中共中央、國務(wù)院印發(fā)的《關(guān)于完整準確全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念做好碳達峰碳中和工作的意見》10月24日發(fā)布。

以下為意見雙語全文：

中共中央　國務(wù)院關(guān)于完整準確全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念做好碳達峰碳中和工作的意見
WORKING GUIDANCE FOR CARBON DIOXIDE PEAKING AND CARBON NEUTRALITY IN FULL AND FAITHFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NEW DEVELOPMENT PHILOSOPHY

（2021年9月22日）
Sept 22, 2021

實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和，是以習近平同志為核心的黨中央統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際兩個大局作出的重大戰(zhàn)略決策，是著力解決資源環(huán)境約束突出問題、實現(xiàn)中華民族永續(xù)發(fā)展的必然選擇，是構(gòu)建人類命運共同體的莊嚴承諾。為完整、準確、全面貫徹新發(fā)展理念，做好碳達峰、碳中和工作，現(xiàn)提出如下意見。
To peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality is a major strategic decision taken by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in light of both domestic and international imperatives. This is the natural choice for China to address acute resource and environmental constraints and achieve sustained development of the Chinese nation, and constitutes China’s solemn commitment to building a shared future for mankind. In full and faithful implementation of the new development philosophy, the work on carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality should be guided by the following:

一、總體要求
I. GENERAL GUIDANCE

（一）指導思想。以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，全面貫徹黨的十九大和十九屆二中、三中、四中、五中全會精神，深入貫徹習近平生態(tài)文明思想，立足新發(fā)展階段，貫徹新發(fā)展理念，構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，堅持系統(tǒng)觀念，處理好發(fā)展和減排、整體和局部、短期和中長期的關(guān)系，把碳達峰、碳中和納入經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展全局，以經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展全面綠色轉(zhuǎn)型為引領(lǐng)，以能源綠色低碳發(fā)展為關(guān)鍵，加快形成節(jié)約資源和保護環(huán)境的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)方式、生活方式、空間格局，堅定不移走生態(tài)優(yōu)先、綠色低碳的高質(zhì)量發(fā)展道路，確保如期實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和。
1．Guiding Principles
We must follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, fully implement the guiding principles from the 19th CPC National Congress and the second through fifth plenary sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee, and thoroughly apply Xi Jinping’s thought on ecological civilization. We need to ground our work in the new stage of development, apply the new development philosophy, and foster a new pattern of development. Through the application of systematic thinking, we will strike a balance between development and emissions reduction, between overall and local imperatives, and between short-term and longer-term considerations. Endeavors to peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality must be incorporated into the overall economic and social development framework. In this way, we aim to effect a comprehensive green transformation in respect of economic and social development, with a special focus on the development of green and low-carbon energy, with a view to expediting the development of industrial structures, production modes, living patterns, and spatial zones that will conserve resources and protect the environment. We are firmly committed to a green, low-carbon and high-quality development path that gives primacy to ecological civilization. This will ensure that the carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality goals are achieved as planned.

（二）工作原則

實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和目標，要堅持“全國統(tǒng)籌、節(jié)約優(yōu)先、雙輪驅(qū)動、內(nèi)外暢通、防范風險”原則。
2．Working Guidelines
To achieve the objectives for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality, we must follow the principles of exercising nationwide planning, prioritizing conservation, leveraging the strengths of the government and the market, coordinating efforts on the domestic and international fronts, and guarding against risks.

——全國統(tǒng)籌。全國一盤棋，強化頂層設(shè)計，發(fā)揮制度優(yōu)勢，實行黨政同責，壓實各方責任。根據(jù)各地實際分類施策，鼓勵主動作為、率先達峰。
? Exercising nationwide planning. Taking a whole-of-nation approach, we will strengthen top-level design, leverage institutional strengths, hold both CPC committees and governments responsible, and ensure responsibilities are fulfilled by all parties. Policies will be implemented on a categorized basis in light of local circumstance in order to encourage local authorities to act on their own initiative and take the lead in peaking carbon dioxide emissions.

——節(jié)約優(yōu)先。把節(jié)約能源資源放在首位，實行全面節(jié)約戰(zhàn)略，持續(xù)降低單位產(chǎn)出能源資源消耗和碳排放，提高投入產(chǎn)出效率，倡導簡約適度、綠色低碳生活方式，從源頭和入口形成有效的碳排放控制閥門。
? Prioritizing conservation. To give first priority to the conservation of energy and resources, we need to introduce a comprehensive conservation strategy. We will continue to reduce energy and resource consumption and carbon emissions per unit of output, improve resource input-output efficiency, advocate simple, moderate, green and low-carbon living patterns, and effectively control carbon emissions at their source and point of entry.

——雙輪驅(qū)動。政府和市場兩手發(fā)力，構(gòu)建新型舉國體制，強化科技和制度創(chuàng)新，加快綠色低碳科技革命。深化能源和相關(guān)領(lǐng)域改革，發(fā)揮市場機制作用，形成有效激勵約束機制。
? Leveraging the strengths of the government and the market. Both the government and the market have an important role to play. We need to establish a new system for mobilizing the nation to boost technological and institutional innovation and accelerate the revolution in green and low-carbon technology. We will deepen reform in energy and related fields, give full play to the role of market mechanisms, and create effective incentive and restraint mechanisms.

——內(nèi)外暢通。立足國情實際，統(tǒng)籌國內(nèi)國際能源資源，推廣先進綠色低碳技術(shù)和經(jīng)驗。統(tǒng)籌做好應(yīng)對氣候變化對外斗爭與合作，不斷增強國際影響力和話語權(quán)，堅決維護我國發(fā)展權(quán)益。
? Coordinating efforts on the domestic and international fronts. Based on China’s national context, we will coordinate planning for domestic and international energy and resources and promote advanced green and low-carbon technologies and practices. In the international response to climate change, we need to be prepared to both stand our ground and engage in cooperation, continue to increase China’s influence and voice on the world stage, and resolutely safeguard our development rights and interests.

——防范風險。處理好減污降碳和能源安全、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈安全、糧食安全、群眾正常生活的關(guān)系，有效應(yīng)對綠色低碳轉(zhuǎn)型可能伴隨的經(jīng)濟、金融、社會風險，防止過度反應(yīng)，確保安全降碳。
? Guarding against risks. The efforts to reduce pollution and carbon emissions must be balanced with the need to ensure the security of energy, industrial chains, supply chains, and food, as well as normal daily life. We need to respond appropriately to any economic, financial, and social risks that may arise during the green and low-carbon transformation to prevent any excessive response and ensure carbon emissions are reduced in a safe and secure way.

二、主要目標
II. MAIN OBJECTIVES

到2025年，綠色低碳循環(huán)發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟體系初步形成，重點行業(yè)能源利用效率大幅提升。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗比2020年下降13.5%；單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放比2020年下降18%；非化石能源消費比重達到20%左右；森林覆蓋率達到24.1%，森林蓄積量達到180億立方米，為實現(xiàn)碳達峰、碳中和奠定堅實基礎(chǔ)。
By 2025, China will have created an initial framework for a green, low-carbon and circular economy and greatly improved the energy efficiency of key industries. Energy consumption per unit of GDP will be lowered by 13.5% from the 2020 level; carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per unit of GDP will be lowered by 18% from the 2020 level; the share of non-fossil energy consumption will have reached around 20%; the forest coverage rate will have reached 24.1%, and the forest stock volume will have risen to 18 billion cubic meters. All the above will lay a solid foundation for carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality.

到2030年，經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展全面綠色轉(zhuǎn)型取得顯著成效，重點耗能行業(yè)能源利用效率達到國際先進水平。單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗大幅下降；單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放比2005年下降65%以上；非化石能源消費比重達到25%左右，風電、太陽能發(fā)電總裝機容量達到12億千瓦以上；森林覆蓋率達到25%左右，森林蓄積量達到190億立方米，二氧化碳排放量達到峰值并實現(xiàn)穩(wěn)中有降。
By 2030, China will see significant accomplishments from the comprehensive green transformation in economic and social development, with energy efficiency in key energy-consuming industries reaching advanced international levels. Energy consumption per unit of GDP will have declined significantly; CO2 emissions per unit of GDP will have dropped by more than 65% compared with the 2005 level; the share of non-fossil energy consumption will have reached around 25%, with the total installed capacity of wind power and solar power reaching over 1200 gigawatts; the forest coverage rate will have reached about 25%, and the forest stock volume will have reached 19 billion cubic meters. CO2 emissions will reach peak and stabilization and then decline.

到2060年，綠色低碳循環(huán)發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟體系和清潔低碳安全高效的能源體系全面建立，能源利用效率達到國際先進水平，非化石能源消費比重達到80%以上，碳中和目標順利實現(xiàn)，生態(tài)文明建設(shè)取得豐碩成果，開創(chuàng)人與自然和諧共生新境界。
By 2060, China will have fully established a green, low-carbon and circular economy and a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system. Energy efficiency will be at the advanced international level, and the share of non-fossil energy consumption will be over 80%. China will be carbon neutral, and it will have achieved fruitful results in ecological civilization and reached a new level of harmony between humanity and nature.