2021年3月新聞熱詞匯總
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2021-04-01 09:10
建黨百年慶?;顒?dòng) events to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC)
3月23日,中共中央就中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年慶?;顒?dòng)有關(guān)情況舉行新聞發(fā)布會(huì)。
A series of events will be held to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC).
我國(guó)將舉辦一系列活動(dòng)慶祝中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年。
一、開(kāi)展黨史學(xué)習(xí)教育
a Party-wide campaign on CPC history learning and education
學(xué)習(xí)教育貫穿2021年全年,總的要求是學(xué)史明理、學(xué)史增信、學(xué)史崇德、學(xué)史力行,教育引導(dǎo)黨員干部學(xué)黨史、悟思想、辦實(shí)事、開(kāi)新局(study the Party's history, understand its theories, do practical work and make new advances)。
二、舉行慶祝大會(huì)
a grand gathering to mark the centenary of the CPC
A grand gathering will be held on behalf of the CPC Central Committee to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), during which President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, will deliver an important speech.
以中共中央名義,隆重舉行慶祝中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年大會(huì),中共中央總書記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平將發(fā)表重要講話。
三、開(kāi)展“七一勛章”評(píng)選頒授和全國(guó)“兩優(yōu)一先”評(píng)選表彰
award the July 1 Medal and honor outstanding Party members, examplary Party workers, and advanced community-level Party organizations
“七一勛章”授予在中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義偉大事業(yè)和黨的建設(shè)新的偉大工程中作出杰出貢獻(xiàn)的黨員(CPC members who have made great contributions to the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the construction of the CPC),這是由中共中央決定、中共中央總書記簽發(fā)證書并頒授的黨內(nèi)最高榮譽(yù)(the highest honor of the CPC)。
The CPC Central Committee will honor outstanding Party members, exemplary Party workers, and advanced community-level Party organizations.
評(píng)選表彰全國(guó)優(yōu)秀共產(chǎn)黨員、全國(guó)優(yōu)秀黨務(wù)工作者、全國(guó)先進(jìn)基層黨組織。
A commemorative medal will be awarded to those who have been Party members for 50 years or more and have consistently performed well in their roles.
向健在的黨齡達(dá)到50年、一貫表現(xiàn)良好的老黨員頒發(fā)“光榮在黨50年”紀(jì)念章。
Visits will be paid to the homes of Party members who received various forms of honor and commendation, those who live in difficulties, the veterans, as well as the families of the revolutionary martyrs and Party members who died on duty.
組織開(kāi)展走訪慰問(wèn)獲得黨內(nèi)功勛榮譽(yù)表彰的黨員、生活困難黨員、老黨員、老干部和烈士遺屬、因公殉職黨員干部的家屬等活動(dòng)。
四、舉辦“不忘初心、牢記使命”大型主題展覽
major theme exhibition on "stay true to the original aspiration and founding mission"
五、舉辦文藝演出
major theatrical performance
六、召開(kāi)理論研討會(huì)和座談會(huì)
seminars and symposiums on theoretical study
七、創(chuàng)作推出一批文藝作品和出版物
a series of literature, art works and publications
大型文獻(xiàn)專題片和專題節(jié)目;
Documentaries, special programs
戲劇、音樂(lè)、舞蹈、電影、電視劇等各類優(yōu)秀文藝作品;
dramas, music, dances, films and TV series
重點(diǎn)黨史著作和理論文章,《中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的100年》等重點(diǎn)出版物;
major publications, including a book on the CPC's 100-year history
發(fā)行紀(jì)念郵票、紀(jì)念封和紀(jì)念幣。
memorial stamps, covers and coins
八、開(kāi)展群眾性主題宣傳教育活動(dòng)
Party-themed publicity and education activities for the public nationwide
慶?;顒?dòng)標(biāo)識(shí)發(fā)布
The Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee on Wednesday released the official logo for activities to mark the 100th anniversary of the founding of the CPC.
中共中央宣傳部3月24日公開(kāi)發(fā)布中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年慶?;顒?dòng)標(biāo)識(shí)。
活動(dòng)標(biāo)識(shí)由黨徽、數(shù)字“100”“1921”“2021”和光芒線組成,生動(dòng)展現(xiàn)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)中國(guó)人民不忘初心、牢記使命、艱苦奮斗(stay true to the original aspiration and founding mission and work hard)的百年光輝歷程。
數(shù)字“100”構(gòu)成標(biāo)識(shí)基本造型,“1”以100度仰角呈現(xiàn),寓意以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央(the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core)團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全黨全軍全國(guó)各族人民在前進(jìn)道路上不斷從勝利走向新的勝利。
黨徽(the Party emblem)位于標(biāo)識(shí)左上方,寓意中國(guó)人民在中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下同心同德、砥礪前行,不斷創(chuàng)造新的人間奇跡。
56根光芒線將數(shù)字“100”連接成一個(gè)有機(jī)整體,展示中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨是中國(guó)工人階級(jí)的先鋒隊(duì),同時(shí)是中國(guó)人民和中華民族的先鋒隊(duì)(the Communist Party of China is the vanguard of the Chinese working class, the Chinese people, and the Chinese nation),寓意奮進(jìn)之光照耀中華大地、照亮未來(lái)之路。
嵌入數(shù)字“1921”代表100年前中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨的創(chuàng)始(the founding of the Communist Party of China),“2021”代表中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨團(tuán)結(jié)帶領(lǐng)中國(guó)人民實(shí)現(xiàn)第一個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)(achieve the first centenary goal)、開(kāi)啟第二個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)(march toward the second centenary goal),兩個(gè)圓形寓意黨和國(guó)家事業(yè)猶如滾滾歷史車輪,勢(shì)不可擋,勇往直前。
熊貓專列 panda-themed tourist train
3月24日,我國(guó)首趟以大熊貓為主題的旅游列車“熊貓專列”在四川開(kāi)行體驗(yàn)班次。
China's first panda-themed tourist train left Chengdu Railway Station on Wednesday for the E'mei Station along the Chengdu Kunming Railway on a trial run.
3月24日,我國(guó)首趟熊貓主題旅游列車駛離成都火車站開(kāi)啟試運(yùn)行,列車沿著成昆鐵路朝著峨眉站駛?cè)ァ?/p>
據(jù)了解,“熊貓專列”全列共12輛編組(the panda-themed train is composed of 12 carriages/cars),由1輛“熊貓悅府”(特級(jí)軟臥)(deluxe soft sleeper car)、2輛“熊貓雅舍”(高級(jí)軟臥)(high-end soft sleeper car)、5輛“熊貓歸閣”(高級(jí)硬臥)(high-end hard sleeper car)、1輛“熊貓餐廳”(餐車)(dining car)、1輛“熊貓樂(lè)園”(多功能娛樂(lè)車)(multi-functional recreation car)組成的10輛主題車廂和1輛宿營(yíng)車、1輛發(fā)電車組成,定員252席。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn):compartment和carriage有什么區(qū)別】
鐵路客車上一節(jié)一節(jié)的車廂在英式英語(yǔ)中一般用coach或carriage表示,美式英語(yǔ)中常用car表示,乘客車廂就是passenger coach或passenger car,臥鋪車廂中獨(dú)立的隔間叫compartment?;疖嚿掀渌δ艿能噹€有:行李車廂(baggage car)、餐車(dinning car)、臥鋪車廂(sleeping car)、硬座車廂(chair car)等。
“熊貓專列”全面推行了“點(diǎn)對(duì)點(diǎn),個(gè)性化”定制服務(wù)(customized service),除提供日常列車乘務(wù)外,還引進(jìn)了星級(jí)賓館“黃金管家”服務(wù)模式,專門配備“熊貓管家”(panda butler),實(shí)現(xiàn)了工作人員固定車廂和全列流動(dòng)相結(jié)合的全方位服務(wù)。為滿足旅游團(tuán)隊(duì)出行個(gè)性化需求,“熊貓專列”還可提供下午茶會(huì)(afternoon tea party)、主題歌會(huì)(karaoke party)、雞尾酒會(huì)(cocktail party)等定制服務(wù)。
“熊貓專列”開(kāi)行初期主要為四川、重慶、貴州三省,后期根據(jù)運(yùn)營(yíng)情況,“熊貓專列”將拓展至全國(guó)。
電子煙 e-cigarettes
In a draft amendment to China's Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Tobacco Patent Sales Law, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration proposed bringing e-cigarettes in line with current regulations for tobacco products.
工業(yè)和信息化部、國(guó)家煙草專賣局研究起草的《關(guān)于修改〈中華人民共和國(guó)煙草專賣法實(shí)施條例〉的決定(征求意見(jiàn)稿)》提出,電子煙參照關(guān)于卷煙的有關(guān)規(guī)定執(zhí)行。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
電子煙是一種特殊的煙草產(chǎn)品,一般由煙油和煙具組成。目前主流的電子煙(electronic cigarettes/e-cigarettes)大部分都是通過(guò)一個(gè)霧化器(vaporator)將包含丙二醇、植物甘油、調(diào)味香料(flavoring)和尼古丁等成分的煙油變成蒸汽(vapor),模擬吸煙時(shí)產(chǎn)生類似煙霧。
英語(yǔ)中經(jīng)常用vape來(lái)表示“吸電子煙”這件事或者直接代指“電子煙”,比如:Rather than start vaping, you should give up smoking altogether(你應(yīng)該直接戒煙,而不是開(kāi)始吸電子煙);Vape shop owners, several who tell us they never sell to anyone under 18, say the devices are helping people, not hurting them(售賣電子煙的好幾個(gè)店主都跟我們說(shuō),從來(lái)不賣給18歲以下的顧客,還說(shuō)電子煙是在幫助別人,不是害他們)。
征求意見(jiàn)稿增加這一條,是電子煙等新型煙草制品首次擬正式納入專門法律監(jiān)管(e-cigarettes are under specialized legal supervision for the first time)。
此次電子煙全面“入法”,不僅針對(duì)監(jiān)管,還包括了生產(chǎn)(production)、零售(retail)、運(yùn)輸(transportation)等全部環(huán)節(jié)向卷煙靠攏。
電子煙到底有沒(méi)有危害?
中國(guó)控?zé)焻f(xié)會(huì)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)廖文科曾表示,電子煙對(duì)健康有害是毋庸置疑的,所謂的戒煙效果更多是一種商業(yè)宣傳。
電子煙產(chǎn)生的氣溶膠含有許多有毒有害的物質(zhì)(toxic substances),電子煙中的各種添加劑成分(additives)也存在著健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(health risk)。另外,許多電子煙產(chǎn)品所含的尼古丁濃度標(biāo)識(shí)模糊(nicotine concentration claim on the label is vague),容易導(dǎo)致使用者吸食過(guò)量。
同時(shí),電子煙的器具還存在著電池爆炸(battery explosion)、煙液滲透(tobacco juice leak)、高溫燙傷(scald burn risk)等安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
對(duì)于電子煙的定性,工信部在征求意見(jiàn)稿的“說(shuō)明”中表示,電子煙等新型煙草制品與傳統(tǒng)卷煙在核心成分(core components)、產(chǎn)品功能(features)、消費(fèi)方式(way of consumption)等方面具有同質(zhì)性。將電子煙參照卷煙監(jiān)管,符合電子煙產(chǎn)品特性以及當(dāng)前國(guó)際監(jiān)管的通行做法(in line with the current international regulatory practices)。
新冠疫苗接種 COVID-19 vaccination
3月28日舉行的國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制新聞發(fā)布會(huì)正式宣布,
China had administered more than 100 million doses of COVID-19 vaccines by Saturday.
截至3月27日24時(shí),全國(guó)累計(jì)報(bào)告接種新冠病毒疫苗超過(guò)1億劑次。
【單詞講解】
Administer這個(gè)詞最常見(jiàn)的意思是“管理、治理”,所以很多管理機(jī)構(gòu)的名稱里都有administration,比如National Medical Products Administration(國(guó)家藥品監(jiān)督管理局)。但是在接種疫苗這個(gè)語(yǔ)境里,administer的意思是“to give something to someone/to cause someone to receive something”(讓某人接收到某物),比如:This drug should not be administered to the very young(這個(gè)藥不能給太小的孩子用);administer justice(實(shí)施正義);Tests will be administered to schoolchildren at seven and twelve years(要對(duì)7歲和12歲的學(xué)生進(jìn)行考試)。
國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委疾控局副局長(zhǎng)吳良有在發(fā)布會(huì)上表示,
Beijing and Shanghai have started vaccinating people over 60 who are in good health and those who have chronic disease.
北京、上海等地已經(jīng)陸續(xù)開(kāi)展了針對(duì)60歲以上身體健康狀況良好的老年人群的疫苗接種。
The country will actively and prudently advance the COVID-19 vaccination of people over 60 and those who have chronic disease, based on the effectiveness of its mass vaccination campaign.
下一步將結(jié)合疫苗在大規(guī)模人群中的使用效果,積極穩(wěn)妥推進(jìn)60歲以上人群和慢性病患者的疫苗接種工作。
未來(lái)疫苗接種還將覆蓋18歲以下人群
國(guó)藥集團(tuán)中國(guó)生物副總裁張?jiān)茲硎荆?/p>
China National Biotech Group will start consultations with the National Medical Products Administration on the vaccination of those aged between 3 and 17, and it is expected to start soon.
對(duì)于3-17歲人群的接種工作,中國(guó)生物近期將和藥監(jiān)局作溝通。
The company started early and mid-stage clinical trials of vaccinations for people in that age group in Henan province last year, Zhang said.
去年中國(guó)生物在河南現(xiàn)場(chǎng)開(kāi)展的I/II期臨床研究的過(guò)程中就涵蓋了3-17歲年齡段的臨床研究。
The trials have shown that the vaccine's safety met expectations, and data on its effectiveness has also been obtained, he said.
目前這個(gè)年齡段的安全性數(shù)據(jù)已獲得,達(dá)到了預(yù)期效果,有效性數(shù)據(jù)也已獲得。
兩款滅活疫苗對(duì)不同地區(qū)的10多株毒株有中和作用
近期國(guó)外頻頻發(fā)現(xiàn)變異新冠病毒,引發(fā)許多人對(duì)于我國(guó)疫苗有效性的擔(dān)憂。對(duì)此,張?jiān)茲榻B,
Researchers have been testing the antiviral-mutation ability of the inactivated vaccines.
研究人員對(duì)滅活疫苗對(duì)抗變異病毒的能力進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)。
By using data from mid-and late-stage clinical trials in China and overseas, researchers have conducted experiments on a dozen variants, including those found in South Africa and the United Kingdom, Zhang said.
研究人員利用在國(guó)內(nèi)和海外二期、三期臨床試驗(yàn)后的血清,對(duì)包括南非發(fā)現(xiàn)的、英國(guó)發(fā)現(xiàn)的毒株,還有國(guó)內(nèi)不同地區(qū)、不同流行區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)的10多株的毒株進(jìn)行了交叉綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)。
The experiments have found that the antibodies produced by the two inactivated vaccines have a good neutralizing effect on all the tested strains, he said, adding that such experiments are continuing on strains found in Brazil and Zimbabwe.
結(jié)果顯示,兩款滅活疫苗產(chǎn)生的中和抗體對(duì)這些毒株都有很好的中和作用。目前,國(guó)藥集團(tuán)中國(guó)生物在對(duì)巴西、津巴布韋發(fā)現(xiàn)的毒株進(jìn)行中和實(shí)驗(yàn)監(jiān)測(cè)。
北京科興中維生物技術(shù)公司總經(jīng)理高強(qiáng)也表示,
The company has started research and development of vaccines against the variants discovered in South Africa and Brazil.
科興中維同時(shí)已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了對(duì)南非株、巴西株的疫苗研發(fā)工作。
Based on earlier cross-neutralization research on mutated strains found in 10 countries, its vaccine has proved to be effective, he said.
在研究初期已經(jīng)對(duì)10個(gè)國(guó)家病毒株的變異進(jìn)行中和試驗(yàn),已經(jīng)證明了當(dāng)時(shí)研發(fā)的疫苗對(duì)各個(gè)國(guó)家的變異株是有保護(hù)作用的。
防治性騷擾行為指南 guideline on preventing sexual harassment
深圳市婦聯(lián)、公安局等九部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)我國(guó)首個(gè)指導(dǎo)機(jī)關(guān)、企業(yè)、學(xué)校等單位建立防治性騷擾工作機(jī)制的制度性文件《深圳市防治性騷擾行為指南》。
The "Guideline on Preventing Sexual Harassment in Shenzhen" refines provisions related to sexual harassment in the Civil Code and clarifies how such offenses are defined, manifested and dealt with.
《深圳市防治性騷擾行為指南》摘選了《民法典》中有關(guān)性騷擾的條款,并且進(jìn)一步明確了性騷擾的定義、表現(xiàn)方式以及處理方式。
指南對(duì)性騷擾的定義是:
Sexual harassment refers to offense to a person by means of words, texts, images and physical acts,which is of a sexual nature, is against and unwelcomed by the subjective will of the victim and is an infringement of a person's personality rights and causes adverse psychological feelings or a hostile and unfriendly working or studying environment for the victim.
“性騷擾是指違背他人意愿,以言語(yǔ)、文字、圖像、肢體行為等方式對(duì)他人實(shí)施具有性本質(zhì)內(nèi)容的、不受歡迎的侵權(quán)行為,該行為使當(dāng)事人受到冒犯、脅迫、羞辱,導(dǎo)致了不良的心理感受或敵意、不友好的工作(學(xué)習(xí))環(huán)境?!?/p>
指南還明確了言語(yǔ)、文字、圖像、肢體等形式性騷擾的具體表現(xiàn)形式:
Verbal offense includes commenting on sensitive parts of a person's body, unwelcome sexual flirting and dirty jokes. Others include repeatedly sending letters, texts, emails or faxes with obscene content or pornographic pictures, patting, pinching, touching, kissing, hugging or caressing sensitive body parts, using work-related rewards as threat to demand sexual favors and exposing sexual organs.
言語(yǔ)騷擾包括當(dāng)面評(píng)論一個(gè)人身體的敏感部位;不受歡迎的性挑逗;與性有關(guān)的下流的笑話等;多次發(fā)送帶有淫穢內(nèi)容或色情圖片的信件、手機(jī)短信、電子郵件、傳真等;拍、捏、撫摸、親吻、摟抱、愛(ài)撫或者不恰當(dāng)?shù)挠|摸敏感部位;使用與工作相關(guān)的威脅或獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)要求性支持;暴露其性器官等。
指南的主要適用范圍是機(jī)關(guān)、企業(yè)、學(xué)校(public institutions, enterprises and schools)等單位,要求設(shè)立防治性騷擾責(zé)任部門(set up special supervisory departments)、制定防治性騷擾制度(formulate working regulations)、開(kāi)展防治性騷擾的宣傳培訓(xùn)以及受理性騷擾申訴、舉報(bào)和處置(conduct training and handle complaints and reports)。
同時(shí),指南明確了機(jī)關(guān)、企業(yè)、學(xué)校等單位建立防治性騷擾制度的主要內(nèi)容。具體包括公開(kāi)承諾、內(nèi)部投訴程序以及調(diào)職(transference)、降職(demotion)、開(kāi)除(dismissal)、列入黑名單(blacklisting)等懲戒措施,同時(shí)還明確禁止報(bào)復(fù)措施。
公交、地鐵、商場(chǎng)、影院等公共場(chǎng)所的性騷擾防治參照?qǐng)?zhí)行,應(yīng)在明顯的地方張貼“禁止性騷擾”標(biāo)識(shí)(post "No Sexual Harassment" signs),公布性騷擾投訴處理熱線電話(hotline for complaints)。
(中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen)