4月29日，十三屆全國(guó)人大常委會(huì)第二十八次會(huì)議表決通過(guò)了反食品浪費(fèi)法，自公布之日起施行。

Under the newly enacted law, catering service providers could face a fine ranging from 1,000 yuan to 10,000 yuan if they encourage or mislead consumers into ordering excessive quantities of food which causes waste, and refuse to rectify the problem after being warned by market supervision departments.
該法規(guī)定，餐飲服務(wù)提供者誘導(dǎo)、誤導(dǎo)消費(fèi)者超量點(diǎn)餐造成明顯浪費(fèi)的，由市場(chǎng)監(jiān)督管理部門給予警告，拒不改正的，處一千元以上一萬(wàn)元以下罰款。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

該法所稱食品浪費(fèi)（food waste），是指對(duì)可安全食用或者飲用的食品未能按照其功能目的合理利用（failure to consume food that is safe to eat or drink in the way it is supposed to be consumed），包括廢棄、因不合理利用導(dǎo)致食品數(shù)量減少或者質(zhì)量下降等。

反食品浪費(fèi)法的其他規(guī)定還包括：

Catering arrangements for work-related events should be based on the actual circumstances and all the details such as amount of dishes and way of dining should follow the principle of frugality and not go beyond the standard thereof.
公務(wù)活動(dòng)需要安排用餐的，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況，節(jié)儉安排用餐數(shù)量、形式，不得超過(guò)規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

Catering service providers can reward customers who eat everything they order.
餐飲服務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)者可以對(duì)參與“光盤行動(dòng)”的消費(fèi)者給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。

Catering service providers could charge customers who leave excessive amount of leftovers a disposal fee, but rates for the charge must be clearly advertised.
餐飲服務(wù)經(jīng)營(yíng)者可以對(duì)造成明顯浪費(fèi)的消費(fèi)者收取處理廚余垃圾的相應(yīng)費(fèi)用，收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)當(dāng)明示。

【單詞講解】

這里的leftover用作名詞，表示“剩飯菜”，如果用形容詞形式來(lái)表示就是leftover food。其實(shí)leftover這個(gè)詞來(lái)源于動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)leave over，表示“遺留，留下（以后再用）”，比如：leave this pie over for tomorrow（這個(gè)派留著明天吃），換成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)就是we can have the pie left over from yesterday（我們可以吃昨天剩下的派）。

The law also clarifies the ban on making or broadcasting programs or videos related to excessive eating, noting that violators who refuse to rectify the problem after being warned by regulatory agencies will be fined from 10,000 yuan to 100,000 yuan.
該法還明確，禁止制作、傳播宣揚(yáng)量大多吃、暴飲暴食等浪費(fèi)食品的節(jié)目或者音視頻信息。違反規(guī)定的，由管理部門責(zé)令整改，給予警告；拒不改正，處一萬(wàn)元以上十萬(wàn)元以下罰款。

糧食安全問(wèn)題不容忽視

China's annual grain output remained above 650 million tonnes for five consecutive years during the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020) period, but food waste has been a lingering problem that poses a potential threat to the country's food security.
十三五時(shí)期，我國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量連續(xù)五年保持在6.5億噸以上，然而，一直存在的食品浪費(fèi)問(wèn)題，威脅到我國(guó)的糧食安全。

【單詞講解】

Food security強(qiáng)調(diào)的是確保人們都能得到維持健康生活所需要的糧食，主要跟糧食的供應(yīng)和人們獲取的渠道有關(guān)，我們稱為“糧食安全”；而food safety強(qiáng)調(diào)的是確保人們吃進(jìn)嘴里的食物在生產(chǎn)、存儲(chǔ)和銷售等環(huán)節(jié)都符合衛(wèi)生健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，即“食品安全”。

Approximately 18 billion kg of food is wasted every year in China's urban catering industry, according to a report based on nationwide field research carried out by NPC deputies.
人大代表在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行的實(shí)地調(diào)查顯示，我國(guó)城市餐飲行業(yè)每年大約浪費(fèi)180億公斤食物。

The country also sees over 35 billion kg of grain loss at pre-consumption stages including storage, transportation and processing, the report added.
調(diào)查報(bào)告指出，我國(guó)每年在糧食儲(chǔ)存、運(yùn)輸及加工等餐桌外環(huán)節(jié)的糧食損失高達(dá)350億公斤以上。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

糧食安全 food security

食品安全 food safety

資源節(jié)約型社會(huì) resource-conserving society

低碳生活方式 low-carbon lifestyle

套餐 set meals

廚余垃圾 kitchen waste

參考來(lái)源：中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)、新華網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）