針對近期發(fā)生的楊倩、陳夢、全紅嬋等奧運健兒姓名被申請注冊商標事宜，8月19日，國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局發(fā)布通告，依法駁回相關(guān)商標注冊申請。

The National Intellectual Property Administration rejected 109 applications for trademark registration using names of Olympic athletes on Thursday in a bid to protect the name rights of public figures.
國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局8月19日依法駁回109件使用奧運健兒姓名的商標注冊申請，以強化對公眾人物姓名的保護。

【知識點】

《中華人民共和國商標法》規(guī)定：

任何能夠?qū)⒆匀蝗恕⒎ㄈ嘶蛘咂渌M織的商品與他人的商品區(qū)別開的標志，包括文字、圖形、字母、數(shù)字、三維標志、顏色組合和聲音等，以及上述要素的組合，均可以作為商標申請注冊。
Any signs, including words, graphs, letters, numerals, three-dimensional symbols, color combinations, sound or any combination thereof, that are capable of distinguishing the goods of a natural person, legal person or other organizations from those of others may be applied for registration as trademarks.

申請注冊的商標，應當有顯著特征，便于識別，并不得與他人在先取得的合法權(quán)利相沖突。
A trademark submitted for registration shall bear noticeable characteristics and be readily distinguishable, and it may not conflict with the legitimate rights obtained by others earlier.

今年3月，國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局印發(fā)的《打擊商標惡意搶注行為專項行動方案》，重點打擊商標惡意搶注（malicious trademark registrations）、圖謀不當利益（profiteering），擾亂商標注冊管理秩序（disrupt order of trademark registration management），造成較大不良社會影響的行為，其中包括“惡意搶注具有較高知名度的公眾人物姓名、知名作品或者角色名稱”。

國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局發(fā)布的通告指出：

Some enterprises attempted to maliciously use the names of Olympic players to apply for trademarks.
個別企業(yè)把奧運健兒姓名等相關(guān)特定指代含義的熱詞進行惡意搶注，提交商標注冊申請。

The behavior, which is to benefit from others' reputation, has not only harmed Olympic athletes' rights and interests, but also brought negative effects to society, according to the note.
該行為攫取或不正當利用他人市場聲譽，侵害他人姓名權(quán)及其合法權(quán)益，已產(chǎn)生了惡劣的社會影響。

It said the administration will intensify efforts to fight malicious trademark registrations and keep a sound business environment, adding applicants or agencies that use improper means to apply for trademarks will be punished in line with the law.
國家知識產(chǎn)權(quán)局將保持嚴厲打擊商標惡意搶注行為的高壓態(tài)勢，對惡意申請商標注冊的申請人及其委托的商標代理機構(gòu)，依法依規(guī)嚴肅處理，持續(xù)營造良好的創(chuàng)新環(huán)境和營商環(huán)境。

8月18日，中國奧委會也就此發(fā)表聲明。

Without getting permission from the Olympic athletes or guardians of players who are minors, no one should maliciously register their names as trademarks or take other action infringing on the right of their names or other rights, the committee said.
如未獲得運動員本人或未成年運動員監(jiān)護人授權(quán)，不得以奧運健兒姓名惡意搶注商標或其他侵犯運動員姓名權(quán)等合法權(quán)益的行為。

"If such acts occur, the application for trademark registration should be suspended or withdrawn in a timely manner," it said, adding that the athletes or guardians of young players have the right to sue infringers.
有上述行為的，應及時撤回和停止實施商標注冊申請。運動員及未成年運動員監(jiān)護人有依法追究相關(guān)侵權(quán)行為人法律責任的權(quán)利。

《中華人民共和國民法典》規(guī)定：

自然人享有姓名權(quán)，有權(quán)依法決定、使用、變更或者許可他人使用自己的姓名，但是不得違背公序良俗。
A natural person enjoys the right to name and is entitled to determine, use,
change, or allow others to use his name in accordance with law, provided that public order and good morals are not offended.

任何組織或者個人不得以干涉、盜用、假冒等方式侵害他人的姓名權(quán)或者名稱權(quán)。
No organization or individual may infringe upon other’s rights to name or rights to entity name by means such as interference, misappropriation, impersonation, or the like.

【相關(guān)詞匯】

商標搶注 trademark squatting

商標盜用 trademark appropriation

商標仿冒 trademark imitation

知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護 intellectual property rights protection

知識產(chǎn)權(quán)歸屬 intellectual property (IP) ownership

參考來源：中國日報網(wǎng)、中國人大網(wǎng)

（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen）