8月18日5時(shí)，四川啟動(dòng)I級(jí)防汛應(yīng)急響應(yīng)（activate the highest level of flood control response），這是有記錄以來(lái)，四川首次啟動(dòng)該響應(yīng)。

Continuous rainfall has caused 22 major rivers in Sichuan to exceed their flood warning levels. Swelling rivers have flooded some urban areas in the city of Ya'an and Leshan. Local authorities have evacuated more than 100,000 people affected by the disaster.
連續(xù)降雨已導(dǎo)致四川省境內(nèi)22條主要河流超過(guò)警戒水位。泛濫的河水淹沒(méi)了雅安和樂(lè)山市的城區(qū)，當(dāng)?shù)卣殉冯x10萬(wàn)多受災(zāi)群眾。

The Ya'an section of the Qingyi River was hit by a major flood rarely seen in a hundred years, while water levels in the entire Qingyi River basin, as well as the lower reaches of Dadu River and Minjiang River, are expected to exceed warning levels.
目前，青衣江雅安城區(qū)段已出現(xiàn)百年一遇洪水，預(yù)計(jì)整個(gè)青衣江流域?qū)⑷娉^(guò)保證水位，大渡河下游、岷江下游也將出現(xiàn)全面超警超保洪水。

【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】

最近有關(guān)洪水的報(bào)道中，我們經(jīng)常能看到“超警”、“超保”、“超限”等表述，其中的“警”代表“警戒水位”，“?！贝怼氨ＷC水位”，“限”代表“汛限水位”。

警戒水位（warning level）是指河流、湖泊隨著水位逐步升高，堤防可能發(fā)生險(xiǎn)情并需要加強(qiáng)防守的水位（the water level where dykes need consolidation）。到達(dá)這一水位，要進(jìn)行防汛動(dòng)員，加大人力、物力投入，實(shí)行晝夜巡堤查險(xiǎn)。

保證水位（flood-stage level），又稱最高水位或危險(xiǎn)水位，是指堤防設(shè)計(jì)水位或歷史上防御過(guò)的最高洪水位（the highest floodwater level a dyke has ever withstood），也是汛期堤防及其附屬工程能保證安全運(yùn)行的上限洪水位。接近或到達(dá)這一水位，防汛進(jìn)入全面緊急狀態(tài)，堤防臨水時(shí)間已長(zhǎng)，堤身土體可能達(dá)到飽和狀態(tài)，隨時(shí)都有出險(xiǎn)的可能。這時(shí)要密切巡查，全力以赴，確保堤防安全。

汛限水位（the upper limit of reservoir water level）是指汛期水庫(kù)允許蓄水的上限水位，也是水庫(kù)汛期防洪調(diào)度運(yùn)用時(shí)的起調(diào)水位。

九寨溝景區(qū)臨時(shí)關(guān)閉

The Jiuzhaigou National Park, also known as the Jiuzhai Valley, a UNESCO world heritage site famed for its spectacular waterfalls, lush forests, serene plateau lakes and karst rock formations in the mountainous areas of Sichuan, announced temporary closure due to safety concerns.
為安全起見(jiàn)，九寨溝景區(qū)臨時(shí)關(guān)閉園區(qū)。九寨溝是聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地，以壯觀的瀑布、蔥翠的森林、靜謐的高原湖水以及四川山區(qū)卡斯特地貌聞名。

Incessant torrential rainfall has blocked roads to the scenic spot, with part of the area flooded by a river, according to the site's administration.
景區(qū)管理部門表示，持續(xù)強(qiáng)降雨導(dǎo)致通往景區(qū)的道路受阻，部分路段被泛濫的河水淹沒(méi)。

洪水浸過(guò)樂(lè)山大佛佛腳平臺(tái)

Floods also affected the Leshan Giant Buddha, another UNESCO world heritage site situated outside the city of Leshan. Flood water reached the toes of the Buddha statue for the first time since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949.
另一處聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)地樂(lè)山大佛也受到洪水影響，這是1949年新中國(guó)成立以來(lái)洪水首次浸過(guò)大佛腳趾。

On Monday night, local police and scenic-spot staff placed sandbags at the platform under the Buddha's feet, building a dam-like structure to protect the statue.
8月17日晚，當(dāng)?shù)孛窬途皡^(qū)工作人員在大佛佛腳平臺(tái)堆放了沙袋，組成堤壩保護(hù)大佛。

三峽水利樞紐將迎建庫(kù)以來(lái)最大洪峰

This coming Thursday the Three Gorges reservoir in central China's Hubei province is expected to see the most severe round of floods since it started to hold water in 2003.
預(yù)計(jì)8月20日，位于湖北省的三峽水利樞紐將迎來(lái)2003年蓄水以來(lái)的最大洪峰。

According to a forecast by the Changjiang Water Resources Commission of the Ministry of Water Resources, the inbound flow of water is expected to reach more than 74,000 cubic meters per second after continuous heavy rain battered the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.
根據(jù)長(zhǎng)江水文局以及水利部的預(yù)報(bào)，受長(zhǎng)江上游持續(xù)強(qiáng)降雨影響，三峽水利樞紐入庫(kù)洪水峰值將達(dá)到74000立方米每秒。

The Yangtze River, China's longest waterway, recorded the fifth flood of the year in its upper reaches on Monday.
8月17日，“長(zhǎng)江2020年第5號(hào)洪水”已在長(zhǎng)江上游形成。

【相關(guān)詞匯】

floods/floodwater/inundation 洪水

flash floods 山洪暴發(fā)

water level 水位

flood level 洪水水位

flood peak 洪峰

warning level 警戒水位

watercourses 河道/水道

water discharge 排水量

water volume 水量

water reservoirs 水庫(kù)

discharge flood waters 分流洪水

flood prevention capability 防洪能力

參考來(lái)源：新華網(wǎng)

（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen）