3月20日，“考古中國”重大項目工作進展會在成都舉行，通報了四川廣漢三星堆遺址重要考古發(fā)現(xiàn)與研究成果。

Chinese archaeologists announced the discovery of over 500 cultural relics, during an ongoing excavation at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Sichuan province. The relics were uncovered in six sacrificial pits which date back over 3,200 years.
考古學家宣布，四川廣漢三星堆遺址新發(fā)現(xiàn)的6座三星堆文化“祭祀坑”中已出土500余件文物。此次發(fā)現(xiàn)的“祭祀坑”距今約3200多年。

【單詞講解】

這里的excavation來源于動詞excavate，在考古領域表示“to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover things about the past”（為了研究歷史，將埋在地底下的老物件挖出來），即“發(fā)掘文物”，比如：She has taken part in several excavations of Roman settlements across Europe.（她參加了好幾次歐洲羅馬人定居點的文物發(fā)掘工作）。

Among the important cultural finds are gold and bronze masks, bronze ware, more than 100 ivory tusks, textiles and jade among other artifacts.
出土的重要文物包括金面具、銅面具、銅器、100多個象牙、紡織物以及玉器等其他工藝品。

【單詞講解】

在考古領域挖掘出來的“（工具、武器、飾品等具有考古或歷史價值的）文物”一般用artifact。而我們常見的cultural relics里面的relic則指“遺跡、遺留物、遺址”等。在表示“歷史遺跡”的時候，relic涵蓋的范圍要比artifact要廣一些，而且這兩個詞一般都用復數(shù)形式。

新發(fā)現(xiàn)的五號坑出土大量黃金制品

A gold mask has been unearthed at the No5 sacrificial pit. With an area of about three square meters, it is the smallest pit, but it's where the most gold pieces were unearthed, according to archaeologists.
五號祭祀坑面積大約3平方米，是最小的一個坑，但其中出土的黃金制品最多，其中包括一個黃金面具。

出土文物“上新”

In No 3 pit, a rich reservoir for bronze ware, archaeologists found two square zun jars, a typical ancient Chinese bronze ritual vessel. Such artifacts were not found in 1986. Some of the bronze ware items have been decorated with dragon and ox patterns.
在三號坑，考古學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了大量青銅器，其中有兩個正方形青銅尊，是中國古代典型的青銅祭器。其中一些青銅器上面還裝飾有龍、牛的圖案。這些文物都是1986年發(fā)掘時沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)的。

In the No 6 pit, a 1.5-meter-long and 40-centimeter-wide wooden box covered in cinnabar has brought a new mystery. A plan to open it is still being drafted.
在6號坑發(fā)現(xiàn)了一具“木匣”，長約1.5米、寬約0.4米，內(nèi)外均涂抹朱砂。這個木匣給考古工作帶來了新的謎團。考古人員還在討論“開匣”方案。

Other important items include decorative gold items in the shape of birds, ivory and bone carvings, silk and cong.
其他出土的重要文物包括，小鳥形狀的黃金飾品、象牙、骨雕、絲綢以及玉琮等。

The recent discoveries further confirm the theory that the pits were used for sacrificial purposes as many of the items found had been smashed and burned before being buried. Further study is needed to rule out any other speculation as to the pits usage.
這次的發(fā)現(xiàn)進一步證明，這些坑洞是為祭祀所用，因為出土的很多文物在埋之前已經(jīng)被打碎并燒毀。需要更深入的研究來排除這些坑洞有其他用途的猜想。

發(fā)掘工作充分利用高科技

In the process of excavation, archaeologists made full use of modern technologies to ensure the safety of the relics and sound management of relevant data and materials.
在發(fā)掘過程中，考古學家充分利用現(xiàn)代技術確保文物的安全以及相關數(shù)據(jù)和材料的高效管理。

【知識點：關于三星堆】

The Sanxingdui Ruins is dubbed as one of the world's greatest archeological discoveries of the 20th century.
三星堆遺址被稱為20世紀全世界最重大的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)之一。

Located in the city of Guanghan, Sichuan province, around 60 km from the provincial capital Chengdu, the ruins covering an area of 12 square km are believed to be the remnants of the Shu Kingdom, dating back some 4,800 years to 3,100 years.
三星堆遺址占地面積12平方公里，位于四川廣漢，距離成都約60公里，是古蜀文化遺址，距今4800年至3100年左右。

The site was originally discovered in the 1920s by a farmer. A huge surprise came in 1986 when two sacrificial pits filled with more than 1,000 relics, including gold masks, bronze sacred trees, bronze ware, jade ware and ivory, were discovered by local workers excavating clay for bricks.
該遺址最初由一個農(nóng)民在上世紀20年代發(fā)現(xiàn)。1986年，當?shù)毓と送谕翢u時意外發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩個祭祀坑，里面有1000多件文物，包括金面具、青銅神樹、青銅器、玉器、象牙等。

In 1988, the Sanxingdui Ruins site was put under State-level protection.
1988年，三星堆遺址被列為國家文物保護單位。

【相關詞匯】

文化遺產(chǎn) cultural heritage

文化自然雙重遺產(chǎn) cultural and natural heritage

文化多樣性 cultural diversity

文化資源整合 integration of cultural resources

歷史文化遺產(chǎn) historical and cultural heritage

考古能力建設 archaeological capacity building

參考來源：新華網(wǎng)、中國日報網(wǎng)

（中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen）