近日，丹麥播出的紀錄片《尋找自我》曝光了美國中央情報局（CIA）在上世紀60年代針對311名丹麥兒童實施人體實驗的“黑歷史”。CIA曾秘密資助一項長達數(shù)十年的人體實驗，311名兒童在不知情的情況下被用作精神分裂研究的試驗品。

A Danish radio documentary series, The Search for Myself, did not hold back in leveling claims against the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) that it had financially aided experiments on 311 Danish children in the early 1960s. A good number of them were orphans or adopted.
丹麥廣播紀錄片《尋找自我》向美國中情局提出指控，稱其在20世紀60年代初資助了一項針對311名丹麥兒童的實驗，其中很多受試者是孤兒或領(lǐng)養(yǎng)兒童。

One such victim was the documentary maker Per Wennick, who claims that he was subjected to tests with no knowledge of their background in the basement of the Municipal Hospital in Copenhagen. These tests were supposedly designed to investigate links between heredity and environmental factors in engendering schizophrenia.
紀錄片作者佩爾·溫尼克就是其中一位受害者，他聲稱自己在哥本哈根市醫(yī)院的地下室里接受了對其背景一無所知的測試。據(jù)稱這些測試旨在研究遺傳和環(huán)境因素在導(dǎo)致精神分裂癥方面的聯(lián)系。

Of particular interest in the experiment in question were the children of schizophrenic mothers. Of the 311 children in question, 207 had such mothers, while the rest, who constituted the control group, did not.
在該實驗中，主要研究目標(biāo)是母親患有精神分裂癥的孩子。在311名兒童中，有207人的母親有精神分裂，而其余人則沒有，他們構(gòu)成了對照組。

Wennick was of the latter group. As with previous experiments of such ilk, Wennick received shallow enticements without information.
溫尼克屬于后一組。與之前的類似實驗一樣，他在一無所知的情況下受到誘導(dǎo)。

He was promised something exciting at the Municipal Hospital. For the pleasure of it all, he would also get 16 kroner. He sat in a chair, had headphones placed upon him, and was subjected to statements, screams and noises designed to frighten. Electrodes were placed upon his body, his heart rate, body temperature and sweat level were measured.
溫尼克被許諾在哥本哈根市醫(yī)院做一些有意思的事情。他還會因此得到16克朗。他坐在椅子上，戴著耳機，被人用言語、尖叫和噪音嚇唬。他的身體上放置了電極，用來測量心率、體溫和出汗量。

The program Wennick participated in was almost certainly a violation of the Nuremberg Code of 1947, which stipulates that:
幾乎可以肯定，溫尼克參與的項目違反了1947年《紐倫堡法典》，該法典規(guī)定：

'The voluntary consent of the human subject is absolutely essential.'
“受試者的自愿同意絕對必要?！?/p>

Consent can only be ethically obtained where the person has the legal capacity to do so, has exercise of free power of choice, and has 'sufficient knowledge and comprehension of the elements of the subject matter involved as to enable them to make an understanding and enlightened decision'.
只有在該人具有法律行為能力、行使自由選擇權(quán)，并且“對所涉主題的要素有充分了解和理解，以使他們能夠做出清楚和明智的決定”的情況下，受試者的同意才合乎道德。

Danish Radio credited US psychologist Zarnoff A. Mednick, then a professor at the University of Michigan, with the idea behind the research project. Unable to find a suitable study group in the US, he sought out Fini Schulsinger, a Danish professor at the Municipal Hospital. Together, they established a decades-long Danish-US research collaboration on Danish soil.
丹麥廣播電臺稱，時任密歇根大學(xué)教授、美國心理學(xué)家扎諾夫·A·梅德尼克是該研究項目的幕后主腦。由于無法在美國找到合適的研究小組，他找到了哥本哈根市醫(yī)院的丹麥教授菲尼·舒爾辛格。他們在丹麥建立了長達數(shù)十年的跨國研究合作關(guān)系。

According to Wennick and the National Archives, the research project was co-financed by the US health service. Furthermore, it received funding from the Human Ecology Fund, operated on behalf of the CIA.
據(jù)溫尼克和（丹麥）國家檔案館稱，該研究項目由美國衛(wèi)生部門共同資助。此外，該項目還獲得由中情局運作的人類生態(tài)基金的資助。

來源：Independent Australia
編輯：董靜