（八）在社會建設上
8. Promoting social advancement

改革開放以后，我國人民生活顯著改善，社會治理明顯改進。同時，隨著時代發(fā)展和社會進步，人民對美好生活的向往更加強烈，對民主、法治、公平、正義、安全、環(huán)境等方面的要求日益增長。黨中央強調，人民對美好生活的向往就是我們的奮斗目標，增進民生福祉是我們堅持立黨為公、執(zhí)政為民的本質要求，讓老百姓過上好日子是我們一切工作的出發(fā)點和落腳點，補齊民生保障短板、解決好人民群眾急難愁盼問題是社會建設的緊迫任務。必須以保障和改善民生為重點加強社會建設，盡力而為、量力而行，一件事情接著一件事情辦，一年接著一年干，在幼有所育、學有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居、弱有所扶上持續(xù)用力，加強和創(chuàng)新社會治理，使人民獲得感、幸福感、安全感更加充實、更有保障、更可持續(xù)。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Chinese people have witnessed notable improvements in their living standards and in social governance. Meanwhile, in pace with the changing times and social progress, they have developed an increasingly strong desire for a better life and growing demands for democracy, rule of law, fairness, justice, security, and a better environment.

The Central Committee has stressed that satisfying the people’s aspirations for a better life is the goal of all the Party’s work; that improving the people’s wellbeing is an essential requirement in the Party’s commitment to serving the public good and governing for the people; that ensuring a better life for the people is the immutable aim of all the Party’s endeavors; and that addressing inadequacies in support for people’s basic needs and solving the most pressing difficulties of great concern to the people are urgent tasks in advancing social development.

We must, therefore, strengthen social development by laying stress on ensuring and improving people’s wellbeing. We must do everything within our capacity and keep working year by year to tackle one issue after another. In particular, we need to make steady progress in ensuring people’s access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social assistance, and we need to strengthen social governance by developing new practices, so that the people will have a more robust, solid, and sustainable sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.

黨深刻認識到，小康不小康，關鍵看老鄉(xiāng)；脫貧攻堅是全面建成小康社會的底線任務，只有打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)，才能確保全面建成小康社會、實現(xiàn)第一個百年奮斗目標；必須以更大決心、更精準思路、更有力措施，采取超常舉措，實施脫貧攻堅工程。黨堅持精準扶貧，確立不愁吃、不愁穿和義務教育、基本醫(yī)療、住房安全有保障工作目標，實行“軍令狀”式責任制，動員全黨全國全社會力量，上下同心、盡銳出戰(zhàn)，攻克堅中之堅、解決難中之難，組織實施人類歷史上規(guī)模最大、力度最強的脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)，形成偉大脫貧攻堅精神。黨的十八大以來，全國八百三十二個貧困縣全部摘帽，十二萬八千個貧困村全部出列，近一億農村貧困人口實現(xiàn)脫貧，提前十年實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國二〇三〇年可持續(xù)發(fā)展議程減貧目標，歷史性地解決了絕對貧困問題，創(chuàng)造了人類減貧史上的奇跡。
In the push to moderate prosperity, the Party was deeply aware that raising the living standards of rural residents was critical. Only by securing a victory in the ?ght against poverty, which is a fundamental task in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, could China fulfill its First Centenary Goal. Therefore, extraordinary moves were needed to advance the fight against poverty with greater resolve, more targeted approaches, and more powerful measures.

To this end, the Party introduced a strategy of targeted poverty alleviation and set the objectives of guaranteeing food and clothing needs and ensuring access to compulsory education, basic medical services, and safe housing for the impoverished rural population. It applied a responsibility system whereby heads of Party and government bodies pledged themselves to win the fight against poverty in their localities. The whole Party, the entire nation, and all sectors of society were mobilized in the most extensive and aggressive anti-poverty campaign in human history. As they tackled the most daunting challenges and surmounted the most difficult obstacles, the Chinese people forged a great spirit in the fight against poverty.

Since the 18th National Congress, 832 counties, 128,000 villages, and nearly 100 million rural residents that fell below the current poverty line have been lifted out of poverty. China has thus achieved the poverty reduction target laid out in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ten years ahead of schedule, brought about a historic resolution to the problem of absolute poverty in China, and created a miracle in the human history of poverty reduction.

二〇二〇年，面對突如其來的新冠肺炎疫情，黨中央果斷決策、沉著應對，堅持人民至上、生命至上，提出堅定信心、同舟共濟、科學防治、精準施策的總要求，開展抗擊疫情人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)，周密部署武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，舉全國之力實施規(guī)?？涨暗纳缶仍鹘K如始抓好“外防輸入、內防反彈”，堅持統(tǒng)籌疫情防控和經濟社會發(fā)展，最大限度保護了人民生命安全和身體健康，在全球率先控制住疫情、率先復工復產、率先恢復經濟社會發(fā)展，抗疫斗爭取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果，鑄就了偉大抗疫精神。
In 2020, facing the sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus epidemic, the Central Committee responded calmly and decisively, and set out the general requirements to stay confident, stand united, and adopt a science-based approach and targeted measures. With the commitment to putting the people and human life above all else, the Central Committee led the whole nation in an all-out people’s war to curb the spread of the virus. It made well-conceived plans for the battles to defend Hubei Province and its capital city Wuhan and pooled nationwide resources to save lives on an unprecedented scale. It worked to ensure constant vigilance against imported cases and domestic resurgences, coordinated the Covid-19 response with economic and social development, and thus protected the health and safety of the people to the greatest extent possible. These efforts enabled China to lead the world in getting the epidemic under control, restarting work and production, and resuming economic and social development. With this major strategic success through our response, we have forged a great spirit in the fight against Covid-19.

為了保障和改善民生，黨按照堅守底線、突出重點、完善制度、引導預期的思路，在收入分配、就業(yè)、教育、社會保障、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、住房保障等方面推出一系列重大舉措，注重加強普惠性、基礎性、兜底性民生建設，推進基本公共服務均等化。我們努力建設體現(xiàn)效率、促進公平的收入分配體系，調節(jié)過高收入，取締非法收入，增加低收入者收入，穩(wěn)步擴大中等收入群體，推動形成橄欖型分配格局，居民收入增長與經濟增長基本同步，農村居民收入增速快于城鎮(zhèn)居民。實施就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策，推動實現(xiàn)更加充分、更高質量就業(yè)。全面貫徹黨的教育方針，優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育事業(yè)，明確教育的根本任務是立德樹人，培養(yǎng)德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會主義建設者和接班人，深化教育教學改革創(chuàng)新，促進公平和提高質量，推進義務教育均衡發(fā)展和城鄉(xiāng)一體化，全面推行國家通用語言文字教育教學，規(guī)范校外培訓機構，積極發(fā)展職業(yè)教育，推動高等教育內涵式發(fā)展，推進教育強國建設，辦好人民滿意的教育。我國建成世界上規(guī)模最大的社會保障體系，十億二千萬人擁有基本養(yǎng)老保險，十三億六千萬人擁有基本醫(yī)療保險。全面推進健康中國建設，堅持預防為主的方針，深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制改革，引導醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作重心下移、資源下沉，及時推動完善重大疫情防控體制機制、健全國家公共衛(wèi)生應急管理體系，促進中醫(yī)藥傳承創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，健全遍及城鄉(xiāng)的公共衛(wèi)生服務體系。加快體育強國建設，廣泛開展全民健身活動，大力弘揚中華體育精神。加強人口發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略研究，積極應對人口老齡化，加快建設養(yǎng)老服務體系，調整優(yōu)化生育政策，促進人口長期均衡發(fā)展。注重家庭家教家風建設，保障婦女兒童權益。加快發(fā)展殘疾人事業(yè)。堅持房子是用來住的、不是用來炒的定位，加快建立多主體供給、多渠道保障、租購并舉的住房制度，加大保障房建設投入力度，城鄉(xiāng)居民住房條件明顯改善。
To ensure and improve people’s wellbeing, the Party has introduced a range of major measures concerning income distribution, employment, education, social security, healthcare, and housing support in accordance with the principles of meeting basic needs, prioritizing key areas, improving institutions, and guiding expectations. Efforts have been focused on providing inclusive public services, meeting essential needs, and ensuring basic living standards, with progress made in providing equal access to basic public services.

We have worked to develop an income distribution system that emphasizes efficiency while promoting fairness. By adjusting excessive income, prohibiting illicit income, increasing the income of low-income groups, and steadily expanding the size of the middle-income group, we have promoted the formation of an olive-shaped pattern of distribution and ensured that personal incomes generally grow in step with economic growth and that rural income grows faster than urban income. We have implemented an employment-first policy and worked to achieve fuller and higher-quality employment.

We have worked to implement the Party’s education policy in full and given priority to educational development. We have made it clear that the fundamental task of education is to foster virtue and nurture a new generation of capable young people with the moral grounding, intellectual ability, physical vigor, aesthetic sensibility, and work skills needed to join and carry on the socialist cause. We have bolstered reform and innovation in education and teaching in order to promote fair and higher-quality education. We have worked to promote balanced development and urban-rural integration in compulsory education, make education and instruction in the standard spoken and written Chinese language available across the country, and keep off-campus tutoring well-regulated. We have taken active steps to develop vocational education and worked to bring out the full potential of higher education. Through these efforts, we have strived to develop a strong education system that the people are satisfied with.

China has established the world’s largest social security system, with 1.02 billion people covered by basic old-age insurance and 1.36 billion people by basic medical insurance.

We have advanced the Healthy China Initiative across the board. Following the principle of putting prevention first, we have deepened reform of the medical and healthcare systems and shifted the focus of medical and health care down to the community level, channeling resources accordingly. We have taken prompt action to improve major epidemic prevention and control systems and mechanisms as well as the national public health emergency management system. We have worked to promote the preservation, innovation, and development of traditional Chinese medicine and strengthened the public health service system covering both urban and rural areas.

As we have stepped up our efforts to build China into a sporting nation, we have launched extensive public fitness activities and vigorously promoted China’s sporting spirit.

We have intensified research on our population development strategy. In response to population aging, we have accelerated the development of elderly care services, and we have adjusted and improved the family planning policy so as to promote balanced development of the population over the long term.

We have given greater weight to strengthening family ties, values, and traditions, and worked to better protect the rights and interests of women and children. We have acted more quickly to develop programs for people with disabilities.

Adhering to the principle that housing is for living in and not for speculation, we have moved faster to build a housing system with multiple types of suppliers and support channels that encourages both renting and buying, and increased investment in the construction of government-subsidized housing. All this has led to significant improvements in urban and rural housing conditions.

黨著眼于國家長治久安、人民安居樂業(yè)，建設更高水平的平安中國，完善社會治理體系，健全黨組織領導的自治、法治、德治相結合的城鄉(xiāng)基層治理體系，推動社會治理重心向基層下移，建設共建共治共享的社會治理制度，建設人人有責、人人盡責、人人享有的社會治理共同體。加強防災減災救災和安全生產工作，加強國家應急管理體系和能力建設。堅持和發(fā)展新時代“楓橋經驗”，堅持系統(tǒng)治理、依法治理、綜合治理、源頭治理，完善信訪制度，健全社會矛盾糾紛多元預防調處化解綜合機制，加強社會治安綜合治理，開展掃黑除惡專項斗爭，堅決懲治放縱、包庇黑惡勢力甚至充當保護傘的黨員干部，防范和打擊暴力恐怖、新型網絡犯罪、跨國犯罪。
To ensure the lasting stability of the country and a happy and comfortable life for the people, the Party has strived to advance the Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level and improve the social governance system. It has enhanced the Party organization-led urban and rural community governance system featuring a combination of self-governance, the rule of law, and the rule of virtue, and it has shifted the focus of social governance down to the community level. This has helped develop a social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and benefit sharing and fostered communities of social governance in which everyone fulfills their responsibilities and shares in the benefits.

We have bolstered disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief efforts, improved workplace safety, and strengthened our national emergency management system and capacity.

We have carried on and developed the Fengqiao model in promoting social harmony in the new era. By continuing to address issues at the source through systematic, law-based, and holistic approaches, and by refining the system for handling public complaints, we have improved integrated mechanisms for preventing, mediating, and defusing social problems. We have adopted a full range of measures to maintain law and order, launching campaigns to combat and root out organized crime, cracking down on Party officials who condoned, covered up, or even provided protection for organized crime, and taking steps to prevent and combat violence and terrorism, new types of cybercrime, and transnational crime.

黨的十八大以來，我國社會建設全面加強，人民生活全方位改善，社會治理社會化、法治化、智能化、專業(yè)化水平大幅度提升，發(fā)展了人民安居樂業(yè)、社會安定有序的良好局面，續(xù)寫了社會長期穩(wěn)定奇跡。
Since the Party’s 18th National Congress, we have promoted social advancement across the board. The people’s lives have improved in all areas, public participation in social governance is growing, and social governance is becoming smarter, more law-based, and more specialized. We have continued to develop a sound atmosphere in which people are able to live and work in peace and contentment and social stability and order prevail. As a result, China’s miracle of long-term social stability has continued.

（九）在生態(tài)文明建設上
9. Spurring ecological advancement

改革開放以后，黨日益重視生態(tài)環(huán)境保護。同時，生態(tài)文明建設仍然是一個明顯短板，資源環(huán)境約束趨緊、生態(tài)系統(tǒng)退化等問題越來越突出，特別是各類環(huán)境污染、生態(tài)破壞呈高發(fā)態(tài)勢，成為國土之傷、民生之痛。如果不抓緊扭轉生態(tài)環(huán)境惡化趨勢，必將付出極其沉重的代價。黨中央強調，生態(tài)文明建設是關乎中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的根本大計，保護生態(tài)環(huán)境就是保護生產力，改善生態(tài)環(huán)境就是發(fā)展生產力，決不以犧牲環(huán)境為代價換取一時的經濟增長。必須堅持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅持山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統(tǒng)治理，像保護眼睛一樣保護生態(tài)環(huán)境，像對待生命一樣對待生態(tài)環(huán)境，更加自覺地推進綠色發(fā)展、循環(huán)發(fā)展、低碳發(fā)展，堅持走生產發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的文明發(fā)展道路。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, the Party has paid increasingly greater attention to ecological conservation and environmental protection, a major area in which we are still falling short. China faces increasingly grave problems in the form of tightening environmental and resource constraints and ecological degradation. In particular, environmental pollution and ecological damage of various kinds are becoming increasingly commonplace, impairing our country’s development and people’s wellbeing. We will pay an extremely heavy price unless we reverse the trend of ecological and environmental deterioration as soon as possible.

The Central Committee has emphasized that ecological conservation is of vital importance for the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. To protect the environment is to protect the productive forces, and to improve the environment is to boost the productive forces. We must never sacrifice the environment in exchange for transient economic growth. We must stay true to the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, continue our holistic approach to the conservation of mountain, river, forest, farmland, lake, grassland, and desert ecosystems, and protect and cherish our natural environment as we do our own lives. We must act with greater resolve to promote green, circular, and low-carbon development, and adhere to a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems.

黨從思想、法律、體制、組織、作風上全面發(fā)力，全方位、全地域、全過程加強生態(tài)環(huán)境保護，推動劃定生態(tài)保護紅線、環(huán)境質量底線、資源利用上線，開展一系列根本性、開創(chuàng)性、長遠性工作。黨組織實施主體功能區(qū)戰(zhàn)略，建立健全自然資源資產產權制度、國土空間開發(fā)保護制度、生態(tài)文明建設目標評價考核制度和責任追究制度、生態(tài)補償制度、河湖長制、林長制、環(huán)境保護“黨政同責”和“一崗雙責”等制度，制定修訂相關法律法規(guī)。優(yōu)化國土空間開發(fā)保護格局，建立以國家公園為主體的自然保護地體系，持續(xù)開展大規(guī)模國土綠化行動，加強大江大河和重要湖泊濕地及海岸帶生態(tài)保護和系統(tǒng)治理，加大生態(tài)系統(tǒng)保護和修復力度，加強生物多樣性保護，推動形成節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境的空間格局、產業(yè)結構、生產方式、生活方式。黨領導著力打贏污染防治攻堅戰(zhàn)，深入實施大氣、水、土壤污染防治三大行動計劃，打好藍天、碧水、凈土保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，開展農村人居環(huán)境整治，全面禁止進口“洋垃圾”。開展中央生態(tài)環(huán)境保護督察，堅決查處一批破壞生態(tài)環(huán)境的重大典型案件、解決一批人民群眾反映強烈的突出環(huán)境問題。我國積極參與全球環(huán)境與氣候治理，作出力爭二〇三〇年前實現(xiàn)碳達峰、二〇六〇年前實現(xiàn)碳中和的莊嚴承諾，體現(xiàn)了負責任大國的擔當。
Through all-out efforts in the areas of theory, law, institutions, organization, and conduct, the Party has strengthened ecological conservation and environment protection in all dimensions and regions and at all times. We have promoted the enforcement of red lines for ecological conservation, set benchmarks for environmental quality, imposed caps on resource utilization, and launched a whole raft of pioneering initiatives that will have fundamental and far-reaching significance. We have worked to implement the functional zoning strategy and set up sound systems in the following areas: property rights for natural resource assets, territorial space development and protection, performance evaluation and accountability for ecological conservation, compensation for ecological conservation, designation of river, lake, and forest chiefs, assignment of equal responsibilities for environmental protection to Party committees and governments, and charging officials with environmental protection responsibilities in addition to their prescribed duties. Corresponding laws and regulations have been formulated and/or revised.

We have optimized planning for development and protection of territorial space, built a national park-based system of nature reserves, moved forward with large-scale afforestation, and better protected and improved the ecosystems of major rivers, lakes, and wetlands, and coastlines. We have redoubled efforts to preserve and restore ecosystems and protect biodiversity, and developed spatial layouts, industrial structures, and ways of production and living that help conserve resources and protect the environment.

Under the Party’s leadership, China has achieved initial success in the critical battle against pollution. Three major action plans on addressing air, water, and soil pollution have been fully implemented. We have continued working to keep our skies blue, our waters clear, and our lands pollution-free, improved rural living environments, and completely banned the importation of solid waste. We have carried out central government environmental inspections, strictly investigated and prosecuted a number of major representative cases of ecological damage, and addressed a number of environmental problems that have aroused strong public concern. China has played an active role in global environmental and climate governance, and pledged to reach peak carbon emissions before 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality before 2060, demonstrating its commitment to act as a responsible major country.

黨的十八大以來，黨中央以前所未有的力度抓生態(tài)文明建設，全黨全國推動綠色發(fā)展的自覺性和主動性顯著增強，美麗中國建設邁出重大步伐，我國生態(tài)環(huán)境保護發(fā)生歷史性、轉折性、全局性變化。
Since the Party’s 18th National Congress, the Central Committee has devoted greater efforts than ever before to ecological conservation. The whole Party and the entire nation have become more conscious and active in pursuing green development, and made significant progress in building a Beautiful China. Our environmental protection endeavors have seen sweeping, historic, and transformative changes.

（十）在國防和軍隊建設上
10. Strengthening national defense and the armed forces

改革開放以后，人民軍隊革命化現(xiàn)代化正規(guī)化水平不斷提高，國防實力日益增強，為國家改革發(fā)展穩(wěn)定提供了可靠安全保障。黨中央強調，強國必須強軍、軍強才能國安，必須建設同我國國際地位相稱、同國家安全和發(fā)展利益相適應的鞏固國防和強大人民軍隊。
Since the launch of reform and opening up, China has made constant progress in building a more revolutionary, modernized, and standardized military and enhancing its national defense capabilities. This has provided reliable security guarantees for China’s reform, development, and stability. The Central Committee has stressed that a country needs a strong military before it can truly be strong and secure. China must build fortified national defense and a strong people’s military commensurate with its international standing and its security and development interests.

黨提出新時代的強軍目標，確立新時代軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，制定到二〇二七年實現(xiàn)建軍一百年奮斗目標、到二〇三五年基本實現(xiàn)國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化、到本世紀中葉全面建成世界一流軍隊的國防和軍隊現(xiàn)代化新“三步走”戰(zhàn)略，推進政治建軍、改革強軍、科技強軍、人才強軍、依法治軍，加快軍事理論現(xiàn)代化、軍隊組織形態(tài)現(xiàn)代化、軍事人員現(xiàn)代化、武器裝備現(xiàn)代化，加快機械化信息化智能化融合發(fā)展，全面加強練兵備戰(zhàn)，堅持走中國特色強軍之路。
The Party has set objectives for strengthening the military and defined China’s military strategy for the new era. It has formulated the following three-step development strategy for modernizing national defense and the armed forces:

--achieving the centenary objectives of the People’s Liberation Army by 2027;

--basically completing the modernization of national defense and the armed forces by 2035; and

--fully transforming the armed forces into world-class forces by the mid-21st century.

The Party has worked to enhance the political loyalty of the armed forces, strengthen them through reform, science and technology, and training of competent personnel, and run them in accordance with the law. It has accelerated efforts to modernize military theory, organization, personnel, and weaponry and equipment and to integrate mechanization with the application of information and smart technologies within the military. Troop training and battle preparedness have been bolstered across the board. Through these efforts, China has adhered to its own path in building a strong military.

建設強大人民軍隊，首要的是毫不動搖堅持黨對人民軍隊絕對領導的根本原則和制度，堅持人民軍隊最高領導權和指揮權屬于黨中央和中央軍委，全面深入貫徹軍委主席負責制。有一個時期，人民軍隊黨的領導弱化問題突出，如果不徹底解決，不僅影響戰(zhàn)斗力，而且事關黨指揮槍這一重大政治原則。黨中央和中央軍委狠抓全面從嚴治軍，果斷決策整肅人民軍隊政治綱紀，在古田召開全軍政治工作會議，對新時代政治建軍作出部署，恢復和發(fā)揚我黨我軍光榮傳統(tǒng)和優(yōu)良作風，以整風精神推進政治整訓，全面加強軍隊黨的領導和黨的建設，深入推進軍隊黨風廉政建設和反腐敗斗爭，堅決查處郭伯雄、徐才厚、房峰輝、張陽等嚴重違紀違法案件并徹底肅清其流毒影響，推動人民軍隊政治生態(tài)根本好轉。
To build strong people’s armed forces, it is of paramount importance to uphold the fundamental principle and system of absolute Party leadership over the military, to ensure that supreme leadership and command authority rest with the Party Central Committee and the Central Military Commission (CMC), and to fully enforce the system of the CMC chairman assuming overall responsibility.

For a period of time, the Party’s leadership over the military was obviously lacking. If this problem had not been completely solved, it would not only have diminished the military’s combat capacity, but also undermined the key political principle that the Party commands the gun. Setting their sights on this problem, the Central Committee and the CMC have worked vigorously to govern the military with strict discipline in every respect and made resolute decisions to enforce political discipline within the military. At the conference on military political work in 2014 in Gutian, Fujian Province, a plan was unveiled for enhancing the political loyalty of the armed forces in the new era, restoring and carrying on the proud traditions and fine conduct of the Party and the military, and improving political work through rectification. An all-around push was made to strengthen the Party’s leadership and Party building, improve Party conduct, build integrity, and fight corruption in the military. Grave violations of Party discipline and state laws including those involving Guo Boxiong, Xu Caihou, Fang Fenghui, and Zhang Yang were thoroughly investigated and punished, and their negative influence was completely eliminated. With this, the political environment in the people’s armed forces has made a fundamental turn for the better.

黨提出改革強軍戰(zhàn)略，領導開展新中國成立以來最為廣泛、最為深刻的國防和軍隊改革，重構人民軍隊領導指揮體制、現(xiàn)代軍事力量體系、軍事政策制度，裁減現(xiàn)役員額三十萬，形成了軍委管總、戰(zhàn)區(qū)主戰(zhàn)、軍種主建新格局。面對世界新軍事革命，我們實施科技強軍戰(zhàn)略，建設創(chuàng)新型人民軍隊，建設強大的現(xiàn)代化后勤，國防科技和武器裝備建設取得重大進展。實施人才強軍戰(zhàn)略，確立新時代軍事教育方針，明確軍隊好干部標準，推動構建三位一體新型軍事人才培養(yǎng)體系，培養(yǎng)有靈魂、有本事、有血性、有品德的新時代革命軍人，鍛造具有鐵一般信仰、鐵一般信念、鐵一般紀律、鐵一般擔當?shù)倪^硬部隊。貫徹依法治軍戰(zhàn)略，構建中國特色軍事法治體系，加快治軍方式根本性轉變。推進軍人榮譽體系建設。
The Party has set forth the strategy of strengthening the armed forces through reform, and led efforts to conduct the most extensive and profound reform of national defense and the armed forces since the founding of the People’s Republic. It has reshaped the leadership and command system of the military, its system of modern military forces, and its system of military policies. The number of active service personnel has been cut by 300,000. A new military structure has been established with the CMC exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities.

In response to the new global military revolution, we have implemented the strategy of strengthening the armed forces through science and technology. We have made our people’s military more innovative, established a robust modern logistics system, and achieved major progress in developing weapons and equipment and national defense-related science and technology.

We have implemented the strategy of strengthening the armed forces by training competent personnel, established military education policies for the new era, and specified a set of criteria for good military officers. We have worked to develop a new type of military personnel training system consisting of military academies, military training, and military vocational education to train revolutionary officers and soldiers in the new era with faith, ability, courage, and integrity, and to build highly capable forces with ironclad convictions, beliefs, discipline, and sense of duty.

We have implemented the strategy of running the armed forces in accordance with the law, built a Chinese system for law-based administration of military affairs, and expedited fundamental transformations in the way our military is run. We have advanced the development of the military honors system.

黨提出新時代人民軍隊使命任務，創(chuàng)新軍事戰(zhàn)略指導，調整優(yōu)化軍事戰(zhàn)略布局，強化人民軍隊塑造態(tài)勢、管控危機、遏制戰(zhàn)爭、打贏戰(zhàn)爭的戰(zhàn)略功能。人民軍隊緊緊扭住戰(zhàn)斗力這個唯一的根本的標準，扭住能打仗、打勝仗這個根本指向，壯大戰(zhàn)略力量和新域新質作戰(zhàn)力量，加強聯(lián)合作戰(zhàn)指揮體系和能力建設，大力糾治“和平積弊”，大抓實戰(zhàn)化軍事訓練，建設強大穩(wěn)固的現(xiàn)代邊?？辗?，堅定靈活開展軍事斗爭，有效應對外部軍事挑釁，震懾“臺獨”分裂行徑，遂行邊防斗爭、海上維權、反恐維穩(wěn)、搶險救災、抗擊疫情、維和護航、人道主義救援和國際軍事合作等重大任務。
The Party has set the missions and tasks for the armed forces in the new era. It has created new methods for providing military strategic guidance, improved the military strategic layout, and strengthened the armed forces’ strategic functions in shaping our military posture, managing crises, and deterring and winning wars. Devoting intense focus to combat effectiveness as the sole criterion that matters most and to their fundamental purpose of being able to fight and win, the people’s armed forces have strengthened their strategic forces and new-domain forces with new combat capabilities, and they have improved command systems and capacity for joint operations. They have worked hard to address “peacetime ills,” vigorously strengthened training under combat conditions, and built strong, well-structured, and modern border defense, coastal defense, and air defense systems. The armed forces have remained committed to carrying out military struggles in a flexible manner to counter military provocations by external forces, and they have created a strong deterrent against separatist activities seeking “Taiwan independence.” They have conducted major operations related to border defense, protecting China’s maritime rights, countering terrorism and maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, fighting Covid-19, peacekeeping and escort services, humanitarian assistance, and international military cooperation.

黨的十八大以來，在黨的堅強領導下，人民軍隊實現(xiàn)整體性革命性重塑、重整行裝再出發(fā)，國防實力和經濟實力同步提升，一體化國家戰(zhàn)略體系和能力加快構建，建立健全退役軍人管理保障體制，國防動員更加高效，軍政軍民團結更加鞏固。人民軍隊堅決履行新時代使命任務，以頑強斗爭精神和實際行動捍衛(wèi)了國家主權、安全、發(fā)展利益。
Since the Party’s 18th National Congress, the people’s military has been through an all-around revolutionary restructuring under the firm leadership of the Party in preparation for the next stage, while our defense capabilities have grown in step with our economic strength. Integration of national strategic systems and capabilities has accelerated, sound administrative and support systems for ex-service members have been established, defense mobilization has become more efficient, and greater unity has been cultivated between the military and the government and between the military and civilians. Firmly carrying out the missions of the new era, the people’s military has taken concrete actions to safeguard our national sovereignty, security, and development interests with an indomitable fighting spirit.