神舟十二號載人飛船發(fā)射成功 天上3個月有啥任務?
中國日報網 2021-06-17 10:56
China launched the Shenzhou XII spacecraft, its seventh manned spaceflight, on Thursday morning, sending three astronauts to the core module of its permanent space station.The spacecraft, atop a Long March-2F carrier rocket, blasted off at 9:22 am at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwestern China.
6月17日9時22分,搭載神舟十二號載人飛船的長征二號F遙十二運載火箭,在酒泉衛(wèi)星發(fā)射中心點火發(fā)射。三名航天員將乘坐神舟十二號載人飛船到達我國永久空間站核心艙。神舟十二號載人飛船是我國第七次載人飛船任務。
【知識點】
在英文報道中,無人航空飛行器、衛(wèi)星、火箭等(unmanned space vessels, satellites, rockets)的編號一般用阿拉伯數字,而載人飛行器(manned spacecraft)的編號一般用羅馬數字,比如,“嫦娥五號”的英文是Chang'e-5,而我國首個載人飛船“神舟五號”的英文是Shenzhou V。
我們一起來學習一下羅馬數字中常用的表達方式:
1-I,2-II,3-III,4-IV,5-V
6-VI,7-VII,8-VIII,9-IX,10-X
11-XI,12-XII,13-XIII,14-XIV,15-XV
16-XVI,17-XVII,18-XVIII,19-XIX,20-XX
50-L,60-LX,70-LXX,80-LXXX,90-XC,100-C
400-CD,500-D,1000-M
按計劃,神舟十二號飛船入軌后,將采用自主快速交會對接模式對接于天和核心艙的前向端口(conduct a fast automated rendezvous and docking with the in-orbit space station core module Tianhe),與天和核心艙、天舟二號貨運飛船形成組合體( form a complex with Tianhe and the cargo craft Tianzhou-2)。航天員進駐核心艙(be stationed in the core module),執(zhí)行天地同步作息制度進行工作生活。駐留約三個月后,搭乘飛船返回艙返回東風著陸場(the Dongfeng Landing Site)。
根據神舟十二號載人飛行任務總體安排,三名航天員聶海勝、劉伯明和湯洪波在軌期間將主要完成四個方面的工作,計劃開展兩次出艙活動(extravehicular activities)及艙外作業(yè)(extravehicular operations)。中國載人航天工程辦公室主任助理季啟明介紹,這四項主要任務包括:
First, they will operate and manage the complex, including the in-orbit test of the Tianhe module, verification of the recycling and life support system, testing and operation training of the robotic arm, as well as management of materials and waste.
開展核心艙組合體的日常管理。包括天和核心艙在軌測試、再生生保系統(tǒng)驗證、機械臂測試與操作訓練,以及物資與廢棄物管理等。
Second, they will move, assemble and test extravehicular spacesuits and perform two extravehicular activities for work including assembling an extravehicular toolbox, lifting the panoramic camera and installing extended pump sets.
開展出艙活動及艙外作業(yè)。包括艙外服在軌轉移、組裝、測試,進行兩次出艙活動,開展艙外工具箱的組裝、全景攝像機抬升和擴展泵組的安裝等工作。
Third, they will carry out space science experiments and technology experiments, as well as public outreach activities.
開展空間科學實驗和技術試驗,以及有關科普教育活動。
Fourth, they will manage their own health through daily life care, physical exercise, and regular monitoring and assessment of their own health status.
按計劃開展日常的生活照料、身體鍛煉,定期監(jiān)測、維持與評估自身健康狀態(tài)。
按計劃,我國空間站將于2022年前后完成建造。
2021年4月29日,我國用長征五號乙運載火箭(Long March 5B heavy-lift rocket)將天和核心艙發(fā)射進入軌道。
Based on project plans, the Tianzhou 3 cargo ship will be launched in September to dock with Tianhe and the next month, another three-crew team will fly with the Shenzhou XIII to the module to stay there for six months.
按照計劃,今年9月,將發(fā)射天舟三號貨運飛船,升空后與天和對接;10月,另外3名航天員將搭乘神舟十三號飛船抵達核心艙,并駐留6個月。
In 2022, two large space labs will be launched to connect with the core module. Moreover, two manned missions and two robotic cargo flights will be made that year to continue construction of the Tiangong station, which is scheduled to become complete and start formal operation around the end of 2022.
2022年,將發(fā)射兩個大型太空實驗室,與核心艙對接。之后還將發(fā)射兩次載人任務和兩次貨運飛船任務,繼續(xù)推進天宮空間站的建設。到2022年底,空間站有望完成組裝,開始正式運行。
【相關詞匯】
載人空間站 manned space station
空間實驗室 space lab
在軌加注 in-orbit refuelling
交會對接 rendezvous and docking
貨運飛船 cargo spacecraft
推進艙 propelling module
空間對接 space docking
近地軌道 low-Earth orbit
運載火箭 carrier rocket
助推火箭 booster rocket
發(fā)射中止系統(tǒng) launch abort system
發(fā)射場 launch site
可重復使用運載火箭 reusable carrier rocket
參考來源:新華網、中國日報
(中國日報網英語點津 Helen)