近日公布的“十四五”規(guī)劃和2035年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要明確提出了逐步延遲法定退休年齡的幾個(gè)原則。

According to the Outline of the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-2025) for National Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives Through the Year 2035, China will take small steps to raise the retirement age. It will also implement its flexibility, tailor policies for different groups, consider all factors, and make overall plans.
《中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展第十四個(gè)五年規(guī)劃和2035年遠(yuǎn)景目標(biāo)綱要》（下稱綱要）提出，我國(guó)將按照“小步調(diào)整、彈性實(shí)施、分類推進(jìn)、統(tǒng)籌兼顧”等原則，逐步延遲法定退休年齡。

【單詞講解】

第一眼看到tailor這個(gè)詞，很多人可能會(huì)想到“裁縫”這個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的中文意思，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，tailor也可以用作動(dòng)詞，引申為“（按照具體要求、情況）定制”的意思，比如：We tailor any of our products to your company's specific needs（我們可以根據(jù)貴公司的具體需求進(jìn)行產(chǎn)品定制）；You have to tailor application letters for each job you apply for（你要為每個(gè)應(yīng)聘的崗位準(zhǔn)備不同的求職信）。其形容詞形式tailored自然就表示“定制的”意思，比如：tailored plan for specific clients（為特定客戶定制的方案）。

人社部中國(guó)勞動(dòng)和社會(huì)保障科學(xué)研究院院長(zhǎng)金維剛對(duì)上述原則進(jìn)行解讀：

小步調(diào)整：每年延遲幾個(gè)月

Taking small steps means the country will raise the retirement age by a few months every year and finish the reform in several years.
小步調(diào)整就是每年延遲幾個(gè)月，經(jīng)過(guò)若干年過(guò)渡期完成改革。

People nearing retirement age will only have to delay retirement for several months, Jin said. He added that young people may have to work a few years longer but will have a long adaptation and transition period.
臨近退休的人，只會(huì)延遲1個(gè)月或幾個(gè)月，對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，延長(zhǎng)的退休年齡幅度會(huì)大一些，但未來(lái)有很長(zhǎng)的過(guò)渡期和適應(yīng)期。

彈性實(shí)施：個(gè)人會(huì)有自主選擇提前退休的空間

The most important feature of the retirement age reform is allowing people to choose when to retire according to their circumstances and conditions, said Jin. This showcases the flexibility and inclusiveness of the reform, said Jin.
延遲退休改革最重要的特征就是允許個(gè)人根據(jù)自身情況和條件，選擇退休的具體時(shí)間，充分體現(xiàn)改革的靈活性和包容性。

分類推進(jìn)：不同群體、不同性別將保持退休年齡差異

In China currently, the retirement age for men is 60, while for women, it is 55 for white-collar workers and 50 for blue-collar employees. These differences will stay in place to ensure policy continuity, said Jin.
我國(guó)現(xiàn)行法定退休年齡男職工60周歲、女干部55周歲、女工人50周歲，這些政策差異，改革后也會(huì)保持政策延續(xù)性。

【詞匯講解】

短語(yǔ)stay in place表示“保持原位，沒(méi)有變動(dòng)”，比如：the curfew from 6pm to 5am will stay in place for another two weeks（晚6點(diǎn)到早5點(diǎn)的宵禁還要持續(xù)兩周）。

統(tǒng)籌兼顧：配套政策和保障措施需協(xié)同推進(jìn)

Jin said retirement age reform requires overall planning and coordination as it involves many supporting policies and measures.
延遲退休改革相關(guān)的配套政策和保障措施非常多，需要統(tǒng)籌謀劃、協(xié)同推進(jìn)。

The reform also faces challenges such as promoting employment and entrepreneurship of older workers through more targeted means, and offering more social security subsidies to those who have difficulty finding jobs and helping them get reemployed, said Jin.
如何通過(guò)更有針對(duì)性的措施促進(jìn)大齡勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)？如何更大力度對(duì)就業(yè)困難人員、特別是靈活就業(yè)人員給予社保補(bǔ)貼，幫助其再就業(yè)？這些都是延遲退休改革面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

覆蓋全民的社會(huì)保障體系
the social security system covering the entire population

共同富裕
common prosperity

就業(yè)優(yōu)先政策
employment-first policy

人口老齡化
population aging

參考來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）