日前，國務(wù)院教育督導(dǎo)委員會印發(fā)《教育督導(dǎo)問責(zé)辦法》，自9月1日起正式施行。

This is China's first guideline on education inspection and accountability which aims to ensure the country's educational laws, regulations, guidelines and policies can be properly implemented at the grassroots.
這是我國首個(gè)教育督導(dǎo)問責(zé)指導(dǎo)意見，旨在確保我國的教育法規(guī)、指導(dǎo)意見和政策在基層能夠妥善執(zhí)行。

【詞匯講解】

這里的accountability就是“問責(zé)”，也可以理解為“責(zé)任制”，《劍橋英語詞典》的解釋為“a situation in which someone is responsible for things that happen and can give a satisfactory reason for them”（有人能為發(fā)生的事情負(fù)責(zé)并給出一個(gè)令人滿意的解釋），這個(gè)詞來源于accountable，常見的搭配是hold someone accountable（讓某人承擔(dān)責(zé)任），比如：He knew he would be held accountable for any flaws in the programming.（他知道自己要為程序中出現(xiàn)的所有失誤負(fù)責(zé)）。

問誰的責(zé)？

Local governments, related departments, schools and other educational institutions, as well as related staff members, shall be held accountable for activities that hamper the development of education, it said.
辦法明確，地方政府及有關(guān)職能部門、各類學(xué)校和其他教育機(jī)構(gòu)以及有關(guān)工作人員如存在阻礙教育發(fā)展的問題，按規(guī)定進(jìn)行問責(zé)。

問什么責(zé)？

The guideline categorizes those activities into six types: lack of resolve and commitment in implementing national education policies, poor fulfillment of educational responsibilities, delay in completion of education tasks, irregularities in running educational institutions, major decreases in education quality and multiple safety concerns or opposition to education inspection.
辦法明確的問責(zé)內(nèi)容主要包括六類情形：一是貫徹落實(shí)國家教育政策不堅(jiān)決不徹底。二是履行教育職責(zé)不到位。三是教育攻堅(jiān)任務(wù)完成嚴(yán)重滯后。四是辦學(xué)行為不規(guī)范。五是教育教學(xué)質(zhì)量下降。六是安全問題較多或拒不接受教育督導(dǎo)。

怎么問責(zé)？

Higher-level government inspection offices can hold lower-level governments and public schools accountable through public criticism, having talks and administrative punishment.
上級政府督導(dǎo)辦公室針對下級政府及公辦學(xué)校，主要采取公開批評、約談、行政處罰等問責(zé)方式。

The main administrators of lower governments and public schools can be held accountable through having talks, name and shame, administrative punishment, or being handed over to law enforcement authorities and supervisory commissions, it said.
針對下級政府及公辦學(xué)校的責(zé)任人，主要采取約談、通報(bào)批評、組織處理、移交監(jiān)察機(jī)關(guān)或司法機(jī)關(guān)等問責(zé)方式。

In addition to those punishments, private schools and tutoring institutions can be fined, ordered to stop student enrollment, and have their operating permits and business licenses revoked.
此外，針對民辦學(xué)校和教育培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)責(zé)任人，還可采取依法罰沒違法所得、責(zé)令停止招生，以及吊銷從業(yè)許可證等問責(zé)方式。

2020年督導(dǎo)任務(wù)主要關(guān)注“義務(wù)教育教師平均工資收入不低于當(dāng)?shù)毓珓?wù)員”目標(biāo)。

China has ensured that the salaries of public primary and middle school teachers are not lower than those of local government officials in the same region, the Ministry of Education said on Wednesday.
教育部9月1日表示，全國已落實(shí)“義務(wù)教育教師平均工資收入水平不低于當(dāng)?shù)毓珓?wù)員平均工資收入水平”目標(biāo)。

國務(wù)院教育督導(dǎo)委員會辦公室主任、教育部教育督導(dǎo)局局長田祖蔭介紹，

All local governments are working on establishing a mechanism for adjusting the salaries of teachers in primary and middle schools in line with those of government officials.
各地政府正在建立義務(wù)教育教師工資收入隨當(dāng)?shù)毓珓?wù)員待遇調(diào)整的聯(lián)動機(jī)制。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

“雙減” （減輕義務(wù)教育階段學(xué)生作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)和校外培訓(xùn)負(fù)擔(dān)）
ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for students undergoing compulsory education

高質(zhì)量教育體系
high-quality education system

教育公平
education equality

義務(wù)教育質(zhì)量評價(jià)
evaluation of compulsory education quality

為黨育人、為國育才
cultivate talent for the Party and the State

參考來源：中國日報(bào)、新華網(wǎng)

（中國日報(bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen）