4月13日，日本政府決定以海洋排放方式處置福島核電站事故核廢水。

Japan's government announced Tuesday it would start releasing treated radioactive water from the wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant into the Pacific Ocean in two years.
日本政府4月13日宣布，兩年后開始將損毀的福島核電站的放射性污水排放入太平洋。

【詞匯講解】

Wreck作動(dòng)詞時(shí)表示“破壞、損壞、損毀”等意思，比如：Our greenhouse was wrecked in last night's storm.（昨晚的暴風(fēng)雨把我們的溫室給毀了）；所以上文中的wrecked Fukushima nuclear plant就是指“被損毀的福島核電站”，如果表達(dá)完整可以說(shuō)Fukushima nuclear plant that was wrecked by the earthquake and tsunami in 2011。Wreck用作名詞的時(shí)候就可以表示“（已經(jīng)損毀的汽車、船只等）殘骸”，比如：Divers exploring the wreck managed to salvage some coins and jewellery.（發(fā)掘船只殘骸的潛水隊(duì)員搶回來(lái)了一些錢幣和珠寶）。

It's a move that's fiercely opposed by fishermen, residents and Japan's neighbors.
此舉遭到日本本國(guó)漁民、居民以及鄰國(guó)的強(qiáng)烈反對(duì)。

我國(guó)外交部發(fā)言人在4月14日的例行發(fā)布會(huì)上表示：

Japan is a contracting party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) and should be aware of the relevant provisions of the Convention. States shall take all measures necessary to ensure that pollution arising from incidents or activities under their jurisdiction or control does not spread beyond the areas where they exercise sovereign rights in accordance with the Convention. However, due to such factors as currents, magnitude, migratory fish, the discharge of Japan's nuclear wastewater into the sea will inevitably cause cross-border impact. In accordance with UNCLOS, the Convention on Early Notification of a Nuclear Accident, and the Convention on Nuclear Safety, Japan is also obliged to undertake such international obligations as notification and full consultation, environmental assessment and monitoring, preventive measures to minimize risks, and information transparency.
日本是《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》締約國(guó)，應(yīng)當(dāng)知道《公約》有關(guān)規(guī)定。根據(jù)《公約》，各國(guó)應(yīng)采取一切必要措施，確保在其管轄或控制范圍內(nèi)的事件或活動(dòng)所造成的污染不致擴(kuò)大到行使主權(quán)權(quán)利的區(qū)域之外。但由于洋流、量級(jí)、洄游魚類等因素，日本核廢水排海將不可避免造成跨境影響。根據(jù)《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》《盡早通報(bào)核事故公約》《核安全公約》等，日本還須承擔(dān)通知并充分協(xié)商、環(huán)評(píng)監(jiān)測(cè)、采取預(yù)防措施確保危險(xiǎn)最小化、保障信息透明等國(guó)際義務(wù)。

Assessment report of the IAEA expert panel says that the treated water from the Fukushima nuclear plant contains other radionuclides apart from tritium. According to Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the nuclear wastewater contains a total of 62 radionuclides. In August 2018, environmentalists found by analyzing data released by TEPCO that iodine-129 levels went off the chart for 60 times in the year 2017. The amount of strontium in the water is also way over the limit. It is reported that Canada has detected radioactive caesium-134 in salmon from its west coast. In waters near Hawaii, the amount of radioactive materials is twice it was before. These are signs that nuclear pollution from Fukushima may have already spread to North America.
國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)專家組評(píng)估報(bào)告明確指出，福島核電站現(xiàn)有經(jīng)過(guò)處理的含氚廢水中仍含有其他放射性核素。據(jù)東京電力公司統(tǒng)計(jì)，核廢水中共含有62種放射性核素。2018年8月，環(huán)保人士經(jīng)過(guò)分析東京電力公司發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，處理后的核廢水遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止殘留氚，其中2017年度的核廢水有60次碘129嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)。核廢水中還存在鍶90嚴(yán)重超標(biāo)的問(wèn)題。據(jù)媒體報(bào)道，加拿大已經(jīng)在其西海岸的三文魚身上檢測(cè)到銫134放射性元素。在美國(guó)夏威夷海域，放射物含量的水平已經(jīng)達(dá)到先前的兩倍，有關(guān)跡象都表明日本福島核污染可能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到北美地區(qū)。

The oceans are not Japan's trash can; and the Pacific Ocean is not Japan's sewer. Japan should not expect the world to pay the bill for its treatment of wastewater. As for the individual Japanese official's remarks that the water is okay to drink, why doesn't he take a sip first? The lesson from Japan's Minamata disease is not far behind us. Many local victims have yet to walk out of the pain. Japan should not forget this tragedy, still less should it pretend to be ignorant. We strongly urge Japan to face up to its responsibility, follow the science, fulfill its international obligations and duly respond to the serious concerns of the international community, neighboring countries and its own people. It should reevaluate the issue and refrain from wantonly discharging the wastewater before reaching consensus with all stakeholders and the IAEA through full consultations. China reserves the right to make further reactions.
海洋不是日本的垃圾桶，太平洋不是日本的下水道。日方處理核廢水不應(yīng)讓全世界買單。至于你提到日方個(gè)別官員稱“這些水喝了也沒(méi)事”，那請(qǐng)他喝了再說(shuō)。日本水俁病殷鑒不遠(yuǎn)，當(dāng)?shù)厥芎γ癖姷膫催€未撫平。日方不應(yīng)忘卻歷史悲劇，更不應(yīng)揣著明白裝糊涂。我們強(qiáng)烈敦促日方認(rèn)清自身責(zé)任，秉持科學(xué)態(tài)度，履行國(guó)際義務(wù)，對(duì)國(guó)際社會(huì)、周邊國(guó)家以及本國(guó)國(guó)民的嚴(yán)重關(guān)切作出應(yīng)有回應(yīng)。日方應(yīng)重新審視福島核電站核廢水處置問(wèn)題，在同各利益攸關(guān)國(guó)家和國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)充分協(xié)商并達(dá)成一致前，不得擅自啟動(dòng)排海。中方保留進(jìn)一步作出反應(yīng)的權(quán)利。

【詞匯講解】

Discharge這個(gè)詞是表示否定的前綴dis+charge組成的，charge表示“負(fù)責(zé)、承擔(dān)、充電”等意思，而discharge就表示“卸職、釋放、排放”等相反的意思，比如：discharge a prisoner（釋放犯人），vehicles discharging exhaust fumes（機(jī)動(dòng)車排放廢氣），discharge a cargo ship（給貨船卸貨），discharge an employee（解聘一名員工）等。

4月15日，商務(wù)部新聞發(fā)言人表示，

China will closely watch the knock-on effects caused by Japan's unilateral decision to discharge contaminated nuclear wastewater from the Fukushima nuclear power plant into the sea. The country will also carefully assess the serious threats the dumping may present to the safety and trade of related food and agricultural and aquatic products, to ensure the safety of Chinese consumers.
日本政府單方面作出以排海方式處置福島核電站廢水決定，商務(wù)部將密切跟蹤事態(tài)發(fā)展，認(rèn)真評(píng)估可能對(duì)相關(guān)食品及農(nóng)水產(chǎn)品安全和貿(mào)易造成的嚴(yán)重威脅，保障中國(guó)消費(fèi)者安全。

4月15日，外交部發(fā)言人再次就此問(wèn)題回答記者提問(wèn)時(shí)表示，

Yesterday, the first meeting of the China-ROK dialogue and cooperation mechanism of maritime affairs was convened. The two countries urged Japan to fully consult with international institutions and neighboring countries, and prudently handle the issue on the basis of substantive participation by relevant countries and international institutions. This is the common position of the two sides. It is extremely selfish that Japan wantonly and unilaterally decided to release the nuclear wastewater into the sea and shift the burden and risks onto others in disregard of the safety and interests of the international community, its Asian neighbors in particular. To protect the health of their own people and international marine environment, China and the ROK, as Japan's close neighbors and stakeholders, expressed grave concerns and strong dissatisfaction. This is perfectly natural and justified.

昨天，中韓海洋事務(wù)對(duì)話合作機(jī)制舉行首次會(huì)議。雙方敦促日本務(wù)必在與國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)和周邊國(guó)家充分協(xié)商，并在有關(guān)國(guó)家和國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)實(shí)質(zhì)參與基礎(chǔ)上，審慎處理福島核廢水問(wèn)題。這是中韓兩國(guó)的共同立場(chǎng)。日方擅自單方面決定把核廢水排入海洋，對(duì)外轉(zhuǎn)嫁負(fù)擔(dān)和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，置國(guó)際社會(huì)特別是亞洲近鄰安全利益于不顧，極其自私自利。作為日本近鄰和利益攸關(guān)方，中韓兩國(guó)為維護(hù)本國(guó)人民身體健康和國(guó)際海洋環(huán)境，對(duì)日方不負(fù)責(zé)任的做法表示嚴(yán)重關(guān)切和強(qiáng)烈不滿，天經(jīng)地義、理所當(dāng)然。

A German marine scientific research institute pointed out long ago that with the world's strongest currents along the coast of Fukushima, radioactive materials could spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within 57 days from the date of discharge, and reach all oceans of the globe in a decade. What gives Japan the confidence and makes it feel it's in a position to accuse other countries of failing to obtain "scientific proof"? Some Japanese politicians spared no effort to prove that the nuclear wastewater is harmless, then they should use the water for drinking, cooking, laundry and irrigation; guarantee that sea food won't be contaminated; and accept the advice of the International Atomic Energy Agency and set up a technical working group with relevant countries including China and the ROK to make assessment.

德國(guó)海洋科學(xué)研究機(jī)構(gòu)早已明確指出，福島沿岸擁有世界上最強(qiáng)的洋流，從排放之日起57天內(nèi)，放射性物質(zhì)將擴(kuò)散至太平洋大半?yún)^(qū)域，10年后蔓延至全球海域。日方有什么底氣和資格指責(zé)其他國(guó)家“未基于科學(xué)依據(jù)”？日本一些政客費(fèi)盡心機(jī)想要證明核廢水“清白”，那就請(qǐng)他們把核廢水用來(lái)飲用、做飯、洗衣服或者灌溉，請(qǐng)他們保證海產(chǎn)品不會(huì)被核廢水污染，請(qǐng)他們接受國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)建議，同包括中韓在內(nèi)的有關(guān)國(guó)家合作成立技術(shù)工作組開展評(píng)估。

4月15日，外交部部長(zhǎng)助理吳江浩召見日本駐華大使垂秀夫，就日本政府決定以海洋排放方式處置福島核電站事故廢水提出嚴(yán)正交涉（lodge solemn representations against the Japanese government's decision to dump the wastewater from the Fukushima nuclear plant into the sea）。

Wu said Japan's relevant decision disregarded the global marine environment, the safety of international public health, and the security interests of people from the surrounding countries. He said such a decision is a violation of international law and rules and should not be a behavior of a modern civilized country.
吳江浩指出，日方有關(guān)決定置全球海洋環(huán)境于不顧，置國(guó)際公共健康安全和周邊國(guó)家人民切身安全利益于不顧，涉嫌違反國(guó)際法和國(guó)際規(guī)則，不是現(xiàn)代文明國(guó)家所為。

"China is strongly dissatisfied with and firmly opposes this decision," Wu said.
中方對(duì)此表示強(qiáng)烈不滿和堅(jiān)決反對(duì)。

China urges Japan to recognize the responsibilities it shoulders and fulfill its international obligations in a scientific manner, said Wu.
吳江浩表示，中方強(qiáng)烈敦促日方認(rèn)清自身責(zé)任，秉持科學(xué)態(tài)度，履行國(guó)際義務(wù)。

He said that Japan should review the issue of disposing of the wastewater from the Fukushima nuclear plant and withdraw its decision to dump the wastewater into the sea.
一是重新審視福島核電站事故廢水處置問(wèn)題，收回排放入海錯(cuò)誤決定；

Wu said a joint technical working group, which includes Chinese experts, should be set up under the framework of the international institutions, to ensure that the disposal of nuclear wastewater is strictly under international evaluation, checks, and supervision.
二是在國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)框架下成立包括中國(guó)專家在內(nèi)的聯(lián)合技術(shù)工作組，確保核廢水處置問(wèn)題嚴(yán)格接受國(guó)際評(píng)估、核查和監(jiān)督；

【詞匯講解】

本文中出現(xiàn)的dispose of是一個(gè)固定搭配的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，表示“to get rid of”，即“處理、清除、丟棄”等意思，比如：dispose of toxic waste（處理有害垃圾）；后面出現(xiàn)的disposal of就是這個(gè)短語(yǔ)的名詞形式，表示同樣的意思，比如：the disposal of hazardous substances（有害物品的處置）。由此衍生出的形容詞disposable就表示“可丟棄的，一次性的”，比如：disposable plastic bags（一次性塑料袋）、disposable chopsticks（一次性筷子）等。

Before reaching a consensus with all relevant stakeholders and international institutions through consultations, Japan should not discharge the nuclear wastewater into the sea, said Wu.
三是在同利益攸關(guān)方和國(guó)際機(jī)構(gòu)協(xié)商一致之前，不得擅自啟動(dòng)核廢水排海。

He added that China will, together with the international community, continue to closely watch the development of the matter and reserves the right to make further responses.
中方將繼續(xù)同國(guó)際社會(huì)一道，密切關(guān)注事態(tài)發(fā)展，保留作出進(jìn)一步反應(yīng)的權(quán)利。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

提出嚴(yán)正交涉 lodge solemn representations

嚴(yán)重關(guān)切 be deeply concerned about

履行國(guó)際義務(wù) fulfill international obligations

環(huán)評(píng)監(jiān)測(cè) environmental assessment and monitoring

保留作出進(jìn)一步反應(yīng)的權(quán)利 reserve the right to make further responses

參考來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)、外交部官網(wǎng)、中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）