習(xí)近平:堅(jiān)定不移走中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路 更好推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展
新華網(wǎng) 2022-02-26 13:37
原標(biāo)題:
習(xí)近平在中共中央政治局第三十七次集體學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)
堅(jiān)定不移走中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路
更好推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展
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新華社北京2月26日電 中共中央政治局2月25日下午就中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路進(jìn)行第三十七次集體學(xué)習(xí)。中共中央總書記習(xí)近平在主持學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào),尊重和保障人權(quán)是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人的不懈追求。黨的百年奮斗史,貫穿著黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民為爭(zhēng)取人權(quán)、尊重人權(quán)、保障人權(quán)、發(fā)展人權(quán)而進(jìn)行的不懈努力。我國(guó)開啟了全面建設(shè)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家、向第二個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)進(jìn)軍的新征程,我們要深刻認(rèn)識(shí)做好人權(quán)工作的重要性和緊迫性,堅(jiān)定不移走中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路,更加重視尊重和保障人權(quán),更好推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展。
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中國(guó)人權(quán)研究會(huì)秘書長(zhǎng)魯廣錦同志就這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行講解,提出了工作建議。中央政治局的同志認(rèn)真聽取了他的講解,并進(jìn)行了討論。
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習(xí)近平在主持學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)發(fā)表了重要講話。他強(qiáng)調(diào),尊重和保障人權(quán)是中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人的不懈追求。我們黨自成立之日起就高舉起“爭(zhēng)民主、爭(zhēng)人權(quán)”的旗幟,鮮明宣示了救國(guó)救民、爭(zhēng)取人權(quán)的主張。在新民主主義革命時(shí)期、社會(huì)主義革命和建設(shè)時(shí)期、改革開放和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)新時(shí)期,我們黨都牢牢把握為中國(guó)人民謀幸福、為中華民族謀復(fù)興的初心使命,領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人民取得了革命、建設(shè)、改革的偉大勝利,中國(guó)人民成為國(guó)家、社會(huì)和自己命運(yùn)的主人,中國(guó)人民的生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)和其他各項(xiàng)基本權(quán)利保障不斷向前推進(jìn)。
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習(xí)近平指出,黨的十八大以來,我們堅(jiān)持把尊重和保障人權(quán)作為治國(guó)理政的一項(xiàng)重要工作,推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)取得歷史性成就。我們實(shí)現(xiàn)了第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo),全面建成小康社會(huì),歷史性地解決了絕對(duì)貧困問題,為我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展打下了更為堅(jiān)實(shí)的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。我們不斷發(fā)展全過程人民民主,推進(jìn)人權(quán)法治保障,堅(jiān)決維護(hù)社會(huì)公平正義,人民享有更加廣泛、更加充分、更加全面的民主權(quán)利。我們推動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)更加充分、更高質(zhì)量的就業(yè),建成了世界上規(guī)模最大的教育體系、社會(huì)保障體系、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生體系,大力改善人民生活環(huán)境質(zhì)量。我們堅(jiān)持人民至上、生命至上,有力應(yīng)對(duì)新冠肺炎疫情,最大限度保護(hù)了人民生命安全和身體健康。我們?nèi)尕瀼攸h的民族政策和宗教政策,堅(jiān)持各民族一律平等,尊重群眾宗教信仰,保障各族群眾合法權(quán)益。我們深入推進(jìn)司法體制改革,加強(qiáng)平安中國(guó)、法治中國(guó)建設(shè),深入開展政法隊(duì)伍教育整頓,全面開展掃黑除惡行動(dòng),嚴(yán)厲打擊各類違法犯罪,保持社會(huì)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定,切實(shí)保護(hù)人民群眾生命財(cái)產(chǎn)安全。我國(guó)是世界上唯一持續(xù)制定和實(shí)施四期國(guó)家人權(quán)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃的主要大國(guó)。我們積極參與全球人權(quán)治理,為世界人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展作出了中國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)、提供了中國(guó)方案。
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習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào),在推進(jìn)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的實(shí)踐中,我們把馬克思主義人權(quán)觀同中國(guó)具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合、同中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合,總結(jié)我們黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)人民尊重和保障人權(quán)的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),借鑒人類優(yōu)秀文明成果,走出了一條順應(yīng)時(shí)代潮流、適合本國(guó)國(guó)情的人權(quán)發(fā)展道路。一是堅(jiān)持中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和我國(guó)社會(huì)主義制度,決定了我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)的社會(huì)主義性質(zhì),決定了我們能夠保證人民當(dāng)家作主,堅(jiān)持平等共享人權(quán),推進(jìn)各類人權(quán)全面發(fā)展,不斷實(shí)現(xiàn)好、維護(hù)好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民根本利益。二是堅(jiān)持尊重人民主體地位。人民性是中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路最顯著的特征。我們保障人民民主權(quán)利,充分激發(fā)廣大人民群眾積極性、主動(dòng)性、創(chuàng)造性,讓人民成為人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的主要參與者、促進(jìn)者、受益者,切實(shí)推動(dòng)人的全面發(fā)展、全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實(shí)質(zhì)性進(jìn)展。三是堅(jiān)持從我國(guó)實(shí)際出發(fā)。我們把人權(quán)普遍性原則同中國(guó)實(shí)際結(jié)合起來,從我國(guó)國(guó)情和人民要求出發(fā)推動(dòng)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展,確保人民依法享有廣泛充分、真實(shí)具體、有效管用的人權(quán)。四是堅(jiān)持以生存權(quán)、發(fā)展權(quán)為首要的基本人權(quán)。生存是享有一切人權(quán)的基礎(chǔ),人民幸福生活是最大的人權(quán)。我們完整、準(zhǔn)確、全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念,堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想,堅(jiān)持發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享,努力實(shí)現(xiàn)更高質(zhì)量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續(xù)、更為安全的發(fā)展,在發(fā)展中使廣大人民群眾的獲得感、幸福感、安全感更加充實(shí)、更有保障、更可持續(xù)。五是堅(jiān)持依法保障人權(quán)。我們堅(jiān)持法律面前人人平等,把尊重和保障人權(quán)貫穿立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),加快完善權(quán)利公平、機(jī)會(huì)公平、規(guī)則公平的法律制度,保障公民人身權(quán)、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)、人格權(quán),保障公民參與民主選舉、民主協(xié)商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監(jiān)督等基本政治權(quán)利,保障公民經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)、環(huán)境等各方面權(quán)利,不斷提升人權(quán)法治化保障水平。六是堅(jiān)持積極參與全球人權(quán)治理。我們弘揚(yáng)全人類共同價(jià)值,踐行真正多邊主義,積極參與包括人權(quán)在內(nèi)的全球治理體系改革和建設(shè),推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。以上6條,既是中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展的主要特征,又是我們?cè)谕七M(jìn)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)實(shí)踐中取得的寶貴經(jīng)驗(yàn),要結(jié)合新的實(shí)踐不斷堅(jiān)持好、發(fā)展好。
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習(xí)近平指出,要促進(jìn)人權(quán)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展,堅(jiān)持中國(guó)人權(quán)發(fā)展道路,順應(yīng)人民對(duì)高品質(zhì)美好生活的期待,不斷滿足人民日益增長(zhǎng)的多方面的權(quán)利需求,統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、民主法治、思想文化、公平正義、社會(huì)治理、環(huán)境保護(hù)等建設(shè),全面做好就業(yè)、收入分配、教育、社保、醫(yī)療、住房、養(yǎng)老、扶幼等各方面工作,在物質(zhì)文明、政治文明、精神文明、社會(huì)文明、生態(tài)文明協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展中全方位提升各項(xiàng)人權(quán)保障水平。
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習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào),要加強(qiáng)人權(quán)法治保障,深化法治領(lǐng)域改革,健全人權(quán)法治保障機(jī)制,實(shí)現(xiàn)尊重和保障人權(quán)在立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法全鏈條、全過程、全方位覆蓋,讓人民群眾在每一項(xiàng)法律制度、每一個(gè)執(zhí)法決定、每一宗司法案件中都感受到公平正義。要系統(tǒng)研究謀劃和解決法治領(lǐng)域人民群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的突出問題,依法公正對(duì)待人民群眾的訴求,堅(jiān)決杜絕因司法不公而造成傷害人民群眾感情、損害人民群眾權(quán)益的事情發(fā)生。對(duì)一切侵犯群眾合法權(quán)利的行為,對(duì)一切在侵犯群眾權(quán)益問題上漠然置之、不聞不問的現(xiàn)象,都必須依紀(jì)依法嚴(yán)肅查處、堅(jiān)決追責(zé)。
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習(xí)近平指出,要弘揚(yáng)正確人權(quán)觀,廣泛開展人權(quán)宣傳和知識(shí)普及,營(yíng)造尊重和保障人權(quán)的良好氛圍。要在全體人民特別是廣大青少年中開展人權(quán)知識(shí)教育,把馬克思主義人權(quán)觀、當(dāng)代中國(guó)人權(quán)觀教育納入國(guó)民教育體系。要加強(qiáng)對(duì)公職人員特別是基層公務(wù)人員的人權(quán)知識(shí)培訓(xùn)。要發(fā)揮群團(tuán)組織優(yōu)勢(shì),促進(jìn)婦女兒童、老年人、殘疾人等特定群體權(quán)益更有保障。要依托我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的生動(dòng)實(shí)踐,提煉原創(chuàng)性概念,發(fā)展我國(guó)人權(quán)學(xué)科體系、學(xué)術(shù)體系、話語體系。要加強(qiáng)人權(quán)智庫(kù)和人權(quán)研究基地建設(shè),著力培養(yǎng)一批理論扎實(shí)、學(xué)術(shù)精湛、熟悉國(guó)際規(guī)則、會(huì)講中國(guó)人權(quán)故事的高端人權(quán)專家隊(duì)伍。
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習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào),要積極推動(dòng)全球人權(quán)治理,弘揚(yáng)全人類共同價(jià)值觀,堅(jiān)持平等互信、包容互鑒、合作共贏、共同發(fā)展的理念,推動(dòng)全球人權(quán)治理朝著更加公平公正合理包容的方向發(fā)展。要積極參與聯(lián)合國(guó)人權(quán)事務(wù),廣泛同各國(guó)特別是發(fā)展中國(guó)家開展國(guó)際人權(quán)交流合作,發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用。
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習(xí)近平指出,人權(quán)是歷史的、具體的、現(xiàn)實(shí)的,不能脫離不同國(guó)家的社會(huì)政治條件和歷史文化傳統(tǒng)空談人權(quán)。評(píng)價(jià)一個(gè)國(guó)家是否有人權(quán),不能以別的國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來衡量,更不能搞雙重標(biāo)準(zhǔn),甚至把人權(quán)當(dāng)作干涉別國(guó)內(nèi)政的政治工具。要把握戰(zhàn)略主動(dòng),著力講好中國(guó)人權(quán)故事,運(yùn)用形象化、具體化的表達(dá)方式,增強(qiáng)當(dāng)代中國(guó)人權(quán)觀的吸引力、感染力、影響力。
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習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào),各級(jí)黨委(黨組)要擔(dān)負(fù)起推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的歷史責(zé)任,加強(qiáng)組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo),主動(dòng)擔(dān)當(dāng)作為,切實(shí)把國(guó)家人權(quán)行動(dòng)計(jì)劃落實(shí)好。各級(jí)干部特別是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)干部要自覺學(xué)習(xí)馬克思主義人權(quán)觀、當(dāng)代中國(guó)人權(quán)觀,提高認(rèn)識(shí),增強(qiáng)自信,主動(dòng)做好尊重和保障人權(quán)各項(xiàng)工作。各地區(qū)各部門各行業(yè)要增強(qiáng)尊重和保障人權(quán)意識(shí),形成推動(dòng)我國(guó)人權(quán)事業(yè)發(fā)展的合力。
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Xi stresses firm adherence to China's path of human rights development
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BEIJING, Feb. 26 (Xinhua) -- Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, has stressed unswerving adherence to China's path of human rights development.
Xi made the remarks while presiding over a group study session of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on Friday.
Xi called for more efforts to pay attention to, respect and safeguard human rights and better advance the development of China's human rights cause as the country has embarked on a new journey to fully build a modern socialist China.
To respect and protect human rights is a persistent pursuit of the CPC, Xi stressed.
Since the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012, the CPC has continued to make the respect for and protection of human rights an important agenda of national governance, and has prompted historic achievements in China's human rights cause, Xi said.
The problem of absolute poverty has been solved, whole-process people's democracy further developed, social equity and justice firmly safeguarded, and the world's largest education, social security and healthcare systems established, Xi said, highlighting some of the progress in human rights development.
China has effectively combated COVID-19 to protect the health and safety of the people to the greatest extent possible. China maintains that all ethnic groups are equal, respects people's religious beliefs, and safeguards the lawful rights and interests of people of all ethnic groups, Xi said.
China has ensured long-term social stability. It is the only major country in the world that has consecutively formulated and enforced four national human rights action plans. It also actively participates in global governance on human rights, Xi added.
In the practice of advancing the cause of human rights, China has blazed a path of human rights development that is consistent with the trend of the times and suits the nation's conditions, Xi stressed.
Xi noted six main features of China's development of human rights: upholding the Party's leadership, respecting the people's principal position, proceeding from national realities, upholding the rights to subsistence and development as the primary and basic human rights, safeguarding human rights in accordance with the law, and participating in global governance on human rights.
The features are also experience that should be further upheld and developed in the context of new practices, Xi said.
Xi urged further efforts to fulfill the people's expectation for high-quality and better lives, and meet their growing needs to exercise lawful rights in various aspects.
The legal protection for human rights should be strengthened to fully cover the whole process of legislation, law enforcement, administration of justice, and observance of the law, Xi stressed, adding that the miscarriage of justice, which hurts people's sentiments and interests, must be completely eradicated.
Xi urged extensive publicity and dissemination of human rights knowledge, so as to create a positive environment for respecting and protecting human rights.
Xi stressed actively promoting global governance on human rights, upholding the common values of humanity, and advancing the global governance on human rights in a fairer, more equitable, rational and inclusive direction.
Human rights cannot be detached from the context of different social, political conditions as well as history and cultural traditions in different countries, Xi said.
Whether human rights are upheld in a country cannot be judged by the criteria from others, Xi said, adding that the practices of applying double standards or using human rights issues as political tools to interfere in others' internal affairs must be opposed.