>High-stress jobs can be fatal
工作缺自主權(quán)讓人短命
Researchers discovered that two specific factors - having a high-stress job and low control over one's work - are correlated with higher mortality rates.
研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)高壓力的工作和缺乏自主權(quán)的工作這兩個(gè)特定因素與更高的死亡率有關(guān)。
Over 3,000 Americans were tracked in a survey, which found that those with high-stress, low-control jobs were 43% more likely to die than those in lower-risk categories.
研究人員對3000多名美國人進(jìn)行了追蹤調(diào)查，發(fā)現(xiàn)那些工作壓力大、自主權(quán)低的人比工作壓力小、自主權(quán)高的人死亡率高出43%。
The point is not that everyone should quit their jobs in terror. Rather, those with influence over employees' work experience - like company heads and managers - should do as much as possible to increase workers' feelings of autonomy, especially for workers in high-stress jobs, according to Erik Gonzalez-Mulé, an assistant professor at the University of Indiana's Kelley School of Business, who co-authored the study.
研究報(bào)告的合著者、印第安納大學(xué)凱萊商學(xué)院的助理教授埃里克?岡薩雷斯-穆勒說，重點(diǎn)不是讓大家驚恐地辭職，而是那些對員工的工作體驗(yàn)有影響力的人——比如公司領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和經(jīng)理——應(yīng)該盡可能提高員工的自主感，尤其是那些工作壓力大的員工。
Gonzalez-Mulé says one comparatively simple option is to allow people to decide where to work, whether that's from home or, in former times, from a café or other non-office workspace.
岡薩雷斯-穆勒說，一個(gè)相對簡單的選擇是，允許員工自行決定工作地點(diǎn)，無論是在家，還是像過去那樣在咖啡館或其他非辦公室的場所。

>Kids more prepared against virus
常感冒兒童新冠癥狀輕
Children may be protected from coronavirus because they catch so many colds, scientists have suggested.
科學(xué)家指出，兒童經(jīng)常感冒可能會保護(hù)他們免受新冠病毒的傷害。
Figures from the Office for National Statistics suggest children are just as likely to pick up the virus, but few ever develop serious disease, or even show symptoms.
英國國家統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，兒童和大人一樣容易感染新冠病毒，但是發(fā)展成重癥的兒童沒有多少，有些甚至沒有表現(xiàn)出癥狀。
Now scientists have suggested that children may be resistant because their immune systems are already well primed by the common cold.
現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家指出，兒童對新冠病毒可能有抵抗力，因?yàn)槠胀ǜ忻耙呀?jīng)讓他們的免疫系統(tǒng)做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。
The common cold is caused by four different types of coronavirus that circulate in the community and are largely harmless.
普通感冒是由社區(qū)中流行的四種不同的冠狀病毒引起的，大部分都是無害的。
But while adults pick up a cold around two to four times a year, school age children catch an average of 12 colds annually, studies have shown.
但是研究顯示，成年人每年大約感冒兩到四次，學(xué)齡兒童每年平均感冒12次。
Professor Sir John Bell, Regius Professor of Medicine, University of Oxford told the House of Lords Science and Technology Select Committee, that it may allow youngsters to build up some ongoing resistance that adults do not have.
牛津大學(xué)醫(yī)藥學(xué)欽定講座教授約翰?貝爾爵士告訴上議院科學(xué)技術(shù)特別委員會說，這可能會讓兒童建立起成年人沒有的抵抗力。
"How you respond may be due to the state of your existing immunity to coronaviruses generally," he told peers.
他告訴同行說："你對病毒的反應(yīng)可能取決于你對冠狀病毒群體的現(xiàn)有免疫力狀況。"

>Negativity raises dementia risk
消極思維增加癡呆風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
Persistently engaging in negative thinking patterns may raise the risk of Alzheimer's disease, finds a new University College London-led study.
倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院帶頭開展的一項(xiàng)新研究顯示，長期沉浸于消極思維模式可能提高患阿爾茨海默病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
In the study of people aged over 55, published in Alzheimer's & Dementia, researchers found "repetitive negative thinking" is linked to subsequent cognitive decline as well as the deposition of harmful brain proteins linked to Alzheimer's.
這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)表在《阿爾茨海默病與癡呆癥》雜志上，以55歲以上人群為調(diào)查目標(biāo)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，"反復(fù)消極思維"可能會引發(fā)日后的認(rèn)知能力下降以及和阿茲海默癥有關(guān)的有害腦蛋白的沉積。
Lead author Dr Natalie Marchant, UCL psychiatry, said: "Depression and anxiety in mid-life and old age are already known to be risk factors for dementia. Here, we found that certain thinking patterns implicated in depression and anxiety could be an underlying reason why people with those disorders are more likely to develop dementia. We hope that our findings could be used to develop strategies to lower people's risk of dementia by helping them to reduce their negative thinking patterns."
該研究的首席作者、倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院精神病學(xué)的娜塔莉?馬錢特博士說："我們已經(jīng)知道，抑郁和焦慮是引發(fā)中老年人患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素。在這項(xiàng)研究中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)抑郁癥和焦慮癥患者常有的某些思維模式可能是這些人更容易患上癡呆癥的背后原因。我們希望我們的研究結(jié)果可以被用來制定策略，通過幫助人們減少消極思維模式來降低患癡呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。"

>Vaccine shows promising results
新冠疫苗臨床試驗(yàn)揭盲
China has unveiled the results of the phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials of an inactivated COVID-19 vaccine candidate, which shows promising results in both safety and efficacy, according to the China National Pharmaceutical Group (Sinopharm).
中國醫(yī)藥集團(tuán)有限公司(國藥集團(tuán))稱，由國藥中國生物武漢生物制品研究所研制的新冠滅活疫苗臨床I/II期試驗(yàn)揭盲，在安全性和有效性方面的結(jié)果均振奮人心。
The vaccine, developed by the Wuhan Institute of Biological Products under the China National Biotec Group (CNBG) affiliated to Sinopharm, involved 1,120 volunteers aged between 18 and 59 in its clinical trials, which started on April 12.
這款疫苗于4月12日啟動(dòng)臨床試驗(yàn)，共有1120名年齡在18-59歲的受試者參與其中。
The results revealed a good safety record, with no cases of severe adverse effects found in the clinical trials. The vaccine receivers inoculated with two injections in different procedures and doses have all produced high titers of antibodies.
結(jié)果顯示，疫苗接種后安全性好、無一嚴(yán)重不良反應(yīng)，不同程序、不同劑量接種后，疫苗組接種者均產(chǎn)生高滴度抗體。
The CNBG is actively promoting overseas cooperation in the phase 3 clinical trial of the vaccine and has secured the intention of cooperation of several companies and research institutions from other countries.
中國生物正積極推進(jìn)Ⅲ期臨床的海外合作，與多個(gè)國家的企業(yè)及研究機(jī)構(gòu)確定了合作意向。

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