have steadily improved and people's rights and interests have been effectively safeguarded, young people in China in the new era can grow and prosper in a better legal environment and enjoy stronger policy support, more reliable social security, and greater care from a range of organizations.

Better legal protection. With progress in the rule of law in all respects, the system of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics is steadily improving, providing strong protection for young people to develop. As the fundamental law of the country, China's Constitution clearly stipulates that "the state shall foster the all-round moral, intellectual and physical development of young adults, youths and children", which has laid a basic foundation for a legal framework to protect youth development. The youth development involves a wide range of areas and requires highly systematic, concerted efforts from all sectors. The Civil Code stipulates various civil rights and interests of young people. Laws including the Education Law, Compulsory Education Law, Vocational Education Law, Higher Education Law, Law on the Promotion of Privately-run Schools, and Family Education Promotion Law, among others, have prescribed a sound legal environment to ensure young people their right to education. Laws including the Employment Promotion Law, Labor Law, Labor Contract Law, Social Insurance Law, Law on Scientific and Technological Progress, Law on Population and Family Planning, Law on Physical Culture and Sports, and Law on the Protection of Rights and Interests of Women have effectively safeguarded the rights and interests of young people in various fields. Laws including the Criminal Law, Law on the Protection of Minors, Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency, and Anti-Domestic Violence Law have helped build a legal shield protecting the legitimate rights and interests of young people.

More considerate policy support. China has made policies and improved its policy system to cater to the diverse needs of young people in the country. Considerations for young people have been clearly embodied in the 13th and 14th Five-year Plans for National Economic and Social Development, and the needs of young people have been given particular attention when putting in place major national strategies, such as the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the strategy on developing a quality workforce, the innovation-driven development strategy, the rural revitalization strategy, and the Healthy China initiative. Increasing attention and support have been given to young people in top-level design. In April 2017, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued the Middle- and Long-term Youth Development Plan (2016-2025), the first national-level plan directed towards young people in the history of the People's Republic of China, providing fundamental policy guidance for young people in China to grow and develop in the new era. The Party and the government have paid close attention to issues of immediate concern to young people in areas including job-hunting after graduation, innovation and entrepreneurship, social integration, dating and marriage, support for the elderly, and children's education. A series of policies and measures have been introduced, and the building of youth-development-friendly cities is in full swing, with the concept of prioritizing young people growing in popularity. Now, a basic mechanism for youth work from the central level to the local level has been generally put in place, and a preliminary policy system for youth development with Chinese characteristics has taken shape. Young people have been benefiting from the policies fully and they feel that they have been taken care of and their important needs are being addressed.

Improved social security services. As China has built the largest social security system in the world and further developed inclusive social security services, young people in China are shielded by social security when they enter the workforce, and free from various worries when pursuing their dreams. They can therefore live a more comfortable life, feel more at ease at work, and have greater confidence about the future. The government has introduced a series of policies to support flexible employment through multiple channels, gradually improved the social security services for those engaged in such employment, and supported young people in taking up flexible jobs. Housing supply for young people has been increased, and more big cities have increased the supply of government-subsidized rental housing for new urban residents and young people, mitigating housing problems for young people. The country is working towards an integrated national scheme for basic old-age insurance, and will continue to expand the coverage of such insurance policies as unemployment insurance and work-related injury insurance to young working population. Young people are better protected by the social security system.

Strong institutional safeguards and support. Organizations help young people grow and develop. As a CPC-led people's organization composed of progressive young people, the CYLC has always prioritized safeguarding the rights and interests of young people, and their development opportunities. It has earnestly advocated the idea of prioritizing youth development, made full use of its organizational strengths and vigorously mobilized social resources to carry out policy advocacy on the pressing difficulties and problems that are of the greatest concern to young people. It has been doing its best to address specific problems by every means possible to create a good environment for young people to grow and develop. As one of the basic people's organizations under the leadership of the CPC, the All-China Youth Federation has always represented and safeguarded the legitimate rights and interests of young people of all ethnic groups and all sectors of society, guided them in their active and healthy participation in public activities, and worked hard to help them healthily grow and prosper. As a federative body of student unions and graduate student unions at universities and colleges and student unions at secondary schools under the leadership of the CPC, the All-China Students' Federation has voiced and safeguarded the specific interests of young students in accordance with the law and the Constitution of the Federation, and organized healthy, positive, and colorful extracurricular and community service activities to help them grow and develop.

二、新時(shí)代中國青年素質(zhì)過硬、全面發(fā)展

II. All-Round Development in the New Era

　　奮斗錘煉本領(lǐng)，磨礪增長才干。新時(shí)代中國青年積極主動(dòng)學(xué)理論、學(xué)文化、學(xué)科學(xué)、學(xué)技能，思想素養(yǎng)、身體素質(zhì)、精神品格、綜合能力不斷提升，努力成長為堪當(dāng)民族復(fù)興重任的時(shí)代新人。

Hard work builds ability, and adversity builds resilience. In the new era, China's youth actively study the theory and practice of science and other knowledge and skills, improving their physical and moral qualities and their all-round ability. They are growing into a new generation that is capable of shouldering the responsibility of national rejuvenation.

　　（一）理想信念更為堅(jiān)定

　　理想指引人生方向，信念決定事業(yè)成敗。新時(shí)代中國青年把樹立正確的理想、堅(jiān)定的信念作為立身之本，努力成長為黨、國家和人民所期盼的有志青年。

　　堅(jiān)信中國道路。中國青年通過歷史對(duì)比、國際比較、社會(huì)觀察、親身實(shí)踐，深刻領(lǐng)悟黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、領(lǐng)袖領(lǐng)航、制度優(yōu)勢(shì)、人民力量的關(guān)鍵作用。2020年有關(guān)調(diào)查顯示，絕大多數(shù)青年對(duì)中國特色社會(huì)主義道路由衷認(rèn)同，對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興充滿信心。用習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想武裝起來的中國青年，在展現(xiàn)國家發(fā)展成就的一系列生動(dòng)事例、客觀數(shù)字、親身體驗(yàn)中，深切感受到“中國速度”、“中國奇跡”、“中國之治”，做中國人的志氣、骨氣、底氣進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)，為實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興中國夢(mèng)團(tuán)結(jié)奮斗的思想基礎(chǔ)更加牢固。

　　堅(jiān)守價(jià)值追求。青年的價(jià)值取向決定了未來整個(gè)社會(huì)的價(jià)值取向。中國青年主動(dòng)“扣好人生第一?？圩印保瑥挠⑿勰７逗蜁r(shí)代楷模中感受道德風(fēng)范，積極倡導(dǎo)富強(qiáng)、民主、文明、和諧，倡導(dǎo)自由、平等、公正、法治，倡導(dǎo)愛國、敬業(yè)、誠信、友善，成為社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀的實(shí)踐者、推廣者。一大批青年優(yōu)秀人物成為全社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣，1500余名中國青年五四獎(jiǎng)?wù)芦@獎(jiǎng)?wù)咭鐣?huì)風(fēng)氣之先，各級(jí)“優(yōu)秀共青團(tuán)員”發(fā)揮先鋒模范作用，2萬余名“向上向善好青年”展現(xiàn)青春正能量。面對(duì)社會(huì)思潮的交流交融交鋒，中國青年有困惑、有迷惘，但有一條主線始終未變，就是對(duì)黨和國家的赤誠熱愛、對(duì)崇高價(jià)值理念的不懈追求。

　　堅(jiān)定文化自信。文化是一個(gè)民族的精神和靈魂，高度的文化自信是實(shí)現(xiàn)民族復(fù)興的重要基礎(chǔ)。中國青年不斷從中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化、革命文化、社會(huì)主義先進(jìn)文化中汲取養(yǎng)分，特別注重從源遠(yuǎn)流長的中華文明中獲取力量。2020年有關(guān)調(diào)查顯示，超八成受訪青年認(rèn)為“青少年國學(xué)熱”的原因是“國人開始重視傳統(tǒng)文化的內(nèi)在價(jià)值”。從熱衷“洋品牌”到“國潮”火爆盛行，從青睞“喇叭褲”到“國服”引領(lǐng)風(fēng)尚，從追捧“霹靂舞”到“只此青綠”紅遍全國，中國青年對(duì)中華民族燦爛的文明發(fā)自內(nèi)心地崇拜、從精神深處認(rèn)同，傳承中華文化基因更加自覺，民族自豪感顯著增強(qiáng)，推動(dòng)全社會(huì)形成濃厚的文化自信氛圍。

(1) Firmer in Ideals and Convictions

Ideals provide direction in life, and convictions determine the success of a cause. In the new era, young Chinese should hold lofty ideals and be firm in their convictions, which are fundamental to their success, and they should strive to become aspiring young people, living up to the expectations of the Party, the country and the people.

Confidence in the Chinese path. Through comparison with the past and the rest of the world, and through social observation and hands-on practice, young Chinese keenly understand the importance of the Party's leadership and leader's guidance, the merits of the socialist system, and the strength of the people. A youth survey conducted in 2020 demonstrated that the majority of China's youth wholeheartedly support socialism with Chinese characteristics, and are full of confidence about the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, they have learned about China's speed, the China miracle, and the governance of China through vivid examples and objective data showcasing the country's achievements, and through their own personal experience. They become prouder to be a member of the Chinese nation, and are more determined to join forces and achieve the Chinese Dream - the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

Commitment to core socialist values. The value orientation of youth will decide the values of the whole of society. Young Chinese learn morals and values from heroes and role models of our times. They proactively uphold and promote core socialist values - prosperity, democracy, civility, harmony, freedom, equality, justice, the rule of law, patriotism, dedication, good faith and amity. A large number of outstanding youth have become role models for others to emulate, including more than 1,500 youth who have been awarded the China Youth May 4th Medal, and Excellent Communist Youth League Members at various levels. More than 20,000 young people have been honored as Positive and Kind Youth for exuding positive youthful energy. Although sometimes confused by exchanges, mingling and clashes of ideas, young Chinese always love the Party and the country sincerely, and continue to pursue their lofty values and ideals.

Stronger cultural confidence. Culture is the soul of a nation, and strong cultural confidence is a vital foundation for realizing national rejuvenation. China's youth draw nutrients from the best of China's traditional culture, revolutionary culture, and advanced socialist culture, and gain strength from the time-honored Chinese civilization.

A youth survey in 2020 showed that more than 80 percent of the respondents believed that the reason for the enthusiasm for Sinology among youth and adolescents is that "Chinese citizens have begun to pay attention to the innate value of traditional culture". Young people have switched from coveting foreign brands to preferring national ones, from wearing Western attire to wearing traditional costumes, and from favoring Western dance styles to traditional Chinese ones. Young Chinese identify more and more with the splendors of Chinese civilization. They are deeply proud of the Chinese nation, and are more active in promoting traditional Chinese culture and boosting cultural confidence across society.

　?。ǘ┥硇乃刭|(zhì)向好向強(qiáng)

　　少年強(qiáng)、青年強(qiáng)則中國強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)健的體魄、陽光的心態(tài)是青年成長成才的重要前提。新時(shí)代中國青年素質(zhì)過硬，首先就體現(xiàn)在身心素質(zhì)更好更強(qiáng)，能夠經(jīng)得起風(fēng)雨、受得住磨礪、扛得住摔打。

　　身體素質(zhì)持續(xù)提升。在校園里，隨著體育課時(shí)持續(xù)增加，更多青年學(xué)生既在課堂內(nèi)“文明其精神”，也在操場(chǎng)上“野蠻其體魄”。超過3700萬名農(nóng)村義務(wù)教育學(xué)生受惠于政府開展的學(xué)生營養(yǎng)改善計(jì)劃，身體素質(zhì)得到明顯提升。2018年，14歲至19歲青年學(xué)生體質(zhì)達(dá)標(biāo)測(cè)試合格率達(dá)91.9%，優(yōu)良率持續(xù)上升。在社區(qū)中，青年積極參加各種群眾性體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，跑步、游泳、各項(xiàng)球類運(yùn)動(dòng)成為年輕人的運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)尚，體育健身場(chǎng)館“人頭攢動(dòng)”。北京冬奧會(huì)激發(fā)了中國青年的冰雪運(yùn)動(dòng)熱情，18歲至30歲青年成為參與冰雪運(yùn)動(dòng)的主力軍，參與率達(dá)37.3%，為各年齡段最高。在競技場(chǎng)上，奧運(yùn)會(huì)、亞運(yùn)會(huì)等國際賽事中始終活躍著中國青年?duì)幗饖Z銀的身影，青年健兒大力弘揚(yáng)中華體育精神和女排精神，向全世界詮釋了“更快、更高、更強(qiáng)——更團(tuán)結(jié)”的奧林匹克新格言，展示了中國青年強(qiáng)健有力的民族精神。中國青年關(guān)注體育、參與體育、享受體育，成為體育強(qiáng)國建設(shè)的積極開拓力量。

　　心理素質(zhì)自信達(dá)觀。中國青年從身邊做起、從小事做起，努力將牢固的理想信念、健康的價(jià)值認(rèn)知、堅(jiān)定的文化自信轉(zhuǎn)化為良好的社會(huì)心態(tài)。雖然在就業(yè)、教育、住房、婚戀、養(yǎng)老等領(lǐng)域還面臨不小壓力，但在黨和政府的關(guān)心關(guān)注和全社會(huì)的共同支持下，中國青年面對(duì)困難不消沉、面對(duì)壓力愈堅(jiān)韌，2021年有關(guān)調(diào)查顯示，88.0%的受訪青年認(rèn)為自己可以做“情緒的主人”。對(duì)未來發(fā)展的信心斗志、對(duì)美好生活的向往追求占據(jù)著中國青年的主流，自信達(dá)觀、積極向上是中國青年的鮮明形象。

(2) Better Physical and Mental Health

The key to China's development lies in the younger generations. A strong body and mind are important for the healthy development of young people. Chinese youth in the new era are of the highest caliber. This is first reflected in their sound physical and mental health, which sustain them in trials and tribulations.

Improved physical health. In schools, as the class hours for physical education continue to increase, students study academic courses in class, and engage in physical activities on the playground. More than 37 million rural students receiving compulsory education have benefited from the student nutrition improvement program, and their physical health has markedly improved. In 2018, 92 percent of students aged between 14 and 19 passed the physical fitness test, and the proportion of those rated good or excellent increased substantially.

In communities, young people participate actively in mass sports. Running, swimming and ball games are popular. Sport and fitness venues are crowded. The Beijing Olympic Winter Games have boosted young people's enthusiasm for winter sports in China. Youth aged 18 to 30 are the main force in winter sports, with the participation rate reaching 37.3 percent, the highest among all age groups.

In competitive sports arenas, especially in international events such as the Olympic Games and the Asian Games, Chinese youth have taken golds and silvers inspired by the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team known for its unyielding spirit, living up to the new Olympic motto "Faster, Higher, Stronger - Together". They have manifested the vigorous spirit of the Chinese nation. Chinese youth enjoy, value, and participate in sports, becoming an active force in building a country strong in sports.

Confidence and optimism. Young Chinese begin by doing small things around them, then work hard to turn their firm ideals and convictions, sound values, and strong cultural confidence into a healthy social mindset. Although they are under significant pressure in terms of employment, education, housing, dating and marriage, and often have to take care of elderly family members, yet with care and support from the Party, government and society, they rise up to the challenge.

A 2021 questionnaire on the emotions of China's young people showed that 88 percent of the respondents believed that they were capable of managing their emotions. China's mainstream youth are confident about their future, and dream of and pursue a beautiful life. Confidence, optimism and self-motivation are their salient characteristics.

　?。ㄈ┲R(shí)素養(yǎng)不斷提升

　　知識(shí)改變命運(yùn)，教育改變?nèi)松?。乘著教育事業(yè)優(yōu)先發(fā)展的東風(fēng)，新時(shí)代中國青年親眼見證、親身經(jīng)歷了教育事業(yè)取得的歷史性成就，享受了更加公平、更高質(zhì)量的教育，學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性、自覺性進(jìn)一步提高，科學(xué)文化素養(yǎng)邁上新臺(tái)階。

　　受教育水平大幅提升。在科教興國、人才強(qiáng)國等國家戰(zhàn)略支持下，億萬中國青年通過教育獲得成長成才的機(jī)會(huì)，實(shí)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)造美好生活、彰顯人生價(jià)值的愿望。2020年，新增勞動(dòng)力平均受教育年限達(dá)13.8年，比十年前提高1.1年；大學(xué)專科以上在職青年占同等文化程度就業(yè)總?cè)丝诒壤^50%，比在職青年占就業(yè)總?cè)丝诒壤呒s20個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。提高學(xué)歷層次、接受高質(zhì)量教育，依然是中國青年改變命運(yùn)、追夢(mèng)逐夢(mèng)、實(shí)現(xiàn)人生理想的主要方式。

　　熱愛學(xué)習(xí)漸成風(fēng)尚。越來越多的青年把學(xué)習(xí)作為一種生活樂趣、一種人生追求，學(xué)習(xí)提升的社會(huì)氛圍愈加濃厚。有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的青年在離開校園后選擇繼續(xù)深造、提升學(xué)歷，2020年成人本?？圃谛Ｉ^770萬人，網(wǎng)絡(luò)本?？圃谛Ｉ^840萬人。青年在職學(xué)習(xí)專業(yè)技能的熱情空前高漲，調(diào)查顯示，超過50%的社會(huì)青年參加過職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)，工作之余“充充電”、“加加油”成為越來越多青年的共同選擇。受益于網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體迅猛發(fā)展，數(shù)千萬青年通過“慕課”（大型開放式網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程）等方式選學(xué)課程、獲取知識(shí)。

(3) Stronger Intellectual Foundations

Knowledge can shape one's future and education may change one's life. As China makes headway with its education programs, the younger generations have borne witness to and benefited from the historic progress. They have received a better education on a fairer footing; their enthusiasm for learning keeps growing and their scientific and cultural achievements have flourished.

A much better education. Thanks to the strategy for invigorating China through science and education and the strategy on developing a quality workforce, hundreds of millions of young Chinese have been provided with opportunities to tap their potential and hone their talents through education. This has enabled them to create a better life and realize their value.

Take 2020 for example. The new additions to the workforce that year had an average education of 13.8 years, 1.1 years more than a decade earlier. More than 50 percent of employees with college or higher education were young people while young employees accounted for only 30 percent of the total workforce. Receiving higher and better education is still one of the best ways for young Chinese to shape their future, realize their dreams, and attain their ideals.

Learning is becoming popular. More and more young people take delight in learning and make it part of their everyday life, fostering a positive atmosphere of self-improvement through continuous learning.

A large number of young graduates pursue advanced studies after leaving school. In 2020, the number of adults receiving continuing on-campus education exceeded 7.7 million and more than 8.4 million people received online college education. Enthusiasm for on-the-job training is also very high. Surveys show that more than half of young workers have taken vocational training, choosing to add to their knowledge base after work. Thanks to the fast-growing network media, they have more study choices available: through MOOC (massive open online courses) for instance.

　?。ㄋ模┥鐣?huì)參與積極主動(dòng)

　　社會(huì)是青年成長發(fā)展的重要課堂。新時(shí)代中國青年以更加自信的態(tài)度、更加主動(dòng)的精神，適應(yīng)社會(huì)、融入社會(huì)，參與社會(huì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程，展現(xiàn)出積極的社會(huì)參與意識(shí)和能力，成為正能量的倡導(dǎo)者和踐行者。

　　有序參與政治生活。中國青年追求政治進(jìn)步，積極參與全過程人民民主實(shí)踐。共產(chǎn)主義遠(yuǎn)大理想始終激勵(lì)青年砥礪前行、奮發(fā)向上，青年加入中國共產(chǎn)黨、中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團(tuán)的意愿持續(xù)高漲。截至2021年6月，35歲及以下黨員共2367.9萬名，占黨員總數(shù)的24.9%。中國共產(chǎn)黨第十八次全國代表大會(huì)以來，每年新發(fā)展黨員中35歲及以下黨員占比均超過80%。截至2021年底，共青團(tuán)員總數(shù)達(dá)7371.5萬名。青年廣泛參與各級(jí)人大、政協(xié)，積極履職盡責(zé)、參政議政，2019年縣級(jí)人大、政協(xié)中青年代表、委員分別占10.9%、13.7%。青年踴躍參與各類民主選舉、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督，圍繞經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展重大問題建言獻(xiàn)策，針對(duì)關(guān)系青年切身利益的實(shí)際問題充分行使民主權(quán)利、廣泛開展協(xié)商、努力形成共識(shí)。

　　積極參與社會(huì)事務(wù)。近年來，越來越多的青年熱情參與公益慈善、社區(qū)服務(wù)、生態(tài)保護(hù)、文化傳播、養(yǎng)老助殘等社會(huì)事務(wù)，不僅在很多有影響力的社會(huì)組織中發(fā)揮重要作用，還組建了一批以自愿成立、自主管理、自我服務(wù)為特征的社會(huì)組織。目前，全國有7600多個(gè)共青團(tuán)指導(dǎo)的縣級(jí)志愿服務(wù)、文藝體育類青年社會(huì)組織，帶動(dòng)成立青年活動(dòng)團(tuán)體15萬余個(gè)，基本實(shí)現(xiàn)縣域全覆蓋。中國青年充分利用這些社會(huì)參與的重要渠道，在依法承接政府職能轉(zhuǎn)移、開展行業(yè)自律、滿足社會(huì)公眾多樣化服務(wù)需求、倡導(dǎo)文明健康生活方式、促進(jìn)政府與社會(huì)溝通等方面發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用，展現(xiàn)了強(qiáng)烈的參與意識(shí)和社會(huì)責(zé)任感。

(4) Active Participation in Social Activities

Society offers an important space for young people to learn and practice skills. The younger generations of the new era have actively adapted to and integrated with society with more confidence and kept pace with social progress, displaying an acute sense of participation in society and the skills required, and acting as advocates and creators of positive energy.

Participation in political activities in an orderly manner. The younger generations are actively involved in politics and in China's application of whole-process people's democracy. Inspired by the lofty ideals of communism, they work hard and forge ahead, and an increasing number of them have applied to join the CPC and CYLC organizations.

By June 2021, the CPC had nearly 24 million members under the age of 35, accounting for 25 percent of its total membership. More than 80 percent of the CPC members admitted each year since the Party's 18th National Congress in 2012 were under 35. The number of CYLC members (age range: 14-28) almost reached 74 million at the end of 2021.

A large number of young people have served as deputies to the people's congresses or as members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) committees at all levels. Through these organizations they have performed their duties and participated in the deliberation and administration of state affairs. In 2019, young people accounted for 10.9 percent of the deputies to the county-level people's congresses and 13.7 percent of the county-level CPPCC committees. Young people are active participants in democratic elections, decision-making, management and oversight, making suggestions on major issues relating to economic and social development, and exercising their democratic rights and engaging in consultation to reach agreement on issues concerning youth.

Active participation in social programs. In recent years, a growing number of young people have taken part in charity and public-welfare activities, providing services in the communities, protecting the eco-environment, conducting cultural programs, and offering elderly care and assistance to people with disabilities. While playing an important role in influential social organizations, they have also set up self-management and self-service bodies.

At present, there are more than 7,600 county-level organizations of volunteers or artistic and sports organizations for young people, which are operating under the guidance of the CYLC. With these as the driver, more than 150,000 youth organizations have been set up, covering all counties. Through such organizations, young people have played a constructive role in providing many public services on behalf of the government, enforcing industrial discipline, meeting diverse public needs for services, leading socially conscious lifestyles, and promoting communication between the public and the government. All of this displays their strong sense of participation and social responsibility.