針對(duì)人民群眾反映強(qiáng)烈的“碰瓷”現(xiàn)象，最高人民法院、最高人民檢察院、公安部近日聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于依法辦理“碰瓷”違法犯罪案件的指導(dǎo)意見》，全面加強(qiáng)對(duì)此類違法犯罪行為的打擊力度。

The guideline identifies and specifies several illegal acts, such as deliberately crashing a car to claim compensation, and their corresponding punishments.
指導(dǎo)意見針對(duì)“碰瓷”手法多樣的情況，進(jìn)一步明確案件的定性和處罰。

【單詞講解】

這里用deliberately crashing a car to claim compensation來表示“碰瓷”，其實(shí)是用了解釋說明的辦法，即“故意撞車以索要賠償”，更簡潔的表達(dá)可以是“staged crash fraud”或“staged (auto) accident fraud”。我們都知道stage作為名詞有“舞臺(tái)”的意思，用作動(dòng)詞的時(shí)候stage也可以表示“（為了吸引公眾注意而）安排、組織（某件事）”，所以，staged crash/accident都是“刻意制造出來的車禍（意外）”，而最后的fraud正是組織這件事的目的。

指導(dǎo)意見明確，

Acts of fabricating facts, concealing truths and swindling compensation, that meet the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, shall be convicted and punished as the crime of fraud, according to the guideline.
虛構(gòu)事實(shí)、隱瞞真相，騙取賠償，符合刑法有關(guān)規(guī)定的，以詐騙罪定罪處罰。

Malicious behavior, including fabricating facts about the infringement of personal or property rights and interests as well as bringing a civil lawsuit on the grounds of a fake civil dispute, shall be punished as the offense of false charges if meeting the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, it adds.
捏造人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)益受到侵害的事實(shí)，虛構(gòu)民事糾紛，提起民事訴訟，符合刑法有關(guān)規(guī)定的，以虛假訴訟罪定罪處罰。

The guideline also stipulates that whoever deliberately causes a traffic accident and blackmails the victim utilizing the victim's violation of provisions on road passage, which meets the relating provisions of the Criminal Law, shall be punished as the crime of extortion by blackmail.
“碰瓷”團(tuán)伙若故意制造交通事故進(jìn)而利用被害人違反道路通行規(guī)定等相要挾的，符合刑法有關(guān)規(guī)定的，以敲詐勒索罪定罪處罰。

【單詞講解】

這里表達(dá)“敲詐勒索”時(shí)用到了兩個(gè)詞：extortion和blackmail。我們先說大家更熟悉的blackmail，這個(gè)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“對(duì)方手里有受害人的某種把柄，并以此為要挾，要求受害人支付錢財(cái)”，所以我們通常翻譯為“勒索”。Extortion適用的范圍要比blackmail更廣，除了用黑料要挾受害人以外，還包括用暴力、恐嚇、損壞財(cái)物等手段威脅受害人，以得到財(cái)物，所以，extortion在法律領(lǐng)域通常翻譯為“恐嚇取財(cái)”。

A relatively stable criminal organization formed by three or more persons for committing such blackmail-related crimes jointly should be considered as a criminal group, it said, noting that those in conformity with the identification standard of gang crimes should be investigated, prosecuted and tried accordingly.
三人以上為共同故意實(shí)施“碰瓷”犯罪而組成的較為固定的犯罪組織，應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)定為犯罪集團(tuán)。符合黑惡勢(shì)力認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照黑社會(huì)性質(zhì)組織、惡勢(shì)力或者惡勢(shì)力犯罪集團(tuán)偵查、起訴、審判。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

掃黑除惡 battles against gang crimes

平安中國 Peaceful China initiative

第三方責(zé)任險(xiǎn) third party liability insurance

交通事故責(zé)任強(qiáng)制保險(xiǎn) mandatory liability insurance for traffic accidents of motor vehicles

保險(xiǎn)詐騙 insurance fraud

參考來源：新華網(wǎng)

（中國日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語點(diǎn)津 Helen）