“嫦五奔月”刷屏外媒!美專(zhuān)家:任務(wù)復(fù)雜,但中國(guó)能搞定 Chang'e 5 launched to fetch moon samples
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)雙語(yǔ)新聞 2020-11-25 12:01
11月24日,萬(wàn)眾矚目的嫦娥五號(hào)一飛沖天,進(jìn)入預(yù)定軌道,發(fā)射取得圓滿(mǎn)成功,開(kāi)啟我國(guó)首次地外天體采樣返回之旅。
作為人類(lèi)探索月球的又一次偉大嘗試,這一新聞也引爆了外媒的熱情。
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》:中國(guó)開(kāi)啟月球任務(wù),將帶回月壤
上一次月球樣品被帶回地球,還是40多年前,這次嫦娥五號(hào)帶回的豐富樣本將具有巨大科研價(jià)值
國(guó)家地理:中國(guó)的最新月球任務(wù)將帶回1976年以來(lái)第一抔月壤
嫦娥五號(hào)航天器踏上征途,將為地球采回最新鮮的月壤,幫助科學(xué)家解開(kāi)月球歷史之謎
美聯(lián)社:中國(guó)迄今最具野心的月球任務(wù)將帶回月巖
外媒提到,此次任務(wù)將使中國(guó)成為繼美國(guó)和前蘇聯(lián)后第三個(gè)采回月球樣本的國(guó)家。《衛(wèi)報(bào)》報(bào)道稱(chēng):
The Chang’e 5 mission, named after the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon, will seek to collect lunar material to help scientists understand more about the moon’s origins and formation. The mission will test China’s ability to remotely acquire samples from space before more complex missions.
以中國(guó)古代月宮仙女命名的嫦娥五號(hào)將采集回月球樣本,讓科學(xué)家更多地了解月球的來(lái)源和形成。這一任務(wù)將考驗(yàn)中國(guó)地外天體采樣返回的能力,從而繼續(xù)推進(jìn)更為復(fù)雜的太空任務(wù)。
If successful, the mission would make China only the third country to have retrieved lunar samples, joining the United States and the former Soviet Union.
此次任務(wù)成功的話(huà),中國(guó)將成為繼美國(guó)和前蘇聯(lián)后第三個(gè)采回月球樣本的國(guó)家。
外國(guó)專(zhuān)家:這次任務(wù)意義非凡
外國(guó)專(zhuān)家對(duì)于這次任務(wù)也充滿(mǎn)期待。
據(jù)《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》報(bào)道,美國(guó)宇航局(NASA)副首席科學(xué)家戴維·德雷珀(David S. Draper)評(píng)論稱(chēng):
"This is a really audacious mission. They’re going to move the ball down the field in a big way with respect to understanding a lot of things that are important about lunar history."
這真是一次非常大膽的任務(wù)。將大大推進(jìn)人類(lèi)對(duì)于月球的了解,掌握更多與月球歷史相關(guān)的知識(shí)。
嫦娥五號(hào)探測(cè)器是迄今為止我國(guó)研制的最為復(fù)雜的航天器系統(tǒng),由軌道器、返回器、著陸器、上升器4個(gè)器以及15個(gè)分系統(tǒng)組成。
美國(guó)海軍軍事學(xué)院的太空專(zhuān)家瓊·約翰遜-弗里茲(Joan Johnson-Freese)認(rèn)為,該探測(cè)器的技術(shù)復(fù)雜性使其“在很多方面都具有非凡意義”(remarkable in many ways):
If successful, it could be a blueprint for a Mars sample return or even a crewed lunar mission, Johnson-Freese said.
約翰遜-弗里茲說(shuō),如果任務(wù)成功,它將成為未來(lái)火星采樣返回,甚至載人登月任務(wù)的藍(lán)本。
"China is showing itself capable of developing and successfully carrying out sustained high-tech programs, important for regional influence and potentially global partnerships," she said.
她說(shuō):“中國(guó)開(kāi)始展現(xiàn)出研發(fā)和成功實(shí)施可持續(xù)高科技項(xiàng)目的能力,這對(duì)于增強(qiáng)地域影響力和加強(qiáng)潛在國(guó)際合作都至關(guān)重要?!?/p>
任務(wù)很復(fù)雜,但“中國(guó)能搞定”
在此次任務(wù)中,“嫦娥五號(hào)”將經(jīng)過(guò)著陸器落月、月表采樣、月球起飛、軌道對(duì)接、樣品轉(zhuǎn)移、返回器返回等11個(gè)階段,20余天的在軌飛行過(guò)程,采集約2千克月球樣品返回地球。
任務(wù)難度非常之大,但哈佛-史密森天體物理中心的天文學(xué)家喬納森·麥克道爾(Jonathan McDowell)認(rèn)為,“中國(guó)肯定能搞定”(China can pull this off),他的理由也很充分:
The mission is "indeed challenging," but China has already landed twice on the moon with its Chang'e 3 and Chang'e 4 missions, and showed with a 2014 Chang'e 5 test mission that it can navigate back to Earth, re-enter and land a capsule, said Jonathan McDowell.
麥克道爾說(shuō),這次任務(wù)“確實(shí)很有挑戰(zhàn)性”,但中國(guó)已經(jīng)通過(guò)嫦娥三號(hào)和嫦娥四號(hào)登陸了月球,2014年,嫦娥五號(hào)“探路兵”的再入飛行試驗(yàn)成功,證明中國(guó)有能力執(zhí)行月地返回、再入返回和返回艙著陸回收的任務(wù)。
All that's left is to show it can collect samples and take off again from the moon, McDowell said. "As a result of this, I’m pretty optimistic that China can pull this off," he said.
現(xiàn)在剩下的就是展示它采集樣本、重新從月球起飛的能力。麥克道爾說(shuō),“所以說(shuō),中國(guó)肯定能搞定,我對(duì)此非常樂(lè)觀?!?/p>
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》:中國(guó)起步晚,但進(jìn)步快
《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》還盤(pán)點(diǎn)了中國(guó)近年來(lái)探索太空的努力,指出中國(guó)是本世紀(jì)唯一個(gè)將機(jī)器人巡視器送上月球的國(guó)家。
In this century, so far only China has successfully put robotic spacecraft on the surface of the moon: Chang’e 3 in December 2013, and Chang’e 4, which in January 2019 became the first spacecraft to land on the far side of the moon. Chang’e 4’s rover, called Yutu 2, is still operating, studying lunar geology nearly two years later.
在本世紀(jì),目前只有中國(guó)成功將機(jī)器人航天器送上月球:2013年12月的嫦娥三號(hào),和2019年1月的嫦娥四號(hào),后者是首個(gè)在月球背面著陸的探測(cè)器。嫦娥四號(hào)的巡視器,玉兔二號(hào),現(xiàn)在仍在工作,在著陸近2年后還在研究月球地質(zhì)。
報(bào)道還稱(chēng),雖然中國(guó)進(jìn)入太空領(lǐng)域的時(shí)間很晚,但取得的進(jìn)步卻非同小可。
Although China ventured into space much later than the United States and the former Soviet Union, the country has made huge progress over the past decade, and is now among the elite ranks of space-faring nations.
雖然中國(guó)進(jìn)入太空領(lǐng)域的時(shí)間遠(yuǎn)晚于美國(guó)和前蘇聯(lián),但該國(guó)在過(guò)去十年成績(jī)斐然,現(xiàn)已躋身航天大國(guó)之列。
In addition to the lunar missions, China’s astronauts have docked in orbit with space stations of the country’s own construction three times. In July, the Tianwen 1 mission set course for Mars, and will try to land on the red planet’s surface next year.
除了探月計(jì)劃,中國(guó)還在低地軌道實(shí)現(xiàn)三次與空間站的載人交會(huì)對(duì)接任務(wù)。今年7月,天問(wèn)一號(hào)開(kāi)啟探索火星的征程,將于明年降落在這顆紅色星球上。
編輯:左卓
來(lái)源:紐約時(shí)報(bào) 衛(wèi)報(bào) 美聯(lián)社