進口冷鏈食品 imported cold-chain food

國務(wù)院應(yīng)對新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制11月9日向全國印發(fā)《進口冷鏈食品預(yù)防性全面消毒工作方案》。

China is doubling down on efforts to stem the transmission of the novel coronavirus through imported cold-chain products, requiring thorough disinfection of such shipments before they come into contact with domestic workers.
中國加大力度防范新冠病毒通過進口冷鏈食品傳播，要求在進口冷鏈食品首次與我境內(nèi)人員接觸前實施預(yù)防性全面消毒處理。

【單詞講解】

這里的double down最初見于紙牌類賭博游戲，指的是玩家認為自己手里的牌好，所以“加倍下注”，后來這個短語就用來表示“冒風險做某事”。到了21世紀，這個短語的含義繼續(xù)拓展，多用于商業(yè)、媒體、時政等領(lǐng)域，表示to work twice as hard，即“加大力度做某事”，常用的搭配是double down on something，比如：Fox is doubling down on its marketing efforts to give the movie a big boost.（?？怂拐诩哟笫袌鐾茝V力度，強推這部影片）。當然了，用在負面信息的語境中也是可以的，比如：Instead of learning from his mistakes, he's doubling down.（他沒有從錯誤中吸取教訓，而是開始變本加厲）。

方案要求，在確保進口冷鏈食品安全的同時，提升口岸通關(guān)效率（improve customs clearance efficiency ），避免貨物積壓滯港（avoid overstocking），保障產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定（ensure the stability of the industrial and supply chain）。

口岸環(huán)節(jié)

For imported cold-chain foods that test negative for the virus, the interiors of cold chain vans and the outer packaging of the foods should be disinfected before being transported. The foods that test positive for COVID-19 will be returned or destroyed.
病毒檢測結(jié)果為陰性的進口冷鏈食品，對進口冷鏈食品的集裝箱內(nèi)壁、貨物外包裝實施消毒。檢測結(jié)果為陽性的，按規(guī)定作退運或銷毀處理。

冷鏈運輸和出入庫環(huán)節(jié)

The plan requires cold-chain logistics firms to strictly check customs clearance documents for imported cold-chain foods and disinfect vehicles, ships, and other transportation equipment. Workers who have direct contact with the foods should take protective measures.
冷鏈物流企業(yè)嚴格查驗海關(guān)通關(guān)單證，落實運輸車輛船舶等裝載運輸裝備消毒、一線工作人員個人防護等措施。

Cold storages should keep records of imported cold-chain foods coming in and out, and the records should be kept for at least two years, read the plan.
冷庫接受進口冷鏈食品時，做好貨物的出入庫記錄，相關(guān)資料和記錄應(yīng)至少留存2年。

市場環(huán)節(jié)

Sellers of imported cold-chain foods must present disinfection certificates before their products are allowed to enter the market, according to the document.
加強進口冷鏈食品是否消毒的相關(guān)證明查驗工作，防止未經(jīng)過預(yù)防性全面消毒處理的進口冷鏈食品進入市場。

Efforts should go into ensuring all the imported cold-chain foods entering the market are traceable, the plan said.
做到所有進入市場的進口冷鏈食品來源可查、去向可追。

載人潛水器 manned submersible

China's deep-sea manned submersible Fendouzhe, or Striver, set a national diving record of 10,909 meters on Tuesday in the Challenger Deep, a 11,000-meter chasm located at the bottom of the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean, according to the Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering under the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
中國科學院深海科學與工程研究所的消息顯示，中國深海載人潛水器“奮斗者”號11月10日在西太平洋馬里亞納海溝最深處成功下潛至10909米，創(chuàng)下國內(nèi)新紀錄。被稱為“挑戰(zhàn)者深淵”的馬里亞納海溝最深處深度為11000米。

【知識點】

所謂坐底，是在綜合考慮潛水器速度、姿態(tài)和海底地質(zhì)情況下，讓潛水器人為地在海底著陸（land at the seabed）。

在載人潛水器（manned submersible）方面，我國先后研制了“蛟龍”號、“深海勇士”號，“奮斗者”號是我國新一代載人潛水器。此外，我國還有“海斗”號、“海燕”號和“海翼”號等無人潛水器（unmanned submersible）。

與其相關(guān)的“深潛技術(shù)”（deep-dive technology），指在深海環(huán)境利用深潛器（deep-diving submersible）進行水下考察（underwater exploration）、海底勘探（seabed exploration）、海底開發(fā)和打撈（seabed development and salvage）、救生（rescue）等任務(wù)的技術(shù)。

The world's current deepest diving manned submersible is DSV Limiting Factor, which reached 10,927 meters last year.
目前，世界上下潛最深的潛水器是“深潛限制因子”號，去年曾下潛至10927米的深度。

本次海試任務(wù)采用了“雙船”保障模式。

The submersible, together with the mother ships Exploration 1 and Exploration 2, set off from Sanya, Hainan province, for the 10,000-meter-deep-sea diving operation on Oct 10.
10月10日，“奮斗者”號與“探索一號”“探索二號”母船一起，從海南三亞啟程開展萬米級海試。

The submersible first broke the 10,000-meter milestone by descending to 10,058 meters at the bottom of the Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean on Oct 27.
10月27日，“奮斗者”號在西太平洋馬里亞納海溝首次成功下潛突破1萬米，達10058米。

研究生導師指導行為準則 code of conduct for postgraduates' supervisors

教育部日前印發(fā)《研究生導師指導行為準則》，明確提出“十不得”，為導師指導行為劃定基本底線。

Supervisors shoulder the primary responsibility in cultivating postgraduate students and the important task of nurturing high-end and innovative talent, the Ministry of Education said.
教育部指出，研究生導師是研究生培養(yǎng)的第一責任人，肩負著為國家培養(yǎng)高層次創(chuàng)新人才的重要使命。

【單詞講解】

這里的supervisor就是在研究生階段對學生提供選題指導、學術(shù)專業(yè)培養(yǎng)、論文指導等專業(yè)支持的“導師”；在職場，這個詞多用來指某個部門或機構(gòu)的“主管”。在教育領(lǐng)域，還有幾個跟老師相關(guān)的詞，這里也簡單介紹一下：tutor多指“一對一指導教師”，我們常說的“家教”就可以用這個詞表示；mentor一般也翻譯為“導師、顧問”，不過這個詞更強調(diào)“師徒傳承”這層意思，除了專業(yè)方面的指導以外，也會在精神成長方面有引領(lǐng)作用，所以有時候也會稱為“人生導師”。

準則提出的“十不得”要求為：

should not present speeches or actions that go against the Party's theories and policies, violate State laws and regulations, damage the image of the Party and the State, or deviate from the core socialist values.
不得有違背黨的理論和路線方針政策、違反國家法律法規(guī)、損害黨和國家形象、背離社會主義核心價值觀的言行；

should not organize or participate in any activity that may compromise the fairness and impartiality of examination and admissions
不得組織或參與任何有可能損害考試招生公平公正的活動；

should not neglect to supervise and advise graduate students on their academic progress and the academic problems they face
不得對研究生的學業(yè)進程及面臨的學業(yè)問題疏于監(jiān)督和指導；

should not ask students to do things irrelevant to their academic study, scientific research and social service
不得要求研究生從事與學業(yè)、科研、社會服務(wù)無關(guān)的事務(wù)；

should not purposely delay students' graduation
不得違規(guī)隨意拖延研究生畢業(yè)時間；

should not violate the academic standards or harm the academic research rights and interests of graduate students
不得有違反學術(shù)規(guī)范、損害研究生學術(shù)科研權(quán)益等行為；

should not submit dissertations that do not meet academic standards and quality requirements for review and defense
不得將不符合學術(shù)規(guī)范和質(zhì)量要求的學位論文提交評審和答辯；

should not make misrepresentation, fraudulent claim, or misappropriation of research funds or other expenses in the name of graduate students
不得以研究生名義虛報、冒領(lǐng)、挪用、侵占科研經(jīng)費或其他費用；

should not humiliate students
不得侮辱研究生人格；

should not have inappropriate relationships with students
不得與研究生發(fā)生不正當關(guān)系。

準則強調(diào)，對違反準則的導師，培養(yǎng)單位要依規(guī)采取約談、限招（limit the number of students they can supervise）、停招直至取消導師資格（disqualify them from supervising any students）等處理措施；對情節(jié)嚴重、影響惡劣的，一經(jīng)查實，要堅決清除出教師隊伍（be banned from teaching）；涉嫌違法犯罪的移送司法機關(guān)處理（transferred to judicial authorities）。

冬季疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control in the winter

國家衛(wèi)健委副主任李斌在新聞發(fā)布會上表示，目前全球疫情加速蔓延，我國面臨境外輸入病例導致本地傳播風險增大。

China is likely to see sporadic outbreaks of scattered infections throughout the winter and to experience regional outbreaks. To tackle the risks, the country will carry out a public health and hygiene campaign in the coming seasons to help prevent COVID-19 and other seasonal infectious diseases, Li said at a press briefing.
李斌表示，今冬我國將處于疫情零星散發(fā)狀態(tài)，局部地區(qū)可能發(fā)生聚集性疫情。為了應(yīng)對這些風險，我國將在冬春季開展公共衛(wèi)生專項行動，防止新冠肺炎以及其他季節(jié)性傳染病的傳播。

【單詞講解】

這里的sporadic是形容詞，表示“happening sometimes; not regular or continuous”，即“偶爾發(fā)生的；不規(guī)律、不連續(xù)的”，與occasional意思接近，不過sporadic的意思要比occasional略廣，它既可以表示“零星的”，也可以表示“偶然的，不規(guī)律的”，但occasional通常只用來表示“偶然的，不規(guī)律的”。比如：His job requires occasional trips to the West Coast.這句話中的occasional就可以用sporadic來替換，但是表達“零星的病例”sporadic outbreaks的時候，我們通常不會用occasional來替換。

面對這一形勢，流感疫苗接種、冷鏈食品進口、跨境活動怎樣更精準地“防”？

流感疫苗接種

China's flu vaccine production this year has doubled compared with last year, reaching a five-year high.
今年國家流感疫苗生產(chǎn)和去年相比翻了一番，產(chǎn)量是近五年來最多的一年。

About 25 million doses of flu vaccines had been used nationwide to vaccinate people by Nov 9, which is almost equal to last year's total.
截至11月9日，全國流感疫苗接種量約2500萬劑，已經(jīng)接近去年的接種量。

加強檢測、消殺

The National Health Commission will intensify nucleic acid tests on staff at quarantine sites, workers involved in handling cold-chain imports and other imported goods, in tandem with regular tests on high-risk groups, including close contacts of confirmed cases, incoming passengers and people with a fever.
在繼續(xù)做好針對密接人群、入境旅客以及發(fā)熱人員等高風險人群常規(guī)檢測的同時，國家衛(wèi)健委將加大對隔離場所工作人員、進口冷鏈食品及進口貨物接觸人員的核酸檢測力度。

In addition, tests on environmental samples taken from medical institutions, agricultural markets and cold-chain facilities will be stepped up, he said, adding that comprehensive disinfection on imported cold products will be enforced.
進一步開展醫(yī)療機構(gòu)、農(nóng)貿(mào)市場、冷鏈食品相關(guān)環(huán)境等的核酸檢測，加強對進口冷鏈產(chǎn)品的全面消毒。

Virus control measures at key venues deemed at higher risk of the virus's spread, including schools, nursing homes and charity facilities for people with disabilities, should be strengthened to stamp out potential infection clusters.
聚焦學校、養(yǎng)老和殘疾人福利等病毒傳播高風險場所，落實疫情防控的相關(guān)制度和措施，嚴防聚集性疫情發(fā)生。

跨境活動謹慎安排

"We do not recommend people touring abroad. For those who have to go abroad for humanitarian purposes or other reasons, it is important for them to take good self-protective measures and have full knowledge of COVID-19 prevention and control policies at their countries of destination", Luo Zhaohui, vice-foreign minister, said at a news conference.
外交部副部長羅照輝表示，不主張大家出國旅行旅游。由于一些人道主義或不得已的原因必須要出國的，做好防護，充分了解目的地國防疫政策，這一點非常重要。

Li said control and prevention efforts will only be strengthened due to higher risks of imported infections during the winter, which is also a peak season for other respiratory infections.
李斌表示，冬季病毒輸入風險更高，同時也是其他呼吸道疾病高發(fā)期，疫情防控舉措只會更嚴格。

區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定 Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership

After eight years of negotiations, 15 Asia-Pacific countries signed the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) on Nov 15, the world's biggest trade pact. The agreement involves all 10 member countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations and five of its major trading partners－China, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.
經(jīng)過八年談判，亞太地區(qū)15個國家于11月15日簽署《區(qū)域全面經(jīng)濟伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定》（RCEP）。該協(xié)定是全球最大的貿(mào)易協(xié)定，參與國家包括東盟十國及其五個主要貿(mào)易伙伴：中國、日本、韓國、澳大利亞及新西蘭。

出售榮耀 Honor brand sold

11月17日，多家企業(yè)在《深圳特區(qū)報》發(fā)布聯(lián)合聲明，深圳市智信新信息技術(shù)有限公司已與華為投資控股有限公司簽署了收購協(xié)議，完成對榮耀品牌相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)資產(chǎn)的全面收購。出售后，華為不再持有新榮耀公司的任何股份。

Over 30 agents and dealers of Huawei's Honor brand have acquired all business assets of the budget cellphone brand, according to the joint statement.
聯(lián)合聲明指出，30余家榮耀代理商、經(jīng)銷商完成對榮耀品牌相關(guān)業(yè)務(wù)資產(chǎn)的全面收購。榮耀是華為旗下一款經(jīng)濟型手機品牌。

【單詞講解】

這里的budget cellphone中的budget跟航空領(lǐng)域的budget airlines的用法一樣，都是形容詞，表示“價格低廉的，花錢少的”。Budget更常見的用法是名詞或動詞，表示“預(yù)算”或“做預(yù)算、規(guī)劃”，比如government budget（政府預(yù)算），a weekly budget for a family of five（五口之家一周的花銷預(yù)算）；budget your time wisely（合理規(guī)劃你的時間），budget a new hospital（撥出預(yù)算建一所新醫(yī)院）等。

聲明指出，

"This acquisition represents a market-driven investment made to save Honor's industry chain. It is the best solution to protect the interests of Honor's consumers, channel sellers, suppliers, partners and employees," according to the joint statement.
此次收購既是榮耀相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈發(fā)起的一場自救和市場化投資，能最大化地保障消費者、渠道、供應(yīng)商、合作伙伴及員工的利益。

The acquisition is a multi-win move for the industry, says the statement, adding that all shareholders of the new Honor company will fully support the development of the Honor brand, enabling it to leverage the industry's advantages in resources, brands, production, channels, and services, and more effectively compete in the marketplace.
此次收購更是一次產(chǎn)業(yè)互補，全體股東將全力支持新榮耀，讓新榮耀在資源、品牌、生產(chǎn)、渠道、服務(wù)等方面汲取各方優(yōu)勢，更高效地參與到市場競爭中。

The change in ownership will not impact Honor's development direction or the stability of its executive and talent teams, allowing the company to continuously consolidate its foundation for success, says the statement.
所有權(quán)的變化不會影響榮耀發(fā)展的方向，榮耀高層及團隊將保持穩(wěn)定，繼續(xù)夯實榮耀成功的基石。

榮耀品牌誕生于2013年，始終面向年輕人，堅持中低端價位，七年間發(fā)展成為年出貨量超七千萬部（annual shipments of over 70 million）的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)手機品牌。

5G連接數(shù) 5G connections

5G connections in China are expected to reach 200 million by the end of 2020, contributing to more than 85 percent of the global total, according to a recent analysis by GSMA, an international association of mobile operators.
全球移動通信系統(tǒng)協(xié)會（GSMA）近期分析顯示，中國的5G連接數(shù)預(yù)計在2020年將達到2億，占全球5G連接總數(shù)85%以上。

【知識點】

5G（5th generation mobile communication technology），即第五代移動通信技術(shù)，將提升移動網(wǎng)絡(luò)的作用，不僅讓人與人之間互聯(lián)，更讓機器、物體和終端之間互聯(lián)互控。

5G是一個全新的通訊技術(shù)，具有高速率（high data rate）、大容量（high capacity）、低時延（short latency）的特性，這使得5G技術(shù)在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（Internet of Things）、智慧家居（smart home）、遠程服務(wù)（remote service）、外場支援（field support）、虛擬現(xiàn)實（virtual reality）、增強現(xiàn)實（augmented reality）等領(lǐng)域有了新的應(yīng)用。

分析指出，

As of September, 107 carriers have commercialized 5G networks in 47 countries and regions. It is expected that 149 carriers will commercialize 5G networks in 57 countries and regions by the end of 2020.
截至2020年9月，已有107家運營商在47個國家和地區(qū)商用5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)。預(yù)計2020年底，將有149家運營商在57個國家和地區(qū)商用5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

By the end of 2025, 410 carriers are expected to commercialize 5G networks in 123 countries and regions.
預(yù)計2025年底，將有410家運營商在123個國家和地區(qū)商用5G網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

2019年10月31日，三大運營商公布5G商用套餐（5G data plans），并于11月1日正式上線，標志著中國正式進入5G商用時代。

數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至9月底，中國5G基站（5G base station）累計超過69萬個，基本實現(xiàn)地市級5G覆蓋，今年50萬個5G基站的建設(shè)目標提前完成，5G累計終端連接數(shù)已超過1.6億。

5G technologies have been utilized in more than 20 industries including marine, power grids, healthcare and manufacturing.
5G技術(shù)已被應(yīng)用于海洋、電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)、醫(yī)療及制造等20多個行業(yè)。

By the end of September, China's three major telecom operators had launched more than 5,000 innovation projects and signed around 1,000 5G business contracts.
截至9月底，三大運營商已推出5000余個創(chuàng)新工程，簽署了約1000個5G商業(yè)合約。