八、圍繞保障和改善民生，推動(dòng)社會(huì)事業(yè)改革發(fā)展
VIII. Advancing the reform and development of social programs to safeguard and improve living standards

面對(duì)困難，基本民生的底線要堅(jiān)決兜牢，群眾關(guān)切的事情要努力辦好。
Despite the difficulties we face, we must unfailingly meet the basic living needs of our people and address issues of public concern.

加強(qiáng)公共衛(wèi)生體系建設(shè)。堅(jiān)持生命至上，改革疾病預(yù)防控制體制，加強(qiáng)傳染病防治能力建設(shè)，完善傳染病直報(bào)和預(yù)警系統(tǒng)，堅(jiān)持及時(shí)公開透明發(fā)布疫情信息。用好抗疫特別國債，加大疫苗、藥物和快速檢測技術(shù)研發(fā)投入，增加防疫救治醫(yī)療設(shè)施，增加移動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室，強(qiáng)化應(yīng)急物資保障，強(qiáng)化基層衛(wèi)生防疫。加快公共衛(wèi)生人才隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。深入開展愛國衛(wèi)生運(yùn)動(dòng)。普及衛(wèi)生健康知識(shí)，倡導(dǎo)健康文明生活方式。要大幅提升防控能力，堅(jiān)決防止疫情反彈，堅(jiān)決守護(hù)人民健康。
We will enhance the public health system.
We will always put life above everything else. We will reform the system for disease prevention and control, enhance our capacity for infectious disease prevention and treatment, improve mechanisms for direct reporting and early warning of infectious diseases, and ensure prompt, open, and transparent release of epidemic information. We will make good use of covid-19 bonds, increase inputs into the R&D of vaccines, medicines, and rapid testing technologies, build more medical facilities for epidemic control and treatment, set up more mobile laboratories, ensure emergency supplies, and strengthen public health and epidemic prevention at the primary level.
We will step up training of public health personnel. We will carry out extensive activities to improve public sanitation. We will enhance public knowledge of how to maintain good health and hygiene, and promote healthy and positive lifestyles. We need to greatly enhance our prevention and control capability, resolutely prevent a resurgence of covid-19, and protect the health of our people.

提高基本醫(yī)療服務(wù)水平。居民醫(yī)保人均財(cái)政補(bǔ)助標(biāo)準(zhǔn)增加30元，開展門診費(fèi)用跨省直接結(jié)算試點(diǎn)。對(duì)受疫情影響的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)給予扶持。深化公立醫(yī)院綜合改革。發(fā)展“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)+醫(yī)療健康”。建設(shè)區(qū)域醫(yī)療中心。提高城鄉(xiāng)社區(qū)醫(yī)療服務(wù)能力。推進(jìn)分級(jí)診療。促進(jìn)中醫(yī)藥振興發(fā)展，加強(qiáng)中西醫(yī)結(jié)合。構(gòu)建和諧醫(yī)患關(guān)系。嚴(yán)格食品藥品監(jiān)管，確保安全。
We will improve basic medical services.
We will raise government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents by an average of 30 yuan per person, and pilot inter-provincial on-the-spot settlement of outpatient bills through basic medical insurance accounts. We will provide support to medical institutions badly affected by the epidemic. The comprehensive reform of public hospitals will be furthered. We will develop Internet Plus Healthcare models and build regional medical centers. We will increase our capacity for providing medical services in urban and rural communities and continue developing the tiered diagnosis and treatment model. We will promote the development of traditional Chinese medicine and its use alongside Western medicine. We will work to ensure harmony in the relationship between doctor and patient. Supervision over food and drugs will be tightened up to guarantee their safety.

推動(dòng)教育公平發(fā)展和質(zhì)量提升。堅(jiān)持立德樹人。有序組織中小學(xué)教育教學(xué)和中高考工作。加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)寄宿制學(xué)校、鄉(xiāng)村小規(guī)模學(xué)校和縣城學(xué)校建設(shè)。完善隨遷子女義務(wù)教育入學(xué)政策。辦好特殊教育、繼續(xù)教育，支持和規(guī)范民辦教育。發(fā)展普惠性學(xué)前教育，幫助民辦幼兒園紓困。推動(dòng)高等教育內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展，推進(jìn)一流大學(xué)和一流學(xué)科建設(shè)，支持中西部高校發(fā)展。擴(kuò)大高校面向農(nóng)村和貧困地區(qū)招生規(guī)模。發(fā)展職業(yè)教育。加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)。推進(jìn)教育信息化。要穩(wěn)定教育投入，優(yōu)化投入結(jié)構(gòu)，縮小城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、校際差距，讓教育資源惠及所有家庭和孩子，讓他們有更光明未來。
We will develop more equitable and higher-quality education.
We will place importance on fostering virtue in education. We will see that teaching in primary and secondary schools and entrance examinations for senior high school and university are well-organized. We will strengthen the development of boarding schools in townships and towns, small rural schools, and schools in county seats. We will improve policies on providing access to compulsory education to children living with their migrant worker parents in cities. We will provide quality special needs education and continuing education, and give support to private schools while also keeping them well-regulated. We will develop public-interest pre-school education and help private kindergartens overcome difficulties.
We will promote development of substance in higher education, develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines, and support the development of colleges and universities in the central and western regions. We will expand the enrollment of students from rural and poor areas at colleges and universities. We will develop vocational education. We will strengthen the ranks of teachers, and promote the application of information technology in education.
We will ensure a steady level of investment in education, improve the mix of educational spending, and narrow the gaps between urban and rural areas, between regions, and between schools, so as to make educational resources accessible to all our families and children and enable them to embrace a brighter future.

加大基本民生保障力度。上調(diào)退休人員基本養(yǎng)老金，提高城鄉(xiāng)居民基礎(chǔ)養(yǎng)老金最低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。實(shí)現(xiàn)企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金省級(jí)統(tǒng)收統(tǒng)支，提高中央調(diào)劑比例。全國近3億人領(lǐng)取養(yǎng)老金，必須確保按時(shí)足額發(fā)放。落實(shí)退役軍人優(yōu)撫政策。做好因公殉職人員撫恤。擴(kuò)大失業(yè)保險(xiǎn)保障范圍，將參保不足1年的農(nóng)民工等失業(yè)人員都納入常住地保障。完善社會(huì)救助制度。擴(kuò)大低保保障范圍，對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)困難家庭應(yīng)保盡保，將符合條件的城鎮(zhèn)失業(yè)和返鄉(xiāng)人員及時(shí)納入低保。對(duì)因?yàn)?zāi)因病因殘?jiān)庥鰰簳r(shí)困難的人員，都要實(shí)施救助。要切實(shí)保障所有困難群眾基本生活，保民生也必將助力更多失業(yè)人員再就業(yè)敢創(chuàng)業(yè)。
We will make greater efforts to meet people’s basic living needs.
We will increase the basic pension for retirees and the minimum basic old-age pension for rural and non-working urban residents. We will realize provincial-level collection and spending of enterprise workers’ basic pension funds and increase the proportion of these funds under central government allocation. Close to 300 million people in our country live on pensions, and we must ensure they receive their benefits on time and in full.
We will ensure implementation of preferential treatment policies for demobilized military personnel, and ensure benefits for the families of people who have died in service of the public. We will extend the coverage of unemployment insurance and see that rural migrant workers and others out of work who are in the scheme less than a year are covered in the locality where they are living.
The social assistance system will be improved. Subsistence allowances will be expanded to cover all families in difficulty, and such allowances will be made promptly available to eligible urban unemployed people and migrant workers who have returned home. We will ensure assistance is provided to anyone who runs into temporary difficulty because of disaster, illness, or disability.
With these measures, we can ensure that all members of disadvantaged groups have their basic living needs met and that more unemployed people will have the support they need to secure their next job or start their own business.

豐富群眾精神文化生活。培育和踐行社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀，發(fā)展哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)、新聞出版、廣播影視等事業(yè)。加強(qiáng)文物保護(hù)利用和非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)傳承。加強(qiáng)公共文化服務(wù)，籌辦北京冬奧會(huì)、冬殘奧會(huì)，倡導(dǎo)全民健身和全民閱讀，使全社會(huì)充滿活力、向上向善。
We will organize rich intellectual and cultural activities for our people.
We will foster and practice core socialist values, and continue to develop philosophy and social sciences, the press, publishing, radio, film, and television. The protection and use of cultural relics and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage will be improved. We will improve public cultural services, make preparations for the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics in Beijing, and encourage people to exercise and keep fit and embrace a culture of reading. With these endeavors, our people will be full of vitality and striving to pursue excellence and moral integrity.

加強(qiáng)和創(chuàng)新社會(huì)治理。健全社區(qū)管理和服務(wù)機(jī)制。加強(qiáng)鄉(xiāng)村治理。支持社會(huì)組織、人道救助、志愿服務(wù)、慈善事業(yè)等健康發(fā)展。保障婦女、兒童、老人、殘疾人合法權(quán)益。完善信訪制度，加強(qiáng)法律援助，及時(shí)解決群眾合理訴求，妥善化解矛盾糾紛。開展第七次全國人口普查。加強(qiáng)國家安全能力建設(shè)。完善社會(huì)治安防控體系，依法打擊各類犯罪，建設(shè)更高水平的平安中國。
We will create new and better ways to conduct social governance.
We will improve community management and service mechanisms and strengthen rural governance. We will support the sound development of social organizations, humanitarian assistance, volunteer service, and charity. We will protect the lawful rights and interests of women, children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. We will improve the system for handling public complaints, provide better legal aid, and ensure that justified public demands are addressed promptly and social problems and disputes are handled in the right way. The seventh population census will be carried out. We will strengthen national security capacity building. We will improve the crime prevention and control system, punish crimes in accordance with law, and more effectively carry out the Peaceful China initiative.

強(qiáng)化安全生產(chǎn)責(zé)任。加強(qiáng)洪澇、火災(zāi)、地震等災(zāi)害防御，做好氣象服務(wù)，提高應(yīng)急管理、搶險(xiǎn)救援和防災(zāi)減災(zāi)能力。實(shí)施安全生產(chǎn)專項(xiàng)整治。堅(jiān)決遏制重特大事故發(fā)生。
We will strengthen accountability for workplace safety.
We will intensify prevention efforts against flooding, fires, and earthquakes, deliver quality meteorological services, and enhance our capacity for emergency management and rescue and disaster prevention and mitigation. A campaign to enhance workplace safety will be launched. Strong steps will be taken to prevent major and extremely serious accidents.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

面對(duì)艱巨繁重任務(wù)，各級(jí)政府要自覺在思想上政治上行動(dòng)上同以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央保持高度一致，踐行以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想，落實(shí)全面從嚴(yán)治黨要求，堅(jiān)持依法行政，建設(shè)法治政府，堅(jiān)持政務(wù)公開，提高治理能力。要依法接受同級(jí)人大及其常委會(huì)的監(jiān)督，自覺接受人民政協(xié)的民主監(jiān)督，主動(dòng)接受社會(huì)和輿論監(jiān)督。強(qiáng)化審計(jì)監(jiān)督。發(fā)揮好工會(huì)、共青團(tuán)、婦聯(lián)等群團(tuán)組織作用。政府工作人員要自覺接受法律、監(jiān)察和人民監(jiān)督。加強(qiáng)廉潔政府建設(shè)，堅(jiān)決懲治腐敗。
In the face of difficult and weighty tasks, governments at all levels must closely follow the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core in thinking, stance, and action and practice the people-centered development philosophy. We must enforce full, rigorous self-discipline of the Party, exercise law-based government administration, build a rule of law government, ensure transparency in all government affairs, and enhance our governance capacity.
We will accept, as required by law, the oversight of people’s congresses and their standing committees at the same level, and readily subject ourselves to the democratic oversight of the CPPCC, public oversight, and oversight through public opinion. Auditing-based oversight will be stepped up. We will give full play to the role of trade unions, Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations, and other people’s organizations. We in the government must readily accept the oversight of the law, supervisory bodies, and the people. We must redouble efforts to build a clean government and crack down on corruption.

各級(jí)政府要始終堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是，牢牢把握社會(huì)主義初級(jí)階段這個(gè)基本國情，遵循客觀規(guī)律，一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)，立足辦好自己的事。要大力糾治“四風(fēng)”，力戒形式主義、官僚主義，把廣大基層干部干事創(chuàng)業(yè)的手腳從形式主義的束縛中解脫出來，為擔(dān)當(dāng)者擔(dān)當(dāng)，讓履職者盡責(zé)。要緊緊依靠人民群眾，尊重基層首創(chuàng)精神，以更大力度推進(jìn)改革開放，激發(fā)社會(huì)活力，凝聚億萬群眾的智慧和力量，這是我們戰(zhàn)勝一切困難挑戰(zhàn)的底氣。廣大干部應(yīng)臨難不避、實(shí)干為要，凝心聚力抓發(fā)展、保民生。只要我們始終與人民群眾同甘共苦、奮力前行，中國人民追求美好生活的愿望一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)。
Government at all levels must take a fact-based approach to work, and keep firmly in mind that we remain in the primary stage of socialism, which is the basic dimension of China’s national context. We must abide by objective laws, base everything we do on actual conditions, and deliver in our work.
In our efforts to address formalities for formalities’ sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, we will put a strong focus on the first two harmful practices, in order to release our primary-level officials from the fetters of pointless formalities and give full rein to their drive. We will stand behind officials who live up to their responsibilities, and we will work to see that they carry out their duties.
We must rely closely on the people, respect the pioneering spirit of those working at the primary level, advance reform and opening up with greater force, ignite the dynamism of our society, and bring together the energy and ingenuity of hundreds of millions of Chinese people. This is the source of inspiration that enables us to prevail over all difficulties and challenges.
We officials must not shy away in the face of difficulty; we must do solid work and make concerted efforts to pursue development and ensure the wellbeing of the people. As long as we stand together with the people through good times and bad and continue to forge ahead, we can surely fulfill the desire of the Chinese people for a better life.

今年要編制好“十四五”規(guī)劃，為開啟第二個(gè)百年奮斗目標(biāo)新征程擘畫藍(lán)圖。
This year, we will formulate the 14th Five-Year Plan, thus drawing the blueprint for us to embark on a new journey toward the second Centenary Goal.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

我們要堅(jiān)持和完善民族區(qū)域自治制度，支持少數(shù)民族和民族地區(qū)加快發(fā)展，鑄牢中華民族共同體意識(shí)。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，發(fā)揮宗教界人士和信教群眾在促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展中的積極作用。海外僑胞是祖國的牽掛，是聯(lián)通世界的重要橋梁，要發(fā)揮好僑胞僑眷的獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢，不斷增強(qiáng)中華兒女凝聚力，同心共創(chuàng)輝煌。
We will uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, support ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas in accelerating development, and forge a strong sense of community among the Chinese people.
We will fully implement the Party’s fundamental policy on religious affairs and encourage religious leaders and believers to play an active part in promoting economic and social development.
China cares deeply about our overseas nationals, who serve as a crucial bridge linking China and the rest of the world. We will give play to the unique role of overseas Chinese nationals and their family members and relatives at home, and forge a stronger bond of attachment among all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation. Together, we can create more remarkable achievements.

去年以來，國防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)取得重要進(jìn)展，人民軍隊(duì)在疫情防控中展示了聽黨指揮、聞令而動(dòng)、勇挑重?fù)?dān)的優(yōu)良作風(fēng)。要深入貫徹習(xí)近平強(qiáng)軍思想，深入貫徹新時(shí)代軍事戰(zhàn)略方針，堅(jiān)持政治建軍、改革強(qiáng)軍、科技強(qiáng)軍、人才強(qiáng)軍、依法治軍。堅(jiān)持黨對(duì)人民軍隊(duì)的絕對(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，嚴(yán)格落實(shí)軍委主席負(fù)責(zé)制。全力加強(qiáng)練兵備戰(zhàn)，堅(jiān)定維護(hù)國家主權(quán)、安全、發(fā)展利益。打好軍隊(duì)建設(shè)發(fā)展“十三五”規(guī)劃落實(shí)攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，編制軍隊(duì)建設(shè)“十四五”規(guī)劃。深化國防和軍隊(duì)改革，提高后勤和裝備保障能力，推動(dòng)國防科技創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。完善國防動(dòng)員體系，始終讓軍政軍民團(tuán)結(jié)堅(jiān)如磐石。
Since last year, we have achieved important progress in strengthening national defense and the armed forces. The people’s armed forces demonstrated fine conduct by reacting swiftly to the Party’s commands and shouldering heavy responsibilities in covid-19 control.
We will thoroughly implement Xi Jinping’s thinking on strengthening the armed forces and the military strategy for the new era. We will continue to enhance the political loyalty of the armed forces, strengthen them through reform, science and technology, and the training of capable personnel, and run the military in accordance with law.
We will uphold the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces and strictly implement the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chair of the Central Military Commission. We will advance military training and war preparedness to the best of our ability and firmly safeguard China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests.
We will complete the crucial tasks laid down in the 13th five-year plan for the development of the armed forces and draw up the 14th five-year plan. We will deepen reforms in national defense and the military, increase our logistic and equipment support capacity, and promote innovative development of defense-related science and technology. We will improve the system of national defense mobilization and ensure that the unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people remains rock solid.

我們要全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，建立健全特別行政區(qū)維護(hù)國家安全的法律制度和執(zhí)行機(jī)制，落實(shí)特區(qū)政府的憲制責(zé)任。支持港澳發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、改善民生，更好融入國家發(fā)展大局，保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩(wěn)定。
We will fully and faithfully implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong and the people of Macao govern Macao, with a high degree of autonomy for both regions. We will establish sound legal systems and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security in the two special administrative regions, and see that the governments of the two regions fulfill their constitutional responsibilities. We will support Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving living standards, and better integrating their development into China’s overall development, and help them maintain long-term prosperity and stability.

我們要堅(jiān)持對(duì)臺(tái)工作大政方針，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則，在“九二共識(shí)”基礎(chǔ)上推動(dòng)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展。堅(jiān)決反對(duì)和遏制“臺(tái)獨(dú)”分裂行徑。完善促進(jìn)兩岸交流合作、深化兩岸融合發(fā)展、保障臺(tái)灣同胞福祉的制度安排和政策措施，團(tuán)結(jié)廣大臺(tái)灣同胞共同反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”、促進(jìn)統(tǒng)一，我們一定能開創(chuàng)民族復(fù)興的美好未來。
We will adhere to the major principles and policies on work related to Taiwan, uphold the one-China principle, and promote the peaceful growth of relations across the Taiwan Strait on the basis of the 1992 Consensus. We will resolutely oppose and deter any separatist activities seeking “Taiwan independence.” We will improve institutional arrangements, policies, and measures to encourage exchanges and cooperation between the two sides of the Strait, further cross-Strait integrated development, and protect the wellbeing of our fellow compatriots in Taiwan. We will encourage them to join us in opposing “Taiwan independence” and promoting China’s reunification. With these efforts, we can surely create a beautiful future for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

應(yīng)對(duì)公共衛(wèi)生危機(jī)、經(jīng)濟(jì)嚴(yán)重衰退等全球性挑戰(zhàn)，各國應(yīng)攜手共進(jìn)。中國將同各國加強(qiáng)防疫合作，促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定，推進(jìn)全球治理，維護(hù)以聯(lián)合國為核心的國際體系和以國際法為基礎(chǔ)的國際秩序，推動(dòng)構(gòu)建人類命運(yùn)共同體。中國堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路，在擴(kuò)大開放中深化與各國友好合作，中國始終是促進(jìn)世界和平穩(wěn)定與發(fā)展繁榮的重要力量。
In the face of the public health crisis, severe economic recession, and other global challenges, all countries should work together. China stands ready to work with other countries to strengthen international cooperation on covid-19 control, promote stability in the world economy, advance global governance, and uphold the international system with the United Nations at its core and an international order based on international law. China is committed to building a human community with a shared future.
China will continue to pursue peaceful development, and advance friendship and cooperation with other countries as it opens up wider to the rest of the world. China will remain an important force promoting world peace, stability, development, and prosperity.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

中華民族向來不畏艱難險(xiǎn)阻，當(dāng)代中國人民有戰(zhàn)勝任何挑戰(zhàn)的堅(jiān)定意志和能力。我們要更加緊密地團(tuán)結(jié)在以習(xí)近平同志為核心的黨中央周圍，高舉中國特色社會(huì)主義偉大旗幟，以習(xí)近平新時(shí)代中國特色社會(huì)主義思想為指導(dǎo)，迎難而上，銳意進(jìn)取，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)疫情防控和經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，努力完成全年目標(biāo)任務(wù)，為把我國建設(shè)成為富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧美麗的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國夢不懈奮斗！
The Chinese nation has never been daunted in the face of difficulties or obstacles. The Chinese people today have the ability and resolve to overcome all challenges before us. We must rally more closely around the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, uphold socialism with Chinese characteristics, and follow the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. Let us meet our challenges head-on, move determinedly forward in the fight against covid-19 and in pursuit of economic and social development, and strive to fulfill the targets and tasks for this year. Let all of us work together with perseverance to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful, and realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation.