9月23日是農(nóng)歷秋分，也是第四個(gè)“中國(guó)農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)”。

A series of events ranging from art performances and farmers' sports meetings to calligraphy and painting exhibitions are being held across the country to mark the fourth Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on Thursday.
全國(guó)各地組織藝術(shù)表演、農(nóng)民運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)以及書(shū)畫展等一系列活動(dòng)慶祝第四個(gè)“中國(guó)農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)”。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

經(jīng)黨中央批準(zhǔn)、國(guó)務(wù)院批復(fù)，自2018年起我國(guó)將每年農(nóng)歷秋分設(shè)立為“中國(guó)農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)”（Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival），這是第一個(gè)專為農(nóng)民設(shè)立的節(jié)日。

為何將“中國(guó)農(nóng)民豐收節(jié)”設(shè)立在秋分（autumn equinox）？

從節(jié)氣上看，春種秋收，春華秋實(shí)，秋分時(shí)節(jié)碩果累累，最能體現(xiàn)豐收（it's the best time to celebrate the harvest）。

從區(qū)域上看，我國(guó)地域遼闊、物產(chǎn)豐富，各地收獲的時(shí)節(jié)有所不同，但多數(shù)地方都在秋季（Although climates and crops differ in various parts of China, most crops mature in autumn），秋收作物是大頭。

從民俗上看，我們國(guó)家有十幾個(gè)少數(shù)民族有慶祝豐收的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日（ethnic groups in China have their own festivals at harvest time），大多都在下半年。在國(guó)家層面設(shè)立一個(gè)各民族共同參與、共慶豐收的節(jié)日，有利于促進(jìn)中華民族大家庭的和睦團(tuán)結(jié)和發(fā)展（to enhance harmony and development of the Chinese nation）。

山西運(yùn)城

The city government said its celebrations include a livestreaming session aimed at promoting local farm produce and an exhibition of fertilizers, high-yield seeds and other agricultural materials.
當(dāng)?shù)卣硎?，今年的慶?；顒?dòng)包括推廣當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)產(chǎn)品的直播活動(dòng)，以及肥料、高產(chǎn)良種和其他農(nóng)資產(chǎn)品展覽。

黑龍江黑河

The festivities were combined with local traditions of the ethnic Daur people－such as dancing around bonfires－in a bid to boost local tourism.
豐收節(jié)慶?；顒?dòng)與當(dāng)?shù)剡_(dá)斡爾族傳統(tǒng)活動(dòng)結(jié)合，舉辦篝火晚會(huì)等活動(dòng)，以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)芈糜螛I(yè)發(fā)展。

今年秋糧豐收的基本面仍然較好

Figures from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs showed the autumn grain growing area is about 86 million hectares this year and is bracing for a bumper harvest.
農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，今年我國(guó)秋糧種植面積約為8600萬(wàn)公頃，將迎來(lái)豐收。

To ensure a bumper harvest, the central government allocated 20 billion yuan in subsidies to farmers amid a hike in the prices of seeds and fertilizers in spring.
為確保糧食豐收，中央政府劃撥200億元農(nóng)業(yè)補(bǔ)貼幫助農(nóng)民應(yīng)對(duì)春季化肥和種子價(jià)格上漲。

Central and local authorities also spent 3 billion yuan on the control of wheat pests and diseases to secure grain production and managed to cap the damage rate below 5 percent.
中央和地方政府還劃撥30億元用于農(nóng)作物病蟲(chóng)害防治，以保證糧食生產(chǎn)，并將農(nóng)作物毀損率控制在5%以下。

【單詞講解】

Cap這個(gè)詞大家都認(rèn)識(shí)，本意是“帽子”，尤指那種帶帽舌的帽子，比如baseball cap（棒球帽）。在這里，cap作為動(dòng)詞使用，表示“對(duì)...進(jìn)行限制”，相當(dāng)于set a limit on/put a ceiling/impose a cap on，比如，Their salary was capped at 10,000 yuan per month./The management team put a salary cap of 10,000 yuan on them.（他們的月薪不能超過(guò)1萬(wàn)元。）而且這里的限制一般都指“上限”，因?yàn)閏eiling和cap都在我們的頭頂，在某件事上加了個(gè)天花板或者帽子，其實(shí)就是相當(dāng)于“給某事設(shè)了一個(gè)上限”。

In recent years, central authorities have also been ramping up construction of "high-standard farmland" for large mechanical farming.
近年來(lái)，中央政府部門還大力推進(jìn)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)，用于大規(guī)模機(jī)械化耕種。

Such grain growing areas had reached 53.3 million hectares as of last year and will surpass 80 million hectares by 2030. They will increase yields by 10 to 20 percent and cut costs by 7,500 yuan a hectare.
去年，高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田種植面積已經(jīng)達(dá)到5330萬(wàn)公頃，到2030年將超過(guò)8000萬(wàn)公頃。此類農(nóng)田每公頃產(chǎn)量將增加10%到20%、成本下降7500元。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

“三農(nóng)”問(wèn)題（農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村農(nóng)民問(wèn)題）
issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people

鄉(xiāng)村治理體系
rural governance model

產(chǎn)業(yè)興旺、生態(tài)宜居、鄉(xiāng)風(fēng)文明、治理有效、生活富裕
to build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity

農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村現(xiàn)代化
modernization of agriculture and rural areas

鄉(xiāng)村振興
rural vitalization

參考來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）