今年兩會 這些議題值得關注
中國日報網(wǎng) 2021-03-04 11:07
今天(3月4日)下午,全國政協(xié)十三屆四次會議(the fourth session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)開幕。3月5日,十三屆全國人大四次會議(the fourth session of the 13th National People's Congress)開幕。
今年是中國共產(chǎn)黨建黨100周年,也是“十四五”規(guī)劃開局之年(the start of the 14th Five-Year Plan period)。處于重要歷史交匯點上的中國,將如何擘畫新階段的發(fā)展方向與路徑?今年兩會期間這些議題值得期待和關注。
* 經(jīng)濟發(fā)展目標 economic development goals
2021年的中國發(fā)展,挑戰(zhàn)與機遇并存,特別是疫情和國際環(huán)境依然存在諸多不確定性。
Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, China was the only major economy in the world to register positive growth in 2020, with its GDP expanding 2.3 percent to hit 101.6 trillion yuan (about 15.7 trillion US dollars) in the year.
受新冠肺炎疫情影響,中國2020年國內生產(chǎn)總值達到101.6萬億元,增長2.3%,是全世界唯一一個實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟正增長的主要經(jīng)濟體。
Last year, no specific GDP growth figure was set in the government work report due to the uncertainty brought by COVID-19 and the world economic and trade environment.
去年,考慮到新冠肺炎疫情的不確定性以及全世界經(jīng)濟貿易整體環(huán)境,《政府工作報告》中沒有設定明確的GDP增長數(shù)值。
國務院發(fā)展研究中心宏觀經(jīng)濟研究部研究員張立群認為,
China's economy is resilient, has potential and will maintain sustained growth in 2021. But the primary goal of economic development is not to seek a nice-looking GDP figure but to raise the quality of the growth and ensure people's well-being.
在“十四五”開局之年,中國經(jīng)濟有潛力、有韌性保持一定增長速度。同時,他也表示,核心目的不是為了追求數(shù)字好看,而是強調經(jīng)濟質量的提升與百姓福祉的保障。
* 雙循環(huán) dual circulation
黨的十九屆五中全會提出了“加快構建以國內大循環(huán)為主體、國內國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局”(the new development paradigm featuring dual circulation, in which domestic and overseas markets reinforce each other, with the domestic market as the mainstay)的重大戰(zhàn)略部署。
The 14th Five-Year Plan will further clarify how China will implement the dual circulation strategy and achieve high-quality development.
“十四五”規(guī)劃將進一步明確雙循環(huán)戰(zhàn)略實施以及實現(xiàn)高質量發(fā)展的具體實施方式。
北京大學國家發(fā)展研究院名譽院長林毅夫表示:
Dual circulation is seen as a strategic and win-win choice for China to reshape its international cooperation and new competitive edge.
雙循環(huán)是重塑我國國際合作和競爭新優(yōu)勢的戰(zhàn)略抉擇,也是共贏的選擇。
* 科技創(chuàng)新 sci-tech innovation
《中共中央關于制定國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展第十四個五年規(guī)劃和二〇三五年遠景目標的建議》提出的2035年遠景目標其中一條就是:
Making major breakthroughs in core technologies in key areas, China will become a global leader in innovation.
關鍵核心技術實現(xiàn)重大突破,進入創(chuàng)新型國家前列。
National legislators and political advisers, many of whom are scientists and Big Tech executives, are expected to discuss the ways to build China's sci-tech strength and create an enabling environment for innovation.
人大代表和政協(xié)委員中有很多都是科學家或大型科技公司的老總,期待他們就增強中國科技實力以及創(chuàng)造鼓勵創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境等問題展開討論。
* 綠色發(fā)展 green development
2020年9月的第七十五屆聯(lián)合國大會一般性辯論到12月舉行的氣候雄心峰會,我國多次表示,二氧化碳排放力爭于2030年前達到峰值(peak carbon dioxide emissions by 2030),努力爭取2060年前實現(xiàn)碳中和(achieve carbon neutrality by 2060)。
中央經(jīng)濟工作會議將做好碳達峰、碳中和工作列入2021年要抓好的8大重點任務之一(one of eight policy priorities)。
In January, Minister of Ecology and Environment Huang Runqiu said China has begun formulating an action plan to peak carbon dioxide emissions before 2030 and will accelerate the transformation toward green and low-carbon development across China's society over the next 10 years.
今年1月,生態(tài)環(huán)境部部長黃潤秋表示,我國已經(jīng)開始編制2030年前碳排放達峰行動方案,未來10年將加快全社會向綠色低碳發(fā)展轉型。
* 立法 legislation
2015年以來,全國人大常委會已連續(xù)6年提請全國人代會審議重要法律。
In 2019, the NPC session adopted the Foreign Investment Law. Last year, the milestone Civil Code was adopted.
2019年,全國人民代表大會通過了《外商投資法》;2020年,通過了《民法典》。
今年將提請十三屆全國人大四次會議審議的,是全國人大組織法修正草案(draft amendment to the organic law)和全國人大議事規(guī)則修正草案(draft amendment to the procedural rules of the NPC)。
全國人大組織法頒布施行于1982年,全國人大議事規(guī)則頒布施行于1989年,兩部法律是最高國家權力機關依法行使職權(exercise functions and powers)的重要制度保障,施行30多年來還沒有進行過修改。
專家表示,全國人大及其常委會在立法(legislation)、監(jiān)督(supervision)、代表(representation)等方面的工作都取得重要進展,形成了不少新經(jīng)驗新成果,需要在法律中予以體現(xiàn)。
參考來源:新華網(wǎng)
(中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 Helen)